Isifrentshi Isidanish Guqulela

Isifrentshi sesinye uninzi ethandwa kakhulu iilwimi ehlabathini, kuthethwa nge-izigidi zabantu jikelele iglobhu. Nokuba ungumfundi, ingcali yeshishini, okanye umhambi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ungahamba njani malunga nokuguqulela amaxwebhu kunye nezinye iitekisi kwisifrentshi. Ngokuthatha ixesha lokuguqulela ngokufanelekileyo kwisifrentshi, uya kuba nakho ukunxibelelana ngokulula ngolwimi kwaye uqiniseke ukuba umyalezo wakho uqondwa ngokucacileyo.

Zininzi iindlela zokuguqulela isifrentshi. Inyathelo lokuqala kukufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwesicatshulwa ozama ukusiguqulela. Ukuba usebenza ngenqaku elifutshane okanye umyalezo omfutshane, umzekelo, unokufuna ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokuguqulela kwi-intanethi ukuguqula ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo amagama akho kwisifrentshi. Uninzi lwezixhobo zokuguqulela kwi-intanethi zikhululekile kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa, kwaye iziphumo zinokuchaneka kakhulu phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo.

Ukuba usebenza noxwebhu olude, njengencwadi okanye inqaku elide, nangona kunjalo, unokufuna ukucinga ngokuqesha umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo ukuba enze umsebenzi. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo baneminyaka yamava kwintsimi yabo, kunye neliso elibukhali kwiinkcukacha xa kuziwa ekuqondeni izinto zolwimi. Baya kukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicatshulwa sakho siguqulelwe ngokuchanekileyo, usebenzisa igrama efanelekileyo kunye ne-syntax.

Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa uguqulela isifrentshi lulwimi ekujoliswe kulo. Kwezinye iimeko, amagama asefrentshi kunye namabinzana owasebenzisayo anokungathethi into efanayo kwiintlanga ezithetha isifrentshi. Ngokomzekelo, amagama athile asetyenziswe kwisifrentshi sasekhanada akayi kuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo kwisifrentshi esithethwa kumazwe afana Nefransi, Ibelgium Neswitzerland. Ukuthintela nakuphi na ukudideka okunokubakho phantsi komgca, kububulumko ukujonga kabini isithethi somthonyama okanye wenze uphando olongezelelekileyo lokuba yeyiphi inguqulelo efanelekileyo kubaphulaphuli ojolise kubo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi iprojekthi osebenza kuyo, kubalulekile ukuthatha ixesha lokuphanda ngokucokisekileyo iimfuno zakho zokuguqulela isifrentshi. Ukwenza njalo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wakho ugcinwe ngokuchanekileyo ngolwimi kwaye amazwi akho anikwa intlonipho efanelekileyo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukuba abaphulaphuli bakho abajoliswe kuyo abayiqondi itekisi yakho, ngoko wonke umsebenzi wakho onzima uye wachitha.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isifrentshi?

Isifrentshi sithethwa Efransi, Ecanada (ngakumbi Equebec), Ebelgium, Eswitzerland, Eluxembourg, Emonaco, nakwezinye iindawo Zasemelika (ngakumbi Elouisiana). Isifrentshi lulwimi oluthethwa kakhulu kumazwe Amaninzi Aseafrika, kuquka Ialgeria, Imorocco, Itunisia, Icameroon Necote D'Ivoire.

Ziziphi iintetho zesifrentshi?

Ulwimi lwesifrentshi luvela kulwimi lwesilatini olusetyenziswa Ngamaroma, oluziswa Efransi Ngujulius Caesar kunye namanye amajoni Aseroma. Amafrank, abantu Basejamani, bawoyisa loo mmandla ngenkulungwane yesi-4 neyesi-5 baza bathetha ulwimi olwaziwa Ngokuba Sisifrentshi. Olu lwimi ludityaniswe nesilatini ukwenza oko kwaziwa namhlanje njengesifrentshi Esidala.
Ngenkulungwane ye-11, kwavela uhlobo loncwadi olubizwa ngokuba yitrouvère( troubadour), luqalisa amagama amatsha nolwakhiwo lwezivakalisi oluntsonkothileyo. Olu hlobo lokubhala lwasasazeka Kulo Lonke Elaseyurophu kwaye ngokukhawuleza lwathandwa.
Ngenkulungwane ye-14, isifrentshi sabhengezwa ngokusemthethweni ulwimi lwenkundla kwaye sisetyenziselwa onke amaxwebhu asemthethweni. Iklasi yasebourgeois nayo yaqala ukuthetha isifrentshi endaweni yesilatini kwaye ukhetho lwabo lwamagama lwaqala ukuphembelela ulwimi.
Ngexesha le-1600s, ulwimi lwalusemgangathweni kwaye lwenziwa ngokusesikweni, lusinika ulwimi lwangoku lwesifrentshi. Ngenkulungwane ye-17, I-Academy Francaise yasekwa ngenjongo yokugcina ingqibelelo yolwimi, kwaye ngenkulungwane ye-18 I-Academie yapapasha iseti yayo yokuqala yemithetho yendlela ulwimi kufuneka lusetyenziswe kwaye lupelwe ngayo.
Ulwimi lwesifrentshi luyaqhubeka nokuvela namhlanje, ngamagama amatsha kunye namabinzana amkelwe kwezinye iilwimi kunye neenkcubeko.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesifrentshi?

