Bulgarian Azerbaijani Guqulela

Ukwazisa

Ibulgaria inolwimi olwahlukileyo kunye nenkcubeko exabiseke kakhulu. Isibulgaria lulwimi Lwaseslavic Kwaye sithethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-9 emhlabeni jikelele. Kule minyaka idlulileyo, iye yathandwa phakathi kwabantu abahlala ngaphandle Kwebulgaria abanomdla wokufunda ulwimi kunye nokusebenzisa izibonelelo ezininzi ezinikezelayo. Ngokunyuka kokudityaniswa kwehlabathi kunye nokwanda konxibelelwano phakathi kwamazwe, ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela zasebulgaria kuye kwabaluleka ngakumbi.

Imbali Yenguqulelo yasebulgaria

Ulwimi lwasebulgaria lubuyela kwinkulungwane ye-9 xa lwaziswa Ngamaproto-Bulgarians njengenxalenye yokwandiswa kwabo kulo mmandla. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ibulgaria yaqala ukusasazeka kwaye ekugqibeleni yaba lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwenqununu Yasebulgaria ngo-1878. Emva Kwemfazwe YEHLABATHI II, ulwimi lwaqhubeka luguquka kwaye lwaba lulwimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabhlikhi Yabantu Basebulgaria ngo-1946.

Namhlanje, isibulgaria lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasebulgaria kwaye lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwe-European Union. Kuthethwe ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezili-11 Ebulgaria nakwezinye iindawo Kwiibalkans nakwimimandla emininzi yabaphambukeli kwihlabathi liphela. Ngenxa yoko, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zifunwa kakhulu ukwenzela ukubonelela unxibelelwano olusebenzayo phakathi kwabantu abathetha iilwimi ezahlukeneyo.

Iingenelo Zenguqulelo yesibulgaria

Ukuguqulela amaxwebhu kwibulgaria kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kumashishini anabathengi okanye amaqabane athetha ulwimi. Ukuguqulela izinto zentengiso kunye neewebhusayithi kwibulgaria kunokunceda iinkampani ukuba zifikelele kubaphulaphuli ngokubanzi kwaye zakhele ubudlelwane nabathengi abanokubakho kulo mmandla. Inokunceda amashishini ukuba akhe ukuthembana phakathi kwabantu ekujoliswe kubo ngokudlulisa umyalezo wokuba bayaluqonda kwaye bayaluhlonipha ulwimi nenkcubeko yabantu abazama ukufikelela kubo. Ngokufikelela kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo, amashishini anokufumana ukuqonda okungcono kwabathengi bawo kunye nokwandisa amathuba okuphumelela kwimarike yasebulgaria.

Ngaphezu koko, ngokwanda kwenani labaphambukeli abavela Ebulgaria, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zinokunceda ekuququzeleleni unxibelelwano olulula phakathi kwabantu abavela kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukuguqulela amaxwebhu ezonyango, izivumelwano, kunye nezinye iifom ezisemthethweni ebulgaria kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu obandakanyekayo uyaluqonda olu xwebhu kwaye lwaziswa ngokuchanekileyo. Ekugqibeleni, ukuguqulela amaxwebhu kwisibulgaria kunokunceda ukugcina ulwimi kunye nenkcubeko yabantu abathetha isibulgaria.

Isiphelo

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasebulgaria zifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokudityaniswa kwehlabathi kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwamazwe. Ezi nkonzo zinokuba luncedo kumashishini ajonge ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli ababanzi kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane nabathengi abanokubakho kwingingqi, kunye nabaphambukeli abafuna uncedo lokuququzelela unxibelelwano olulula phakathi kweenkcubeko. Ukongeza kwezi zibonelelo zisebenzayo, ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo kunokunceda ukugcina ulwimi kunye nenkcubeko yabantu abathetha isibulgaria.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isibulgaria?

Ulwimi lwesibulgaria luthethwa ikakhulu Ebulgaria, kodwa ikwathethwa nakwamanye amazwe afana Neserbia, Imontenegro, Emantla Emacedonia, Iromania, Iukraine, Neturkey, kunye noluntu oluncinci lwasebulgaria kwihlabathi liphela.

