Mayelana Nolimi Lwesiyiddish

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo Ulimi Lwesiyiddish?

Isiyiddish sikhulunywa kakhulu emiphakathini Yamajuda e-United States, Kwa-Israyeli, Erussia, Ebelarus, e-Ukraine, Epoland Nasehungary. Kukhulunywa futhi inani elincane lamajuda Efrance, e-Argentina, e-Australia, Eningizimu Afrika, Ecanada nakwamanye amazwe.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesiyiddish?

Isiyiddish siwulimi olunezimpande zalo ngesijalimane Esiphakathi Esiphakeme futhi lukhulunywa emhlabeni wonke Amajuda Angama-Ashkenazi. Sekuyisilimi esiyinhloko Samajuda Angama-Ashkenazi kusukela kwasungulwa ngekhulu lesi-9, lapho imiphakathi Yamajuda ichuma kulokho manje Okuyijalimane nenyakatho Yefrance. Kuyinhlanganisela yezilimi eziningana ezihlanganisa isiheberu Nesi-aramu, kanye Nesislavic, Isiromance nezilimi Zasejalimane Ephakathi.
Isiyiddish saqala ukuthandwa Phakathi kwamajuda Aseyurophu cishe ngekhulu le-12, lapho saqala ukusetshenziswa njengolimi olukhulunywa ngokuyinhloko kunendlela yokubhala yendabuko. Lokhu kwakungenxa yendawo lapho Kwakukhona Khona Amajuda, ayevame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwendawo futhi ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise izilimi ezihlukile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Phakathi nekhulu le-15 nele-16, Isiyiddish sasakazeka Kabanzi kulo Lonke Elaseyurophu, saba ulimi oluvamile Phakathi kwamajuda aseyurophu.
Isiyiddish siye sathonywa kakhulu nezilimi zendawo Lapho Amajuda ayehlala khona, ngakho kuye kwavela izilimi ezihlukahlukene Kulo Lonke Elaseyurophu, E-Afrika Nasemelika. Naphezu kokwehluka kwangaphakathi, izilimi Zesiyiddish zinohlelo lolimi olufanayo, ukwakheka kwamagama kanye namagama ajwayelekile, ezinye izilimi zithonywe kakhulu isiheberu kanti ezinye zithonywe izilimi ezisanda kuhlangana nazo.
Ekhulwini le-19, izincwadi Zesiyiddish zachuma futhi kwanyatheliswa izincwadi eziningi nomagazini ngolimi. Nokho, ukwanda kokulwa Namajuda, ukufuduka Kwamajuda amaningi ngemva Kwempi Yezwe II, nokwamukelwa kwesingisi njengolimi oluvelele e-United States kwaholela ekwehleni Kwesiyiddish njengolimi olukhulunywayo. Namuhla, kusekhona izigidi zabantu abakhuluma Isiyiddish emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi Enyakatho Melika Nase-Israel, nakuba lolu limi lungasasetshenziswa kabanzi njengoba lwalunjalo ngaphambili.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesiyiddish?

1. U-eliyezeri Ben-yehuda (18581922): Uben-yehuda kuthiwa nguye owavuselela ulimi lwesiheberu, futhi wakwenza lokho ngokwethula amagama amaningi Esiyiddish ngesiheberu. Futhi waba ngowokuqala ukuhlanganisa isichazamazwi esibanzi sesiheberu sanamuhla futhi wabhala izihloko nezincwadi ngolimi.
2. Usholem Aleichem( 18591916): U-Aleichem wayengumbhali odumile Wesiyiddish owabhala ngokuphila kwamajuda empumalanga Yurophu. Imisebenzi yakhe, kuhlanganise Notevye The dairyman, yasiza ekwandiseni nasekusakazeni Isiyiddish emhlabeni wonke.
3. Uchaim Grade( 1910-1982): Grade wayengumbhali wezincwadi odumile waseyiddish kanye nembongi. Imisebenzi yakhe, elandisa ngempi yokuphila Kwamajuda, ibhekwa kabanzi njengenye yezincwadi ezinhle kakhulu zolimi Lwesiyiddish.
4. Umax Weinreich (18941969): isazi sezilimi, uprofesa kanye nomsunguli nomqondisi WE-Yivo Institute For Jewish Research Evilnius, Elithuania, Uweinreich wanikezela umsebenzi wakhe wokuphila ekutadisheni nasekukhuthazeni Isiyiddish.
5. U-Itzik manger (1900-1969): Umanger wayengumbongi Wesiyiddish futhi engomunye wababhali abakhulu bekhulu lama-20. Waba nethonya elikhulu ekuvuseleleni nasekwenzeni ulimi lube sesikhathini samanje.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesiyiddish sinjani?

Isakhiwo Sesiyiddish sicishe sifane nesesijalimane. Iqukethe amagama, imishwana, nemisho eyakhiwe ngokulandelana kwesihloko nesenzo nento. Isiyiddish sivame ukuba esifushane kunesijalimane, sisebenzisa izihloko ezimbalwa, iziqalo, nezihlanganisi ezingaphansi. Isiyiddish asinalo uhlelo olufanayo lokuhlanganiswa kwezenzi nesijalimane, futhi ezinye izikhathi zezenzi zihlukile kulezo zesijalimane. Isiyiddish sinezinhlayiya eziningana ezengeziwe nezinye izakhi ezingatholakali ngesijalimane.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Yiddish ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda Isiyiddish iwukuzifaka olimini. Lokhu kusho ukulalela izingxoxo Zesiyiddish, ukufunda izincwadi namaphephandaba Esiyiddish, nokubuka amabhayisikobho nemibukiso yethelevishini yesiyiddish. Ungathatha futhi ikilasi Lesiyiddish esikhungweni somphakathi sendawo, eyunivesithi noma ku-inthanethi. Makeiseka ukuzijayeza ukukhuluma it nge izikhulumi bomdabu ukukusiza uthole ukujwayela pronunciation nohlelo lolimi. Ekugcineni, gcina Isichazamazwi Yiddish-English namatafula isenzo ukugunda ukukusiza nanoma yimiphi imibuzo ungase ube.