1. Ufrancois Rabelais (1494-1553): umbhali Odumileyo We-Renaissance osebenzise ulwimi lwesifrentshi waseka indlela entsha yokubhala kwaye wanceda ekusasazeni ulwimi lwesifrentshi kunye nenkcubeko.
2. Victor Hugo (1802-1885): Umbhali Les Misérables, Notre-Dame De Paris, kunye neminye imisebenzi ukuba yathandwa uncwadi isifrentshi waza wanceda ukuphakamisa ulwimi ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
3. Ujean-Paul Sartre( 1905-1980): Ifilosofi kunye nomlobi owanceda ukwazisa isifrentshi ubukho kunye nefuthe kwizizukulwana zabacingisi nabalobi Efransi nangaphaya.
4. Uclaude Lévi-Strauss (1908-2009): I-Anthropologist kunye ne-theorist yezentlalo eyabhala ngokubanzi malunga nenkcubeko yasefransi kwaye yaba negalelo kwi-theory of structuralism.
5. Uferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913): iswitzerland linguist kunye noyise weelwimi zanamhlanje Ezinempembelelo Kwiilwimi Ngokubanzi zisafundwa namhlanje.

Uluphi ulwimi lwesifrentshi?

Ulwimi lwesifrentshi lulwimi Lothando olwenziwe ngeelwimi ezininzi kunye nenkqubo ehlelwe kakhulu kwaye iyalelwe igrama. Inenkqubo entsonkothileyo yokuqina, amaxesha amathathu alula kunye nokuqina kwamacandelo amathandathu abonisa iimpawu zentsingiselo, kunye neemvakalelo ezinje ngokuzithoba kunye nemeko. Ukongeza koku, isifrentshi sikwabonisa iifom ezine eziphambili zesenzi, amazwi amabini, amadoda amabini egrama kunye namanani amabini. Ulwimi lulandela imigaqo engqongqo xa kufikwa kubizo, intetho kunye nesivumelwano phakathi kwamagama ngaphakathi kwesivakalisi.

Indlela yokufunda isifrentshi ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Zibekele usukelo onokulufikelela. Qala ngeziseko kwaye ugxile ekufundeni isakhono esinye ngaphambi kokuqhubela phambili kokulandelayo.
2. Zenzele french Zama ukuphulaphula, ukufunda, ukubukela nokuthetha isifrentshi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
3. Funda amagama amatsha kunye namabinzana yonke imihla. Yenza i-flashcards kunye nokuziqhelanisa ngokuphindaphinda.
4. Ziqhelise rhoqo ukuncokola isifrentshi. Yiba neengxoxo kunye nezithethi zomthonyama okanye usebenzise iiwebhusayithi zokutshintshiselana ngolwimi ukuze uziqhelanise.
5. Get ukwazi isifrentshi inkcubeko. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde ulwimi ngcono kwaye uluxabise ngakumbi.
6. Yonwaba ngayo! Fumana creative, yenza iimpazamo, laugh ngokwakho kwaye khumbula ukuba kutheni nisolko ukufunda isifrentshi kwindawo yokuqala.

Ukuguqulelwa kwesidanish: Isishwankathelo Senkonzo

Idenmark lulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni Lwasedenmark, kwaye ikwathethwa ngesigreenland Nakwiziqithi Zefaroe. Ngenxa yoko, inkonzo yokuguqulela yasedenmark iye yaba sisixhobo esibaluleke ngakumbi kumashishini nakubantu ngokufanayo. Kunye yayo elide kwaye storied imbali, Danish ulwimi lilitye lembombo Danish inkcubeko kunye uchazo, kwaye sele yamkelwe ngamanye amazwe ngokunjalo.