Ziziphi iilwimi zesibulgaria?

Ulwimi lwesibulgaria lunembali ende kwaye eyahlukileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba yaziswa kuqala kwingingqi yasebulgaria yanamhlanje ngekhulu le-7 AD Yibulgars, eyayingabantu Baseturkey abahlala kwindawo ngoku eyirussia. Ulwimi ababeluthetha lwalubizwa Ngokuba Yi-Old bulgaria okanye I-Old Chuvash, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba luvela kwiilwimi ezithethwa Yi-Huns, eyayihlasele le ndawo ngekhulu le-4.
Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ulwimi Lwebulgars ludityaniswe neelwimi Zeslavic zabantu bomthonyama, ngakumbi Impuma Yeslavic iilwimi, kubandakanya imacedonia nesiserbia. Lo mxube waziwa Ngokuba sisibulgaria Samaxesha Aphakathi, esasineefom ezimbini ezibhaliweyo: Islavonic Yecawa, ulwimi loncwadi olusetyenziswa Yicawa Yobuothodoki, kunye nolwimi loncwadi lwesibulgaria, olwavela kuhlobo oluthethwayo lwesibulgaria.
Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesibulgaria sanamhlanje luye lwavela, luthathe Indawo Yecawa Yeslavonic kunye nolwimi lokubhala lwasebulgaria. Ukutyhubela inkulungwane ye-19 neye-20, ulwimi lwasebulgaria lwaphuculwa kakhulu, ekugqibeleni lwaba lulwimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabhlikhi yanamhlanje Yasebulgaria ngo-1945.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesibulgaria?

1. Ucyril Nomethodius 2. Tsar Simeon Wasebulgaria 3. Paisius ka Hilendar 4. Ukonstantin Wasepreslav 5. Ivan Shishman wasebulgaria

Uluphi ulwimi lwasebulgaria?

Ubume bebulgaria bufana nolunye ulwimi Lweslavic. Lulwimi olusebenzayo, olunezibizo kunye nezichazi ezineziphelo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwazo kwisivakalisi. Izenzi nazo zineziphelo ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwixesha kunye nomntu. Njengezinye iilwimi Zeslavic, ibulgaria inamatyala amathandathu kwizibizo, izimelabizo, kunye nezichazi: ukutyunjwa, ukutyhola, i-dative, i-instrumental, prepositional, kunye ne-vocative. Umyalelo wegama ngokuqhelekileyo Isihloko-Isenzi-Into kodwa ingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo sesivakalisi okanye ugxininiso.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasebulgaria ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Thatha Ikhosi Yolwimi lwasebulgaria: Ukuthatha ikhosi yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokufunda isibulgaria. Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwikhosi yakho, qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke iiklasi kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo.
2. Sebenzisa Izixhobo Ezikwi-Intanethi: zininzi izibonelelo ezibalaseleyo ezikwi-intanethi ezifumanekayo ukukunceda ufunde isibulgaria. Iisayithi ezininzi zibonelela ngezifundo ezisebenzisanayo kunye nemisebenzi, amaphepha okusebenzela akhutshelweyo kunye neefayile zomsindo, kunye neenkcazo ezineenkcukacha zemithetho yegrama. Ezinye websites nkqu kunikela live incoko kunye native isijamani speakers.
3. Zenzele: Ukuntywiliselwa kubalulekile ekufundeni ulwimi. Zama ukufumana abahlobo basebulgaria okanye uzibhaptize kwinkcubeko Yasebulgaria. Mamela unomathotholo wasebulgaria kwaye ubukele iimovie zasebulgaria, mamela umculo kwaye ufunde iincwadi ngesibulgaria kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
4. Ukuziqhelanisa, Ukuziqhelanisa: Nje Ukuba ufunde iziseko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenzile kukuqhubeka nokuziqhelanisa! Qiniseka ukuba uthetha isibulgaria kangangoko kunokwenzeka kunye nezithethi zomthonyama kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezikwi-intanethi ukugcina inkqubela yakho.

