Uqu. Yakut Guqulela

Uguqulelo lwasearmenia luye lwabaluleka ngakumbi kwimarike yanamhlanje yehlabathi. Njengoko amazwe esebenzisana ngakumbi, kuyacaca ukuba iinkonzo zokuguqulela zifunwa kakhulu. Iarmenia lulwimi oluthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-6 kwihlabathi liphela kwaye iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yamazwe amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Oku kwenza ukuba kube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kumashishini ukunceda ukunxibelelana nabathengi kwamanye amazwe.

Esinye isizathu sokuba iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasearmenia zifunwa kangaka kukukwazi kwayo ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kwamazwe neelwimi. Iarmenia ikwiindlela eziphakathi Kweyurophu Neasia, nto leyo ethetha ukuba idla ngokunqamleza iinkcubeko neelwimi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ulwimi ngokwalo lukwahluke kakhulu, okwenza kube lula ukwahlula kwiilwimi ezikufutshane. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba imiyalezo ethunyelweyo ithunyelwa ngokuchanekileyo kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo.

Ukongeza kokubaluleka kwenkcubeko, kukho ezininzi iinzuzo ekusebenziseni i-Armenian njengolwimi lokunxibelelana. Lulwimi olubhetyebhetye kakhulu kwaye lunokusetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicwangciso. Kwakhona ulwimi olulula ukufunda, oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abanamava amancinci olwimi banokuphumelela kakhulu xa besebenzisa ulwimi. Ngaphezu koko, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iilwimi, isiarmenia sinengenelo yembali ende ebhaliweyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukho intabalala yezinto eziprintiweyo nezixhobo ezikhoyo ukunceda abo bafunda olo lwimi.

Ekugqibeleni, abaguquleli basearmenia banamava yaye banokuthenjwa. Njengoko ulwimi lukhula ekuthandeni, kunjalo nenani leengcali kwicandelo lokuguqulela. Abaguquleli abaninzi basebenza kwiindawo ezithile, oko kuthetha ukuba amashishini anokufumana ukufaneleka okufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo. Amava okukwazi ukuqonda izinto zolwimi yenza aba baguquleli baxabiseke kakhulu kumashishini afuna ukudlulisela umyalezo wabo ngokuchanekileyo ngolwimi abangalwaziyo.

Ngokubanzi, uguqulelo lwasearmenia luyinto exabiseke kakhulu kumashishini, amaziko, kunye nabantu abaqhuba ishishini kumazwe aphesheya. Ayivuli kuphela amathuba onxibelelwano ahlukeneyo, kodwa ikwabonelela ngebhulorho yenkcubeko phakathi kweenkcubeko kunye nezizwe. Ngenxa yokwanda kokudityaniswa kwehlabathi, imfuno yabaguquleli basearmenia neenkonzo zokuguqulela iya kuqhubeka isanda.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isiarmenia?

Iarmenia lulwimi Lwaseburhulumenteni Earmenia Nasenagorno-Karabakh. Kwakhona kuthethwa ngamalungu e-Armenian diaspora kumazwe amaninzi, kuquka Irashiya, Iunited States, Ilebhanon, Ifransi, Igeorgia, Isiriya, I-Iran Neturkey.

Ziziphi iilwimi zasearmenia?

Ulwimi lwasearmenia lunembali yakudala ebuyela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yesi-5 BC, xa yabhalwa okokuqala ngohlobo Lwearmenian Yakudala. Yenye yeelwimi ezindala zasendiya Naseyurophu kwaye lulwimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabhlikhi Yasearmenia. Ulwimi lwaphenjelelwa kakhulu bubukumkani basearmenia kunye nenkcubeko yayo kwaye uninzi lwamagama ayo asasetyenziswa nanamhlanje.
Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, olu lwimi luye lwaguquka ngeendlela ezininzi, yaye luye lwaphenjelelwa zezinye iilwimi ezinjengesigrike, isilatini, isipersi nesiturkey. Ebudeni benkulungwane ye-19, ulwimi lwasearmenia lwavuselelwa kakhulu, njengoko abaphengululi belo xesha babezibhokoxa ekwenzeni inguqulelo esemgangathweni enokusetyenziswa kulo lonke elasearmenia nangaphaya.
Namhlanje, olu lwimi luthethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezisi-8 yaye lolona lwimi luphambili kubantu abaninzi basearmenia Eunited States, Ekhanada, Ejamani, Efransi Naserashiya. Ikwasetyenziswa njengolwimi lweenkolo ezininzi Zamakristu.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasearmenia?

