Isi-Czech Isiswidi Humusha

Isiczech singesinye sezilimi ezithakazelisa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kukhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-10 futhi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko laseczech Republic. Ukusebenzisa inguqulo yesiczech kungaba yindlela enhle yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho, iwebhusayithi, noma ukuxhumana kusendaweni efanele ukuze kufinyelelwe kule makethe ebalulekile.

Ngaphambi kokunquma inkonzo yokuhumusha yesiczech, kubalulekile ukuqonda ubunzima bokuhumusha ngokunembile kusuka esiczech. Okokuqala, isiczech siwulimi Lwesislavic, okusho ukuthi sinesakhiwo saso esiyingqayizivele sohlelo lolimi, izinhlamvu zamagama ezihlukile, nezilimi eziningana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abahumushi kumelwe babe nekhono kokubili olimini lwesiczech nolimi okuhloswe ngalo ukuze bahumushe ngempumelelo.

Uma udinga isevisi enokwethenjelwa yokuhumusha, kufanele ufune inkampani enolwazi nobuchwepheshe ngolimi lwesiczech. Kufanele bakwazi ukunikeza izinguqulo ezinembile nezifanelekile ngokwenkolo. Umhumushi omuhle uyoba nolwazi olujulile ngamasiko endawo ukuze akwazi ukuthola okuqukethwe futhi aqiniseke ukuthi kufanelekile ngokwenkolo.

Izinga lokuhumusha libalulekile nalapho kucatshangelwa inkonzo yokuhumusha yesiczech. Abahumushi kufanele bakwazi ukudlulisa umyalezo ngokucacile nangokunembile, ngaphandle kokuthikameza ithoni noma inhloso yombhalo wokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhumusha kuhlolwa ukuthi kunembile yini umuntu okhuluma isiczech ngaphambi kokuba kushicilelwe.

Ekugcineni, isevisi enhle yokuhumusha yesiczech izonikeza izikhathi zokuguqula ngokushesha. Isikhathi sihlala siyisici uma kuziwa endaweni, ngakho-ke kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi insizakalo oyikhethayo inganikeza isikhathi esibekiwe ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi.

Uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni isiczech, kubalulekile ukuthola inkonzo yobungcweti eqonda ama-nuances olimi namasiko. With the service ilungelo translation, ungakwazi ukuqinisekisa okuqukethwe kwakho ngokunembile localised,ngempumelelo waxhumana, futhi wathola kahle by the czech-abakhuluma.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi lwesiczech?

Ulimi lwesiczech lukhulunywa kakhulu eczech Republic. Kukhona futhi abantu abaningi abakhuluma isiczech e-Austria, Ejalimane, Ehungary, Epoland, Eslovakia Nase-Ukraine. Kukhulunywa futhi inani elincane labantu bakwamanye amazwe, Njenge-Australia, Icanada, Icroatia, Ifrance, I-Italy, Iromania, Iserbia ne-United States.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesiczech?

Ulimi lwesiczech luwulimi Lwesislavonic Sasentshonalanga, oluyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Indo-European. Sihlobene kakhulu nesislovak futhi siwulimi olusemthethweni eczech Republic. Lolu limi luye lwathonywa kakhulu isilatini, isijalimane nesipolish phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.
Ubufakazi bokuqala balolu limi buqala ngekhulu le-10, lapho lwaqala ukubhalwa kulokho manje okuyiczech Republic. Ngaleso sikhathi, lolu limi lwalubizwa ngokuthi Isibohemia futhi lwalukhulunywa kakhulu esifundeni sasebohemia. Phakathi nawo wonke ikhulu le-11 nele-12, yavela Olimini Lwesislavonic Esidala Sesonto, nakuba yayisagcina izici ezithile zolimi lwangempela.
Ekhulwini le-14, ulimi lwesiczech lwaqala ukusetshenziswa ngendlela ebhaliwe futhi kwavela uhlobo lokuqala lolimi, olwaziwa ngokuthi isiczech Esiphakathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ulimi lwathola izinguquko eziningana ngenxa yethonya lesilatini, isijalimane nesipolish futhi kancane kancane lwaba isiczech Sanamuhla.
Ngo-1882, isazi sezilimi saseczech Učeněk Zíbrt sashicilela uhlelo lwaso lolimi lwesiczech, olwaba isisekelo sokwenza ulimi lube olujwayelekile. Kamuva lolu limi lwahlanganiswa Ngaphansi Komthetho wokupela amagama waseczech ka-1943, owasungula ulimi oluvamile olubhaliwe kulo lonke elaseczech Republic.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lolu limi luye lwaqhubeka lukhula futhi luvela, futhi namuhla lukhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-9 eczech Republic naseslovakia.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesiczech?