Inguqulelo ye-Azerbaijani yintsimi ebalulekileyo yenkonzo yeelwimi, njengoko ilizwe ngokwalo liguqule i-hybrid ekhethekileyo yeelwimi kunye neenkcubeko ezithandwayo phakathi kwabahambi bamazwe ngamazwe. Iazerbaijan ithathwa njengendlela yeelwimi Ezininzi Zasempuma Yurophu Kunye Ne-Central Asia, okwenza iinkonzo zokuguqulela iazerbaijan zibalulekile kumashishini afuna ukunxibelelana nommandla.

Iazerbaijani lulwimi lwengingqi oluthethwa ngabantu abaqikelelwa kwizigidi ezili-10 Emzantsi Caucasus Nakumbindi Weasia, ngakumbi Kwiriphabhlikhi Yaseazerbaijan. Inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nesiturkey kwaye ithethwa ngokubanzi kwezinye iindawo zesoviet Union. Iazerbaijani lulwimi olusemthethweni kumazwe aliqela kubandakanya Iazerbaijan, Irussia, Ibelarus,Imoldova, Ikazakhstan Nekyrgyzstan, isenza ulwimi olubalulekileyo ukuqonda ukuba uceba ukwenza ishishini kulo mmandla.

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezenza inguqulelo yesiazerbaijani yahluke kwezinye iintlobo zeenguqulelo. Iazerbaijani lulwimi oluntsonkothileyo olubandakanya iinkqubo ezimbini zokubhala kunye neelwimi ezimbini eziqondakalayo. Oku kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kubaguquleli abasebenza phakathi kweazerbaijani nezinye iilwimi, kuba ulwimi ngalunye luneenkcukacha zalo kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngokomzekelo, izibizo zaseazerbaijani zineenguqulelo ezintathu (ubudoda, ubufazi kunye ne-neuter) ezinokuba yinkohliso kwizithethi ezingezizo ezomthonyama. Ngaphezu koko, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthetha into efanayo ngokuxhomekeke kumxholo, ngoko ukuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo nangempumelelo kuthetha ukukwazi ukubamba ithoni efanelekileyo kunye nezinto zenkcubeko.

Iazerbaijani inxulumene kakhulu nesiturkey, kwaye amagama amaninzi kunye neengcamango zabelwana phakathi kwabo. Oku kwenza kube lula kubaguquleli abaqheleneyo naluphi na ulwimi ukuba bathathe olunye, kubavumela ukuba basebenze kwiinguqulelo phakathi kweazerbaijani nesiturkey.

Nokuba uhamba okanye wenza ishishini kulo mmandla, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaseazerbaijani zinokukunceda ufumane okuninzi kumava akho. Ngokusebenzisana nezithethi ezinamava zomthonyama zazo zombini iilwimi, unokuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo wakho udluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo nangobungcali, ukukunceda ukuba uhlale unxibelelene nemarike yendawo kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane obunenzuzo kumacala omabini.

Ziziphi iilwimi zesiazerbaijan?

Ulwimi lwesiazerbaijani luthethwa ikakhulu Eazerbaijan nakwinxalenye Ye-Iran, kodwa ikwathethwa kumazwe afana Nerussia, Iturkey, I-Iraq, Igeorgia, Kunye Nesiriya.

Ziziphi iilwimi zesiazerbaijan?

Imbali yolwimi lwaseazerbaijani ibuyela kwikhulu le-8 AD xa iintlanga Zaseoghuz (Eturkic) zaqala ukuhlala Ecentral Asia. Ngenkulungwane ye-13, Iazerbaijan yaba liziko eliphambili lenkcubeko nolwimi lwamapersi kuwo wonke loo mmandla. Ngexesha leemfazwe zamarussia namapersi ngenkulungwane ye-19, ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lwesiazerbaijani kwacinezelwa ekuthandeni ulwimi lwaserussia Bubukhosi baserussia. Emva kokuwa KWE-USSR, Iazerbaijan yabhengeza ukuzimela kwayo kwaye ulwimi lwaseazerbaijan lwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni njengolwimi olusemthethweni lwelizwe.
Ukususela ngoko, iazerbaijani iye yatyhubela iinguqulelo eziliqela nemigaqo-nkqubo yolwimi eyenziweyo ukuze kugcinwe ulwimi luphilile kuze kuphuculwe umgangatho walo. Oku kukhokelele ekuvuselelweni kolwimi, ngoku oluthethwa zizigidi zabantu Eazerbaijan, nakwamanye amazwe akulo mmandla, Njengeturkey, Igeorgia Neiran. Ngaphezu koko, iazerbaijani nayo iya isiba lulwimi oluthandwayo kumazwe ngamazwe ehlabathini lonke.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesiazerbaijani?