1. I - Mesrop Mashtots-Umdali Wealfabhethi yasearmenian 2. I-moves Khorenatsi-Uvulindlela Kwimbali Yasearmenia Kunye Noncwadi 3. Ihhovhannes Tumanyan-Imbongi, Umbhali Kunye Noluntu 4. Grigor Narekatsi-Imbongi Engummangaliso yenkulungwane ye-9 5. Umkrtich Naghash - Omnye Wababhali Bokuqala Beencwadi Zanamhlanje zasearmenia

Uluphi ulwimi lwasearmenia?

Isakhiwo solwimi lwase-armenia siyi-agglutinative, oku kuthetha ukuba isebenzisa izihlanganisi okanye izimamva ukuguqula amagama kunye nokubonakalisa iimpawu zegrama. Ulwimi lwasearmenia luyafana nolunye ulwimi oluvela kwintsapho yeelwimi Zaseindiya Naseyurophu. Inamatyala amaninzi ezibizo, iimo zesenzi, kunye nokuqina, kunye nenani elikhulu lezenzi kunye neefom zesenzi. Iarmenia ikwanenkqubo ebanzi yokuguquka kwamaqabane.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasearmenia ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana ulwimi lwasearmenia oluhle. Khangela ikhosi ekwi-intanethi, okanye ikhosi yomntu ukuba unokufumana enye kufutshane nawe. Qiniseka ukuba ikhosi ibanzi kwaye igubungela iziseko zegrama, isakhiwo sesivakalisi, kunye nesigama.
2. Fumana armenia ifani isasazeka. Bukela iimuvi NEMIBONISO KAMABONWAKUDE yasearmenia, uphulaphule umculo wasearmenia, ufunde iincwadi namaphephandaba asearmenia, uze uzame ukuncokola nezithethi zomthonyama zasearmenia.
3. Ukuziqhelanisa, ukuziqhelanisa, ukuziqhelanisa. Ungesabi ukwenza iimpazamo, yindlela kuphela yokufunda. Bekela bucala ixesha yonke imihla lokuziqhelanisa nesiarmenian, nokuba yimizuzu embalwa nje.
4. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikwi-intanethi ukukhokela. I-intanethi inezixhobo ezininzi zokukunceda ufunde isingesi. Jonga iiwebhusayithi kunye neeforamu ezinikezelwe ekufundiseni ulwimi, kunye neeapps eziluncedo kunye neepodcasts.
5. Sebenzisa iiflashcards ukuvavanya ulwazi lwakho. Yenza ii-flashcards ngamagama esigama sasearmenia kuzo kwaye uzivavanye rhoqo ukulinganisa inkqubela yakho.
6. Thetha nabanye abafundi. Nxibelelana nabanye abantu abafunda isiarmenian, kwi-intanethi okanye buqu. Ukuthetha nomnye umntu ofunda ulwimi olufanayo kunokukunceda ugcine ukhuthazekile kwaye ubandakanyekile.

I-Yakut lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi kumantla mpuma Erashiya. Njengoko olu lwimi lusandul ' ukwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni, kusekho imfuneko ebalulekileyo yeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyakut. Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ukubaluleka kokuguqulela kwi-Yakut kwaye sixoxe ngemiceli mngeni enxulumene nale nkqubo.

Ulwimi Lweyakut aluthethwa Kuphela Erashiya, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe Afana Nemongolia, Ichina Nekazakhstan. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imfuno yamazwe ngamazwe yeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyakut kunye nasekhaya. Eyona njongo iphambili yokuguqulela nokuvela Eyakut kukuvala izikhewu zeelwimi ukuze kuququzelelwe unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama nabanye abachaphazelekayo. Iinguqulelo nazo ziyafuneka kumaxwebhu asemthethweni, izivumelwano zozakuzo, izixhobo zemfundo, imithombo yeendaba kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nenkcubeko, kunye namanye amaxwebhu.

Xa kuziwa ekuguquleleni nasekusukeni, kukho imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Okokuqala, kukho umbuzo wokubizwa. Amagama Aqhelekileyo kunye aqhelekanga eneenfayile Yadav. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba abaguquleli baqhelane nezi nguqulelo zengingqi ukuze baqinisekise ukuchaneka. Omnye umceli mngeni kukuba amagama amaninzi aneentsingiselo ezininzi kuxhomekeke kumxholo asetyenziswa kuwo. Oku kwenza kube nzima ngabaguquleli ukuba baqonde intsingiselo echanileyo yegama okanye ibinzana, besenza ukuchana kubaluleke ngakumbi.

Nangona kukho imiceli mngeni enxulumene nokuguqulela ukuya nokubuya kwi-Yakut, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo. Njengoko ulwimi Lweyakut luqhubeka lufumana ukwamkelwa, kuya kubaluleka ngakumbi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo ezisuka Kwiyakut zikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zichanekile. Iinguqulelo ezisemgangathweni zibalulekile ekugcineni incoko yenkcubeko ephumelelayo kunye nonxibelelwano, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama abaneenkcubeko ezihlala zihlelelekile.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwaseyakut?

