Yakut Welsh Guqulela

I-Yakut lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi kumantla mpuma Erashiya. Njengoko olu lwimi lusandul ' ukwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni, kusekho imfuneko ebalulekileyo yeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyakut. Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ukubaluleka kokuguqulela kwi-Yakut kwaye sixoxe ngemiceli mngeni enxulumene nale nkqubo.

Ulwimi Lweyakut aluthethwa Kuphela Erashiya, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe Afana Nemongolia, Ichina Nekazakhstan. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imfuno yamazwe ngamazwe yeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyakut kunye nasekhaya. Eyona njongo iphambili yokuguqulela nokuvela Eyakut kukuvala izikhewu zeelwimi ukuze kuququzelelwe unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama nabanye abachaphazelekayo. Iinguqulelo nazo ziyafuneka kumaxwebhu asemthethweni, izivumelwano zozakuzo, izixhobo zemfundo, imithombo yeendaba kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nenkcubeko, kunye namanye amaxwebhu.

Xa kuziwa ekuguquleleni nasekusukeni, kukho imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Okokuqala, kukho umbuzo wokubizwa. Amagama Aqhelekileyo kunye aqhelekanga eneenfayile Yadav. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba abaguquleli baqhelane nezi nguqulelo zengingqi ukuze baqinisekise ukuchaneka. Omnye umceli mngeni kukuba amagama amaninzi aneentsingiselo ezininzi kuxhomekeke kumxholo asetyenziswa kuwo. Oku kwenza kube nzima ngabaguquleli ukuba baqonde intsingiselo echanileyo yegama okanye ibinzana, besenza ukuchana kubaluleke ngakumbi.

Nangona kukho imiceli mngeni enxulumene nokuguqulela ukuya nokubuya kwi-Yakut, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo. Njengoko ulwimi Lweyakut luqhubeka lufumana ukwamkelwa, kuya kubaluleka ngakumbi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo ezisuka Kwiyakut zikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zichanekile. Iinguqulelo ezisemgangathweni zibalulekile ekugcineni incoko yenkcubeko ephumelelayo kunye nonxibelelwano, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama abaneenkcubeko ezihlala zihlelelekile.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwaseyakut?

Ulwimi Lweyakut luthethwa Erashiya, Echina Nasemongolia.

Ziziphi iilwimi Zeyakut?

Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluvela Kwicaspian subgroup yeelwimi Ezisenyakatho-Ntshona Yeturkey. Kuthethwa ngabantu abangama-500,000 Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasesaka yaserussia, ikakhulukazi kwi-lena River drainage basin kunye ne-tributaries yayo. Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lunembali etyebileyo yoncwadi ebuyela emva kuncwadi lokuqala olurekhodiweyo phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-14. Uncwadi lwase-Yakut lwaluphenjelelwe kakhulu kukubhalwa kweembongi Zesufi Ezivela Kumbindi Mpuma Nakumbindi Weasia, kunye nababhali baserussia kunye nababhali abavela Kwi-Imperial Russia. Imisebenzi yokuqala ebhaliweyo Yaseyakut yayiyimibhalo yonqulo, kuquka iinguqulelo zeendinyana Zequranic kunye nomlando Kayusuf Nozulaikha.
Imisebenzi yokuqala yokuqala ebhalwe Kwi-Yakut yabonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kunye nemibongo, amabali amafutshane, kunye neenoveli ezibalisa ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu Base-Yakut. Ababhali baseyakut nabo baqalisa ukuhlola imixholo emikhulu kwimisebenzi yabo, njengomzabalazo wokulwa nobukoloniyali, ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko yemveli Yasesiberia, kunye nengxaki yabantu abacinezelweyo kuloo mmandla. Ngeminyaka yee-1920 neyee-1930, ulwimi Lweyakut lwafumana ukuvuselelwa koncwadi, olukhokelwa ngababhali abanjengoyuri Chegerev, Uanatoly Krotov, Ugennady Titov, Noivan Tazetdinov. Eli xesha labona ukuqhuma kwenani leencwadi ezipapashwe Eyakut, kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kolwimi kumaxwebhu karhulumente nawolawulo.
Namhlanje, ulwimi Lwaseyakut lunandipha ukuvuselelwa phakathi kwezithethi zalo zomthonyama, kuze kupapashwe amaphephandaba namaphephancwadi amaninzi ngolwimi. Kukho kwakhona umdla ukwandisa izifundo Ulwimi Yakut ngaphandle Erashiya, kunye neeyunivesithi ezininzi ezifundisa izifundo ngolwimi.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lweyakut?