1. Umirza Fatali Akhundov - wayengumlobi waseazerbaijani, umbhali wokudlala, ifilosofi kunye notitshala. Imisebenzi yakhe yayinempembelelo ekuvukeni kwesizwe kweazerbaijani ngasekupheleni kwe19th nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20.
2. Umama Wathi Ordubadi-uthathwa njengoyise weencwadi zanamhlanje zaseazerbaijani, kunye noovulindlela bayo abadumileyo.
3. Umuhammad Fizuli-wayeyimbongi yaseazerbaijani yenkulungwane ye-16. Ubizwa ngokuba ngumsunguli weencwadi zakudala zaseazerbaijani.
4. Urasul Rza - wayengoyena mntu uphambili kuphuhliso lolwimi lwaseazerbaijani ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Wayebandakanyeka kakhulu kwi-azerbaijan language movement kwaye waba negalelo ekudaleni i-alfabhethi kuyo.
5. Unizami Ganjavi-wayeyimbongi yasepersi yenkulungwane ye-12 eyayisaziwa ngokubanzi njengenye yeembongi zothando kakhulu kuzo zonke iincwadi. Wabhala ngesipersi nesiazerbaijani, kwaye eminye imisebenzi yakhe yaguqulelwa kwezinye iilwimi ezifana nesifrentshi nesirashiya. I-biography yakhe yaba nefuthe elikhulu kwinkcubeko yaseazerbaijan.

Njani ulwimi azerbaijan?

Ulwimi lwesiazerbaijani lunesakhiwo esimbaxa. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, oko kuthetha ukuba longeza izimamva kwisiseko segama ukubonisa utshintsho kwintsingiselo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-agglutination. Umzekelo," yaz - " (bhala) iba "yaz-m" (ndibhala). Iazerbaijani ikwabandakanya ukuvisisana kwezikhamiso, apho amagama kunye nezikhamiso kufuneka zivumelane ngezikhamiso ezithile ezisekwe kwindawo yazo kwigama. Iazerbaijani inamadoda amabini, amatyala amathathu kunye namaxesha asixhenxe.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwaseazerbaijani ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokuziqhelanisa nealfabhethi. I-Azerbaijani isebenzisa i-alfabhethi yesilatini esekelwe kwisilatini, equlethe iileta ezingama-33.
2. Fumana incwadi yesifundo okanye isikhokelo sokufunda kwi-intanethi ukuze ufunde iziseko zolwimi. Igrama, isakhiwo sesivakalisi, kunye nesigama zibalulekile ekuqondeni ulwimi.
3. Zikhuphelele eli khadi lomntu osebhayibhileni. Mamela ukurekhodwa kwe-Azerbaijani, bukela iividiyo kunye neemovie e-Azerbaijani, kwaye wenze umzamo wokuyithetha kwincoko.
4. Ziqhelise rhoqo. Qiniseka ukuba uhlolisisa uze wenze nantoni na oyifundileyo. Ukusebenza kwimithambo kunye nokuzibandakanya kwiingxoxo kunye nezithethi zomthonyama kuya kunceda ukuqinisa ulwazi lwakho.
5. Sebenza nomfundisi. Umhlohli unokukunceda ufunde ngesantya sakho kwaye uvavanye inkqubela yakho. Banokubonelela ngesikhokelo kwaye baphendule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo.
6. Sebenzisa izibonelelo ezikwi-intanethi. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo ezikwi-intanethi kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo ezinokuthi zongezelele izifundo zakho.