Sinhalese Macedonian Guqulela

Inguqulelo yesinhalese iye yabaluleka ngakumbi kule minyaka idlulileyo njengoko abantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela beye bachanabeka kulwimi nakwinkcubeko yalo. Isinhalese ithethwa ikakhulu Esri Lanka, kodwa ikwasetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe Afana Neindiya, Isingapore, Kunye Ne-Bangladesh. Ukuze ukwazi ukuthetha nabantu abantetho Isisinhalese, kufuneka iinguqulelo ezichanileyo nezithembekileyo.

Inyathelo lokuqala lokufumana uguqulelo oluhle Lwesinhalese kukufumana umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo. Umguquleli kufuneka abe nakho ukubonelela ngeenguqulelo zolwimi oluchanekileyo nolufanelekileyo ngokwenkcubeko nangayiphi na injongo. Iinkampani ezithembekileyo zinokufumaneka kwi-intanethi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba umguquleli owukhethayo unamava amaninzi kulwimi oluguqulela ukusuka nokuya kulo.

Kukwabalulekile ukucacisa ngokuchanekileyo umongo wenguqulelo, ukuze umguquleli abe nalo lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukubonelela ngenguqulelo esebenzayo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukubonelela ngolwazi ngemvelaphi ngenjongo yokubhaliweyo, abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo, kunye nasiphi na isigama esifanelekileyo okanye amabinzana athile ekufuneka esetyenzisiwe.

Xa umguquleli enolwazi oluyimfuneko kunye nezakhono zolwimi, inkqubo yokuguqulela yangempela ingaqala. Kuxhomekeke kubude kunye nokuntsonkotha kwesicatshulwa esiguqulelweyo, oku kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi okanye nangaphezulu. Emva kokuba uguqulelo lugqityiwe, kubalulekile ukuba uphonononge isicatshulwa esiguqulelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokungqinelana nesicatshulwa santlandlolo.

Ngomguquleli ofanelekileyo, uguqulelo olusemgangathweni Lwesinhalese lunokunceda ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye lwenze unxibelelwano lube lula. Ngokuthatha ixesha lokufumana umguquleli ofanelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umguquleli unalo lonke ulwazi olufunekayo ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo, unokuqiniseka ukuba uguqulelo luya kuchaneka, lufanelekile ngokwenkcubeko kwaye luthembeke.

Ngawaphi Amazwe athetha Isinhalese?

Ulwimi Lwesinhalese luthethwa Esri Lanka nakwezinye iindawo Zaseindiya, Emalaysia, Esingapore Nasethailand.

Ziziphi iilwimi Zesisinhalese?

Ulwimi Lwesinhalese luvela Kwi-Indo-Aryan language, Pali. Kwakuthethwa ngabahlali kwisiqithi sasesri Lanka ukususela malunga nekhulu le-6 BC. Isri lanka ngokwayo yayisisazulu Sobubuddha, esathonya kakhulu ukuphuhliswa kolwimi Lwesisinhalese. Ngokufika kwabarhwebi besiphuthukezi nabasedatshi ngenkulungwane ye-16, olu lwimi lwaqalisa ukufunxa amagama angaphandle, ingakumbi lawo anxulumene norhwebo. Oku kwaqhubeka ngenkulungwane ye-19, kwafakwa amagama esingesi Nawesitamil Kwisisinhalese. Kule mihla, Isinhalese ibekwe emgangathweni ngeendlela ezimbini zoncwadi: Isinhala Wijesekara Kunye Nesinhala Kithsiri. Ubume bayo obusemthethweni Esri Lanka buguqukile kunye nenqanaba layo lezopolitiko, yaba yenye yeelwimi ezintathu ezisemthethweni kweli lizwe ngo-2018.

Ngoobani abantu aba-5 abaphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesisinhalese?

1. U-Ananda Coomaraswamy-umphengululi Wasesri Lanka owabhala izincoko ezininzi kulwimi lwasesinhalese kunye nenkcubeko efana ne "Imbali Ebalulekileyo Yoncwadi Lwesinhalese" kunye ne "Sinhalese Grammar Kunye Nokwakheka Ngokoqobo".
2. I-Baddegama Wimalawansa Thero-umonki Wasebuddhist kunye nomphengululi owaziwayo We-Pali owayenoxanduva lokuvuselela ukusetyenziswa kwepali kwiincwadi Zesinhalese kwaye wafundisa Upali kubafundi abaninzi.
3. Uwalisingha Harischandra-umbhali weprolific kunye novulindlela weencwadi zanamhlanje Zesinhalese wabhala imisebenzi efana Ne "Vessanthara Jataka", "Suriyagoda", kunye ne "Kisavai Kavi".
4. Gunadasa Amarasekara-Yamkela inkqubo ye "Grammari Cunchu" yopelo lolwimi lwesisinhalese lwangoku kwaye yabhala iinoveli ezifana ne" Beehive "kunye ne"Road From Elephants Pass".
5. U-ediriwera Sarachchandra-umculi ohamba phambili obhala imidlalo efana ne "Maname" kunye ne"Sinhabahu" kwaye wayaziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwakhe kolwimi Lwesihala kunye nesitayela sokubhala.

Njani ulwimi Lwesisinhalese?