Kwinqanaba layo elisisiseko, inguqulelo yesidanish ibandakanya ukuguqula isicatshulwa ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye. Le nkqubo ifuna abaguquleli abanezakhono abaqonda izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zolwimi lwasedenmark kwaye banokukutolika ngokuchanekileyo oko kuthethwayo. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeenkonzo zokuguqulela ziquka ukuguqulelwa koxwebhu, iwebhusayithi kunye nesoftware yendawo, ukutolikwa kwenkomfa, ukudityaniswa kwendawo, ukukhutshelwa komsindo kunye nevidiyo, kunye noguqulelo olusemthethweni. Ukuchaneka koxwebhu oluguqulelweyo kuxhomekeke kumgangatho womsebenzi womguquleli.

Xa ukhetha umguquleli wasedenmark, kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele inqanaba labo lobuchule kunye namava. Umguquleli kufuneka abe nolwazi kakhulu kuzo zonke iinkalo zolwimi lwasedenmark kwaye abe nokuqonda kwenkcubeko kunye namasiko ahambelana nayo. Kwakhona kufuneka bakwazi ukunikezela ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo uxwebhu lwantlandlolo ngolwimi ekujoliswe kulo.

Ukuguqulelwa kwamaxwebhu, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho wokuguqulela. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amaxwebhu anesigama esinzima somthetho okanye sobugcisa afuna inqanaba eliphezulu lobuchule kunamaxwebhu aqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, umguquleli kufuneka abe nolwazi olukhethekileyo kulo mbandela ukuze aqinisekise ukuchaneka.

Kuba website okanye software localization, kukho izinto ezininzi eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Iwebhusayithi okanye isoftware kufuneka yenziwe ngokwezifiso kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo kwaye ibekwe kwindawo ngolwimi nenkcubeko yabo. Akufuneki kuphela ukuba umxholo uchaneke, kodwa kufuneka kube lula ukuhamba, kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ikholise ngobuhle. Ukongeza, inkqubo yendawo kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo nayiphi na imiba yenkcubeko eya kudibana nabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo.

Ukutolikwa kwenkomfa kufuna itoliki enezakhono ukumamela nokuqonda iincoko phakathi kwabantu ababini nangaphezulu abathetha iilwimi ezahlukeneyo. Itoliki kufuneka ikwazi ukuyitolika ngokuchanekileyo incoko ngelixa igcina ingqibelelo yomyalezo.

I-multimedia yendawo ibandakanya ukuguqulelwa kwezinto ezivakalayo kunye nezibonakalayo kulwimi olujoliswe kuyo. Olu hlobo lokuguqulela lufuna ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo ulwimi lomthombo kunye nolwimi olujoliswe kuyo.

Ukukhutshelwa kweaudiyo kunye nevidiyo kubandakanya ukuthatha ukurekhodwa kweaudiyo kunye nokuziguqula zibe ngumbhalo obhaliweyo. Umguquleli kufuneka abe nokuqonda kakuhle ulwimi olusetyenziswa ekurekhodeni kunye nentsingiselo ekujoliswe kuyo.

Okokugqibela, uguqulelo olusemthethweni lubandakanya ukuguqulelwa kwamaxwebhu asemthethweni afana nezivumelwano, imibhalo yenkundla, izigwebo kunye nemithetho. Abaguquleli kufuneka baqonde isigama esisemthethweni esinxulumene nala maxwebhu kwaye bakwazi ukutolika ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yesicatshulwa.

Ngamafutshane, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zesidanish zivumela iinkampani nabantu ngabanye ukuba banxibelelane ngokufanelekileyo noogxa babo abathetha isidanish. Abaguquleli abanobuchule nabanamava babalulekile kwiinguqulelo eziphumelelayo nakutoliko oluchanileyo. Xa ukhetha umguquleli, amashishini kunye nabantu kufuneka baqwalasele amanqanaba omguquleli wobuchule kunye namava, kunye nohlobo loxwebhu abafuna ukuluguqulela.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasedenmark?

Ulwimi lwasedenmark luthethwa kakhulu Edenmark nakwiindawo Ezithile Zasejamani Nasefaroe Islands. Ikwathethwa ngomlinganiselo omncinci luluntu oluncinci Enorway, Esweden Nasekhanada.

Ziziphi iilwimi zesintu zasedenmark?