1. Uyuri Nikolaevich Vinokurov-ingcali yeelwimi, umbhali-mbali kunye nephilologist; 2. Stepan Georgievich Ostrovsky-Yakut imbongi, playwright, umbhali kunye nomguquleli; 3. U-Oleg Mikhailovich Belyaev - Umgxeki woncwadi kunye nombhali; 4. Liliya Vladimirovna Bagautdinova-Yakut folklorist; 5. Akulina Yeelovna Pavlova-umbhali wesichazi-magama kunye nomphandi wedialectology.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi Yakut?

Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lolwentsapho yolwimi Lwaseturkey kwaye luyinxalenye yeqela Lasenyakatho-Mpuma. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, oko kuthetha ukuba lisebenzisa izimamva ezinokuthi zongezwe kumagama ukudala iintsingiselo ezintsha kunye neefom. I-Yakut ichaphazeleka kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amagama atshintsha ifom yabo kuxhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo kwisivakalisi. Izibizo, izimelabizo, izichazi, kunye nezenzi zonke zifuna ukuphela ukubonisa ifom yazo kuxhomekeke kumxholo.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lweyakut ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana ikopi yencwadi yolwimi Lweyakut okanye isikhokelo somhlohli. Ukusebenza kwezi zifundo kule mathiriyeli yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuba nobuchule kulwimi.
2. Ziqhelise ukuthetha nokuphulaphula. Indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukuziqhelanisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngoko zama ukufumana iqabane lokuncokola ukuze uziqhelanise nalo.
3. Book in Yakuza. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde i-grammar and grammar of language.
4. Funda malunga nenkcubeko kunye nembali yeeyakuts. Ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nabantu kunye nendlela yabo yokuphila kunokukunceda uqonde ngcono ulwimi.
5. Watch yakuza media. Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikwi-intanethi, kubandakanya iinkqubo zikanomathotholo KUNYE nemiboniso YETV, efumaneka ngolwimi.
6. Visit Yakuza Ukuchitha ixesha kwingingqi kuya kukunika ithuba lokuzicwilisela kulwimi kwaye unxibelelane nezithethi zomthonyama.

Inguqulelo yesiwelsh yinkonzo ebalulekileyo kubemi Basewelsh, enika unxibelelwano ngaphakathi nangaphandle kolwimi Lwesiwelsh. Le yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomphakathi wolwimi Lwesixhosa, Kunye Newales xa zizonke.

Njengenye yeelwimi ezindala eziphilayo Eyurophu, Iwelsh inelifa elityebileyo ekufuneka ligcinwe kwaye lihlonitshwe. Ngokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle Kweelwimi, izithethi zomthonyama Zasewelsh zinokuhlala ziyinxalenye yabantu behlabathi, ngelixa zifumana ukufikelela kulwazi kunye nezixhobo ezingafumanekiyo ngolwimi lwazo lweenkobe.

Xa ukhetha inkonzo yokuguqulela Yasewales, kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba inkampani oyikhethayo inamava kwiinguqulelo Zesiwelsh. Kwangaxeshanye, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba nawuphi na umguquleli ubhalisiwe nequmrhu elilawulayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wokuguqulela uphezulu.

Ngokuchaneka, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba umguquleli Wasewelsh uneziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo kunye namava ekuguquleleni ukusuka Kwisingesi ukuya kolunye ulwimi, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Oku kuyakuqinisekisa ukuba nakuphi na ukungangqinelani okanye iimpazamo kuyathintelwa, ukongeza ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inkonzo yokuguqulela ichanekile kwaye ihlaziyiwe ngesigama samva Nje Sasewelsh.

Xa kuziwa ekufumaneni umguquleli Wasewales, zininzi iinkampani kunye neenkonzo ezikhoyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uthenge ngeenxa zonke kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ufumana ixabiso elifanelekileyo lemali, kunye nokujonga iziqinisekiso kunye nodumo lwawo nawuphi na umguquleli.

Ukongeza kwiinguqulelo, kufanelekile ukuqwalasela naziphi na iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo ezinokubonelelwa yinkampani yokuguqulela Yasewales. Umzekelo, iinkampani ezininzi zibonelela ngokufunda, ukuhlela kunye nokufomatha iinkonzo, ezinokuthi zibonakalise ukuba zixabisekile ukuba ungenisa amaxwebhu kudliwanondlebe lomsebenzi obalulekileyo okanye imbalelwano yeshishini.

Ekugqibeleni, i-Welsh translation yinkonzo exabisekileyo evumela izithethi zase-Welsh ukuba zibandakanyeke ngokupheleleyo kwihlabathi elibanzi, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho wolwimi lwazo. Umguquleli othembekileyo nonamava uya kuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaxwebhu Asewelsh anikwa intlonipho ayifaneleyo.