1. Ujan hus (c.13691415): umshisekeli wezinguquko zenkolo waseczech, isazi sefilosofi, kanye nomfundisi wezenkolo Echarles University Eprague, Ujan hus waba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesiczech. Ukushumayela kwakhe nemibhalo yakhe enethonya kwabhalwa ngesiczech futhi kwasiza ekuqiniseni isimo salo njengolimi olusemthethweni Ebohemia.
2. Uváclavladký (18831949): isazi sezilimi esidumile saseczech kanye noprofesa wezilimi Zamaslav Echarles University Eprague, Uváclavladký wabhala imisebenzi eminingi ngolimi lwesiczech, kufaka phakathi Uhlelo Lolimi Lwesiczech Kanye Nokupela Amagama. Wabuye waba nomthelela omkhulu Emthethweni Wolimi Lukahulumeni Waseczechoslovakia, owamukelwa ngo-1926 futhi usalokhu uyindinganiso esemthethweni yesiczech namuhla.
3. Ubožena němcová (18201862): owaziwa kakhulu ngenoveli Yakhe Ethi Babička (Ugogo), Ubožena němcová wayengumuntu obalulekile emkhankasweni Wokuvuselelwa Kwesizwe saseczech futhi wayephakathi kwababhali bokuqala ukubhala kabanzi ngesiczech. Imisebenzi yakhe yaba nengxenye ekuveleni kolimi lwezincwadi lwesiczech futhi yasiza ekwandiseni ukusetshenziswa kwalo ezincwadini.
4. Ujosef jungmann (17731847): imbongi nesazi sezilimi, Ujosef jungmann waba nengxenye ekwakheni ulimi lwesiczech lwanamuhla. Uhlonishwa ngokuletha amagama amaningi avela kwezinye izilimi, njengesijalimane, isintaliyane nesifulentshi, ngesiczech, futhi wasiza ekumiseni ulimi lwesiczech njengolimi lwezincwadi.
5. Uprokop Diviš (17191765): isazi sezilimi nezilimi eziningi, Uprokop Diviš uthathwa njengomunye wokhokho bezilimi zaseczech. Wabhala kabanzi ngezilimi eziqhathanisayo, uhlelo lolimi, nefonoloji, futhi kuthiwa wasiza ekuguquleni ulimi lwesiczech futhi walwenza lwafaneleka kangcono ekubhaleni okusemthethweni.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesiczech sinjani?

Ulimi lwesiczech luwulimi Lwesislavic Sasentshonalanga, okusho ukuthi lungolomkhaya ofanayo nezinye izilimi Zesislavic ezinjengesipolish, isislovak nesirashiya. Inezici eziningana ezihlukile ezenza ihluke kwezinye izilimi.
Isiczech siwulimi oluguquguqukayo, okusho ukuthi amagama ashintsha isimo sawo kuye ngomsebenzi wawo emshweni. Ibuye ibe nokuhlanganiswa, okusho ukuthi kunezelwa iziqalo nezijobelelo emagameni ukuze kwakheke amagama amasha noma ukuze kuvezwe izincazelo ezihlukile. Isiczech sinezimo eziyisikhombisa(ngokuphambene nesingisi esinezimo ezimbili kuphela, isihloko nento). Lezi zimo eziyisikhombisa zithinta amagama, izabizwana, izimelabizo nezinombolo, futhi zibonisa indima yegama emshweni.
Ekugcineni, isiczech siwulimi olunemisindo eminingi, olunokufana okukodwa kokukodwa phakathi kwamagama abhaliwe nalawo akhulunywayo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukufunda nokubiza amagama, ngisho nangaphandle kokuqonda incazelo yamagama.

Indlela ukufunda ulimi Czech ngendlela efanele kunazo?