Ulwimi Lweyakut luthethwa Erashiya, Echina Nasemongolia.

Ziziphi iilwimi Zeyakut?

Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluvela Kwicaspian subgroup yeelwimi Ezisenyakatho-Ntshona Yeturkey. Kuthethwa ngabantu abangama-500,000 Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasesaka yaserussia, ikakhulukazi kwi-lena River drainage basin kunye ne-tributaries yayo. Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lunembali etyebileyo yoncwadi ebuyela emva kuncwadi lokuqala olurekhodiweyo phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-14. Uncwadi lwase-Yakut lwaluphenjelelwe kakhulu kukubhalwa kweembongi Zesufi Ezivela Kumbindi Mpuma Nakumbindi Weasia, kunye nababhali baserussia kunye nababhali abavela Kwi-Imperial Russia. Imisebenzi yokuqala ebhaliweyo Yaseyakut yayiyimibhalo yonqulo, kuquka iinguqulelo zeendinyana Zequranic kunye nomlando Kayusuf Nozulaikha.
Imisebenzi yokuqala yokuqala ebhalwe Kwi-Yakut yabonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kunye nemibongo, amabali amafutshane, kunye neenoveli ezibalisa ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu Base-Yakut. Ababhali baseyakut nabo baqalisa ukuhlola imixholo emikhulu kwimisebenzi yabo, njengomzabalazo wokulwa nobukoloniyali, ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko yemveli Yasesiberia, kunye nengxaki yabantu abacinezelweyo kuloo mmandla. Ngeminyaka yee-1920 neyee-1930, ulwimi Lweyakut lwafumana ukuvuselelwa koncwadi, olukhokelwa ngababhali abanjengoyuri Chegerev, Uanatoly Krotov, Ugennady Titov, Noivan Tazetdinov. Eli xesha labona ukuqhuma kwenani leencwadi ezipapashwe Eyakut, kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kolwimi kumaxwebhu karhulumente nawolawulo.
Namhlanje, ulwimi Lwaseyakut lunandipha ukuvuselelwa phakathi kwezithethi zalo zomthonyama, kuze kupapashwe amaphephandaba namaphephancwadi amaninzi ngolwimi. Kukho kwakhona umdla ukwandisa izifundo Ulwimi Yakut ngaphandle Erashiya, kunye neeyunivesithi ezininzi ezifundisa izifundo ngolwimi.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lweyakut?

1. Uyuri Nikolaevich Vinokurov-ingcali yeelwimi, umbhali-mbali kunye nephilologist; 2. Stepan Georgievich Ostrovsky-Yakut imbongi, playwright, umbhali kunye nomguquleli; 3. U-Oleg Mikhailovich Belyaev - Umgxeki woncwadi kunye nombhali; 4. Liliya Vladimirovna Bagautdinova-Yakut folklorist; 5. Akulina Yeelovna Pavlova-umbhali wesichazi-magama kunye nomphandi wedialectology.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi Yakut?

Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lolwentsapho yolwimi Lwaseturkey kwaye luyinxalenye yeqela Lasenyakatho-Mpuma. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, oko kuthetha ukuba lisebenzisa izimamva ezinokuthi zongezwe kumagama ukudala iintsingiselo ezintsha kunye neefom. I-Yakut ichaphazeleka kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amagama atshintsha ifom yabo kuxhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo kwisivakalisi. Izibizo, izimelabizo, izichazi, kunye nezenzi zonke zifuna ukuphela ukubonisa ifom yazo kuxhomekeke kumxholo.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lweyakut ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana ikopi yencwadi yolwimi Lweyakut okanye isikhokelo somhlohli. Ukusebenza kwezi zifundo kule mathiriyeli yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuba nobuchule kulwimi.
2. Ziqhelise ukuthetha nokuphulaphula. Indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukuziqhelanisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngoko zama ukufumana iqabane lokuncokola ukuze uziqhelanise nalo.
3. Book in Yakuza. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde i-grammar and grammar of language.
4. Funda malunga nenkcubeko kunye nembali yeeyakuts. Ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nabantu kunye nendlela yabo yokuphila kunokukunceda uqonde ngcono ulwimi.
5. Watch yakuza media. Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikwi-intanethi, kubandakanya iinkqubo zikanomathotholo KUNYE nemiboniso YETV, efumaneka ngolwimi.
6. Visit Yakuza Ukuchitha ixesha kwingingqi kuya kukunika ithuba lokuzicwilisela kulwimi kwaye unxibelelane nezithethi zomthonyama.