Ulwimi lwasedenmark lunembali etyebileyo ethatha ngaphezulu kweminyaka eliwaka, ilandelela imvelaphi yayo emva Kwiilwimi Ezindala Zasenorse kunye nezinye iziyelelane Zasemantla Ejamani. Ngexesha Leviking Age, idanish yayilolona lwimi luthethwa kwindawo ngoku ebizwa Ngokuba Yidenmark nomzantsi Wesweden. Yaqhubeka isetyenziswa njengolwimi olusemthethweni Lwasedenmark kude kube malunga nenkulungwane ye-16 kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe yaguqukela kulwimi lwangoku lwasedenmark. Phakathi kwee-1800, idanish yayilulwimi lwesibini oluthethwa Kakhulu Edenmark emva kwesijamani. Ukususela ngoko, ulwimi luye lwavela ngeenguqu ezininzi ze-phonological, morphological, kunye ne-lexical. Namhlanje, idanish lulwimi lwesizwe zombini Idenmark Kunye Neziqithi Zefaroe, kwaye kuthethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezi-6 emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasedenmark?

1. I-Nfs Grundtvig (1783-1872): eyaziwa ngokuba "Nguyise wedanish Yanamhlanje," Ugrundtvig wabhala ezininzi zeengoma zesizwe Zasedenmark kwaye wancedisa ukubumba ulwimi lwangoku.
2. Uadam Oehlenschläger (1779-1850): imbongi kunye nomdlali wokudlala, ubizwa ngokudala amagama amaninzi asedenmark, afana ne "ørnen" (ukhozi).
3. Urasmus Rask (1787-1832): i-philologist kunye neelwimi, Urask waqulunqa inkqubo yokubhala isidanish eyayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kude kube ngama-1900.
4. Ujacob Peter Mynster (1775-1854): umfundisi Wezakwaluthere kunye nembongi, wabhala ngokubanzi ngesidanish kwaye watyebisa ulwimi ngamagama amatsha kunye namabinzana.
5. I-Knud Holbøl (1909-1969): eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Reformer Of Language Danish," I-Holbøl yayinoxanduva lokuzisa imithetho emitsha kunye nesigama kulwimi.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi Danish?

Ulwimi Lwasedenmark lulwimi Lwasedenmark oluvela emantla Ejamani. I-swedish kwaye Norwegian, nto leyo yenza mutually intelligible ulwimi continuity. Idanish ibonakaliswa yi-morphology elula kunye ne-syntax. Ulwimi ikakhulu I-svo (Into Yesenzi Sesifundo) ngokulandelelana kwegama kwaye inezenzi ezimbalwa kunye namatyala esibizo.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasedenmark ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngeziseko. Qiniseka ukuba ufunda igrama esisiseko, ukubiza, kunye nesakhiwo sesivakalisi sesidanish ngaphambi kokuqhubela phambili kwizihloko ezinzima. Funda iziseko zolwimi olubhaliweyo ngokunjalo ukuze uqonde ukuba amagama abhalwe njani kwaye akhiwe njani xa uwafunda.
2. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezinje ngeencwadi zezifundo, iikhosi ezikwi-intanethi kunye nezifundo zomsindo. Ukutyala imali kwikhosi elungileyo yasedenmark kuya konga ixesha kunye nemali ekuhambeni kwexesha kwaye kukuncede ufunde ulwimi ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
3. Mamela iingxoxo zesidanish kunye nomculo. Ziqhelanise nokuqonda iincoko ngesidanish ngokumamela unomathotholo wasedenmark, iipodcasts, okanye ukubukela iividiyo Zeyoutube. Kwakhona, mamela umculo wasedenmark njengoko uya kukunceda uphucule ukubiza kwakho kunye nokugxininisa.
4. Zikhuphelele eli khadi lomntu osebhayibhileni. Chitha ixesha uhlala Edenmark, nxibelelana rhoqo nezithethi zomthonyama zasedenmark, kwaye ubukele imiboniso kamabonwakude yasedenmark. Ukuzijikeleza ngolwimi kuya kukunceda ukuba ulufunde ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngendlela yendalo.
5. Ziqhelise ukuthetha yonke imihla. Joyina iklabhu yencoko okanye ufumane iqabane lokutshintshiselana ngolwimi ukuze uziqhelanise nokuthetha isidanish rhoqo. Ukuziqhelanisa nomhlohli okwi-intanethi okanye umqeqeshi wolwimi. Oku akuyi kukunceda nje ukuba ukhululeke ngakumbi ukuthetha ulwimi kodwa kuya kuphucula ukubiza kwakho kunye nokukhetha igama.