1. Start ngokufunda eziyisisekelo lolimi Czech kanye pronunciation. Kunezincwadi eziningi nezinsiza eziku-inthanethi ezitholakalayo ukukusiza ufunde izinto eziyisisekelo zolimi.
2. Gxumela silulumagama. Funda imishwana esemqoka futhi ngokuvamile esetshenziswa amazwi ukuqala ukwakha isisekelo sokuqonda.
3. Inselelo ngokwakho ngezihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhudlwana. Pholisha ulimi lwakho olukhulunywayo nolubhaliwe ngokuzijwayeza imisho eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, amafomu ezenzi, nezikhathi ezihlukahlukene.
4. Lalela izikhulumi zomdabu futhi ubuke amafilimu angaphandle. Ukuze ucije indlela ophimisela ngayo futhi uqonde ulimi ,ore imithombo yezindaba enjengezinhlelo ZE-TV, iziteshi zomsakazo, nama-podcast ukuze uzwe futhi ujwayele ulimi lwesiczech nolimi oluvamile.
5. Chitha isikhathi ezweni elikhuluma isiczech. Lena indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzicwilisa ngokugcwele olimini nasemasikweni. Uma lokhu kungeyona inketho, zama ukuxoxa nabantu abakhuluma isiczech noma ukuxhumana namaqembu noma imiphakathi ekhuluma isiczech.

Isidingo sokuhumusha isiswidi ngokunembile asikaze sibe sikhulu. Kusukela ebhizinisini lamazwe amaningi kuya ezikhungweni zomphakathi, ukuba nokuqonda ulimi namasiko ezwe kuya ngokuya kubaluleke. Njengoba Isweden iqhubeka ingumdlali oyinhloko kwezamabhizinisi nakwezombangazwe zomhlaba wonke, ukuhumusha okuvela esweden kuya kwesinye kuya kubalulekile.

Isiswidi siwulimi Lwesijalimane olunokufana okuningi nezinye izilimi zasescandinavia ezinjengesidanish, isinorway Nesi-Iceland. Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu Escandinavia, ngemva kwesifinnish nesingisi. Isiswidi siwulimi olusemthethweni Esweden, Kanye Nasefinland Naseziqhingini Zase-Åland. Ngaphandle kwesifunda Sasenordic, kukhulunywa futhi abantu abambalwa e-Estonia.

Kulabo abafuna ukuhumusha imibhalo phakathi kwesiswidi nesingisi, akukho esikhundleni somhumushi wesiswidi. Umhumushi okhuluma isiswidi njengolimi lwakhe lokuqala uyoba nokuqonda okujulile kolimi, ama-nuances,, nokwehluka kwalo ezifundeni nasezikhathini. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola umhumushi oneziqu ezifanele nokuhlangenwe nakho.

Uma uqasha umhumushi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bafanelekile futhi baqinisekisiwe ukwenza lo msebenzi. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi zinikeze isicaphuni samahhala sephrojekthi futhi zibhale iziqu zazo nokuhlangenwe nakho kwazo kuwebhusayithi yazo. Ungase futhi ufune ukucela izinkomba ezivela kumakhasimende wangaphambilini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usebenza nochwepheshe.

Uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni isiswidi, ukunemba kuyisihluthulelo. Kufanele futhi ufune umuntu onolwazi ngohlobo oluthile lwedokhumenti okudingeka uyihumushe. Ngokwesibonelo, uma udinga ukuhumusha idokhumenti esemthethweni, kufanele ufune umhumushi onolwazi lokubhekana namagama asemthethweni.

Ezinye izici zokuhumusha okufanele zicatshangelwe zihlanganisa ifomethi yedokhumenti nesikhathi sephrojekthi. Makeiseka ukuthi ubuza umhumushi wakho ukuthi unazo yini izicelo ezikhethekile kusengaphambili, njengezidingo ezithile zokufometha noma izintandokazi zolimi.

Kulabo ababhekene nokuhumusha isiswidi, kubalulekile ukuthola umhumushi ofanelekayo nonolwazi onganikeza imiphumela enembile. Ngomhumushi onokwethenjelwa, amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imibhalo yabo ihunyushwa ngokunembile nangokomsebenzi.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi lwesisweden?

Isiswidi sikhulunywa kakhulu esweden nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasefinland. Kukhulunywa Nase-Estonia, Elatvia, Enorway, Edenmark, e-Iceland, nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasejalimane, kanye nasemiphakathini yasesweden ehlala Enyakatho Melika, e-Australia nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesisweden?