Ngawaphi Amazwe athetha Isijamani?

Ulwimi Lwesiwelsh luthethwa ikakhulu Ewales, nangona kukho ezinye izithethi Zesiwelsh Engilani, Escotland, Eireland nakwamanye amazwe.

Yintoni Imbali Yesingesi?

Kukholelwa ukuba ulwimi Lwase-Welsh luye lwavela Kwi-Brythonic, ulwimi oluthethwa Ebrithani Ngaphambi Kokuhlasela Kwamaroma ngo-ad 43. Ngenkulungwane ye-6, yayisele ikhule Yaba Yi-Old Welsh, eyayisetyenziswa kwimibongo kunye noncwadi kude kube sekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-11. I-Middle Welsh yavela kwinkulungwane ye-12th, ilandelwa Yi-Modern Welsh ngenkulungwane ye-15 neye-16th. Umthetho wolwimi Lwesiwelsh 1993 wanika iwelsh language status Ewales kwaye namhlanje ngaphezu kwe-20% yezithethi Zesiwelsh zisebenzisa ekhaya.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesixhosa?

1. Usanta David (malunga no-500 AD): umxhasi ongcwele Wasewales kunye nomsunguli wee-monasteries ezininzi, ubizwa ngokuba unceda ekusasazeni ulwimi Lwesiwelsh kunye noncwadi lwayo.
2. Uwilliam Salesbury (1520– 1584): wapapasha esinye sezichazi-magama zokuqala Zesiwelsh, Isichazi-Magama Ngesingesi Nesiwelshe (1547), kwaye sasingumntu onegalelo ekudaleni nasekukhuthazeni uhlobo oluqhelekileyo Lwesiwelsh.
3. Udafydd Nanmor (1700-1766): imbongi enempembelelo, wancedisa ekusekeni uncwadi Lwasewales ngokuguqulela imisebenzi yababhali abadumileyo besingesi Kwisiles.
4. I-Lady Charlotte Guest (1812– 1895): uyaziwa kakhulu ngeenguqulelo zakhe zokuqokelelwa kwamabali Asewelsh aziwa ngokuba Yi-Mabinogion.
5. Usaunders Lewis (1893– 1985): imbongi edumileyo yolwimi Lwasewelsh, umbhali wemidlalo, kunye netshantliziyo lezopolitiko, wayengumxhasi ophambili wokwandisa ubume bolwimi Lwasewelsh kunye nenkcubeko phakathi kwabantu Basewelsh.

Ulwakhiwo Njani ulwimi Welsh?

Ulwimi Lwaseburhulumenteni luvela kwisebe Le-Brythonic leelwimi Zesiceltic. Lulwimi oluchaphazeleke kakhulu, ikakhulu luneendlela ezimbini zokudibanisa isenzi kunye nesibizo. Izibizo ze-Welsh ziphawulwe ngesini (ubudoda, ubufazi, kunye ne-neuter) kunye nenani (isinye kunye nesininzi). Izenzi E-Welsh zinamaxesha asibhozo kunye nemiba emine, kwaye zineefom zangaphambili nangaphambili.

Indlela yokufunda Isingesi ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngekhosi yolwimi-Nokuba yikhosi ekwi-intanethi, incwadi okanye iklasi kwikholeji yasekuhlaleni okanye iqela loluntu, ukuthatha ikhosi kunokuba yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokufunda I-Welsh ngendlela eyakhiweyo nechanekileyo.
2. Fumana abahlobo abathetha imveli-Ukuba nezithethi zomthonyama Zasewales onokuziqhelanisa nazo kubaluleke kakhulu ekufundeni ulwimi ngokufanelekileyo.
3. Mamela umculo Wasewales kwaye ubukele I-Tv Yasewales-Ukumamela kunye nokubukela izithethi zomthonyama Zasewales ziya kukunceda uthathe ubizo oluchanekileyo kunye namagama amatsha!
4. Ukufunda iincwadi kunye namaphephandaba Kwi-Welsh-Ukufunda kuyindlela enhle yokwakha isigama kunye nokufumana ukuqonda okungcono kwendlela I-Welsh isebenza ngayo.
5. Ntywiliselwa kwinkcubeko-ulwimi Lwasewelsh lufakwe ngokuqinileyo kwinkcubeko, ke qiniseka ukuba undwendwela Iwales kwaye wonwabele umculo wayo owodwa, iminyhadala, ukutya kunye nemisebenzi.