Ulimi lwesisweden lunomlando ocebile futhi ohlukahlukene. Imibhalo yokuqala yesisweden iqala ngekhulu lesi-8 lapho yayisetshenziswa abantu abakhuluma isiswidi empumalanga Yesweden nasesifundeni Sasebaltic. Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, isiswidi savela Olimini Lwesinorse Esidala, ulimi oluvamile Lwesijalimane Lwenkathi Yamaviking. Imibhalo yokuqala yesisweden yabhalwa ngekhulu le-12, lapho isisweden Esidala sasisetshenziswa emithethweni yezomthetho nasekuhumusheni imibhalo yenkolo. Ekhulwini le-16, isiswidi saba ulimi olusemthethweni Esweden Nasefinland futhi sasetshenziswa kabanzi kuyo yonke inhlonhlo Yasescandinavia, saziwa ngokuthi Irikssvenska noma isiswidi Esivamile. Ngekhulu le-18, yayiselulelwe njengolimi oluvamile kulo lonke elasenyakatho Yurophu futhi yayisetshenziswa nasezincwadini, ikakhulukazi ezincwadini zothando nasezinkondlweni. Namuhla, isiswidi sikhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-10 Esweden, Efinland Naseziqhingini Zase-Åland. Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezisemthethweni Ze-European Union.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesisweden?

1. Ugustav vasa (14961560) – Owayebhekwa Njengomsunguli wesweden yanamuhla, wayephethe ukwethula ulimi lwesisweden njengolunye lwezilimi ezisemthethweni zikahulumeni nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kolimi phakathi kwabantu.
2. U – Erik XIV (15331577) - wenza uhlelo lolimi lwesisweden kanye nesakhiwo salo, wasiza ekuthuthukiseni izincwadi ezicacile zesisweden futhi waqhubekisela phambili ukwanda kokufunda Nokubhala Esweden.
3. Ujohan iii (15681625) – ngokuyinhloko wayephethe ukwenza ulimi lwesisweden lube ulimi olusemthethweni Esweden futhi waqinisa nendawo yalo ohlelweni lwezifundo ezikoleni zasesweden.
4. Ucarl Linnaeus (17071778) – wasungula uhlelo lokuhlukanisa izitshalo nezilwane okwaba yisisekelo sokuhlukaniswa Kukalinnaeus, okusasetshenziswa kabanzi nanamuhla. Uphinde adunyiswe ngokufaka amagama amaningi abolekiwe olimini lwesisweden.
5. U – August Strindberg (18491912) - umbhali onethonya, wayengomunye wamaphayona ezincwadi zesimanje zasesweden futhi wasebenza ukunciphisa amagama nemishwana yakudala yasesweden ukuze athande ulimi oluqondile.

Ulimi lwesisweden lwakhiwa kanjani?

Ulimi lwesisweden luwulimi Lwasenyakatho Jalimane, oluyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Indo-European. Ihlobene kakhulu nesinorway nesidenmark, futhi ihlobene kakhulu nesingisi nesijalimane. Isakhiwo solimi sisekelwe ekuhlelekeni kwamagama esihloko-isenzo-into, futhi sinobulili obubili (obungathathi.futhi obuvamile) nezimo ezintathu zamagama (isibizo, isibizo, nesandulela). Isiswidi sisebenzisa futhi ukuhleleka kwamagama Okungu-V2 okusho ukuthi isenzo sihlala sibonakala endaweni yesibili emshweni oyinhloko.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesisweden ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thola isichazamazwi omuhle Swedish kanye incwadi yezisho. Ngokujwayelana nesilulumagama sesisweden nemishwana evamile, kuyokwenza ukufunda ulimi kube lula.
2. Lalela umculo Swedish futhi ubuke amafilimu Swedish. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho okulalela nokukhuluma.
3. Thatha izifundo wabasaqalayo in Swedish. Ukufunda kumfundisi onolwazi kuzokusiza ufunde ulimi ngendlela efanele, futhi kukunikeze ithuba lokuzijwayeza nabakhuluma ulimi lwendabuko.
4. Sebenzisa umthombo online like Duolingo noma Babbel. Lezi zingosi zinikeza izifundo ezisebenzisanayo ongazisebenzisa ukuze uzijwayeze ukukhuluma, ukubhala nokulalela ngesisweden.
5. Thola umuntu ukuzijayeza. Khuluma isiswidi nomngani noma ilungu lomndeni osevele ekhuluma, noma uthole isikhulumi bomdabu online ongakusiza ukuzijayeza.
6. Vakashela Esweden. Gxila olimini ngokuvakashela Esweden. Lokhu kuzokunikeza ithuba lokusebenzisa ngenkuthalo lokho okufundile futhi uthathe ulimi lwendawo nokugcizelela.