Isinhalese lulwimi Lwase-Indo-Aryan oluthethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezili-16 Esri Lanka, ikakhulu luhlanga Lwasesinhala. Ulwimi lwakhiwe ukuze isilayidi ngasinye sibe nesikhamiso esivela ngaphakathi-mhlawumbi / a/, / ɔ / okanye/ɯ/. Amagama ayenziwa ngokudibanisa amaqabane nezikhamiso, kunye namaqabane aqhelekileyo. Olu lwimi lunempembelelo enamandla Kwi-Pali kunye Nesisanskrit, kunye namagama abolekwe kwisiphuthukezi, isidatshi nesingesi. I-Sinhalese ilandela i-subject-object-verb (sov) umyalelo wegama, kwaye inenkqubo etyebileyo yokuhlonipha kunye nokumakisha intlonipho.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwesinhalese ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Funda igrama kunye nesakhiwo solwimi Lwesisinhalese. Ziqhelanise neenxalenye ezahlukeneyo zentetho njengezibizo, izibhengezo, izenzi, izichazi, izibhengezo, izibhengezo, njl.
2. Fumana incwadi elungileyo yolwimi Lwesisinhalese onokuyisebenzisa njengereferensi ngelixa ufunda. Khangela iincwadi ezigubungela izihloko ezifana nezenzi, izibizo, amaxesha kunye nezicatshulwa.
3. Fumana isithethi somthonyama solwimi onokuziqhelanisa nalo. Ukuba nomntu othetha ulwimi ngokutyibilikayo kunokukunceda ufunde amagama amatsha kunye namabinzana ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.
4. Funda isigama Sesinhalese. Thatha ixesha lokuziqhelanisa namagama Esinhalese kunye nendlela asetyenziswa ngayo. Khangela amagama akho kwisichazi-magama uze uwabhale phantsi.
5. Fumana Uluhlu lwamagama Egama Sinhal. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uqhelane nesandi solwimi kwaye ufumane ukuqonda kwesivakalisi kunye nokubiza.
6. Sebenzisa iteknoloji ukuze uzuze. Zininzi iiwebhusayithi eziluncedo, iiapps kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukunceda ufunde ulwimi. Sebenzisa kwaye uza kukwazi ukufunda Sinhalese akukho xesha.

Inguqulelo yasemacedonia yinkonzo eyimfuneko eqeshiweyo xa ujonge ukunxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo ngolwimi lwasemacedonia. Ulwimi Lweslavic, oluthethwa kakhulu Emantla Emakedoni kwaye lolunye lweelwimi ezisemthethweni zelizwe. Abantu bahlala befuna iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasemacedonia xa befuna ukunxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nangempumelelo nabathengi, oogxa, okanye amaqabane oshishino ngolwimi.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasemacedonia zinikezelwa ziinkampani ezininzi zokuguqulela ezijolise ekuguquleleni amaxwebhu, iiwebhusayithi, kunye nezinye izinto kwisimacedonia. Abaguquleli abaziingcali banokuguqulela zonke iintlobo zamaxwebhu, kubandakanya amaxwebhu asemthethweni nawemali, ukuthengisa okanye izinto zeshishini, amaxwebhu obuchwephesha kunye nokunye. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zinokudala umxholo wendawo kubaphulaphuli abathetha imacedonia. Xa kuziwa ekuhlaleni kwewebhusayithi, abaguquleli abaziingcali baqinisekisa ukuba iwebhusayithi eguqulelweyo ijongeka kwaye ivakalelwa njengomthombo wokuqala. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banamava amnandi xa bekhangela iwebhusayithi ngolwimi lwabo lwenkobe.

Uguqulelo oluchanileyo nolusebenzayo lwesimakedoni lufuna ulwazi olunzulu ngolwimi nenkcubeko yalo. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo basebenzisa inkqubo engqongqo yokukhetha ngaphambi kokuba baqeshwe ukugqiba iprojekthi yokuguqulela. Le projekthi ikwajongwa ngocoselelo ngabahleli ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka. Abaguquleli abaziingcali baqhelene nemibono yolwimi, enceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inguqulelo ayichananga nje kuphela, kodwa ikwafanelekile ngokwenkcubeko.

Ukuqesha umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo wasemacedonia kunokuba luncedo xa kufikwa ekudaleni ubukho obunempumelelo bamazwe ngamazwe. Iinguqulelo ezenziwe yingcali zicacile kwaye zibanzi, zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo wakho ufika ngokucacileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokungaqondani. Ukutyala imali kwingcali umguquleli wasemacedonia linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba uxwebhu lwakho okanye iwebhusayithi iguqulelwe ngokufanelekileyo kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo. Ikwabonisa ukuba ukhathalele ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezisemgangathweni okanye iinkonzo kubaxumi bakho abathetha isimacedonia.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasemakedoni?

Ulwimi lwasemakedoni luthethwa ikakhulu Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasemantla Emacedonia, Eserbia Nasealbania. Ikwathethwa nakwimimandla Yasebulgaria, Egrisi Nasemontenegro, nakwimimandla yabaphambukeli Eostreliya, Ekhanada, Ejamani Naseunited states.

Liliphi igama lemakedoni livela phi?

Imbali yolwimi lwasemakedoni inokulandelwa emva kwekhulu le-9 AD xa yayisetyenziswe ngendlela Yolwimi Lwakudala Lwesislavonic. Ngeli xesha, ezininzi iilwimi ezikhoyo zasebulgaria Nasemontenegrin zazalwa. Ngenkulungwane ye-11, Islavonic Endala Yecawa yavula ulwimi Lwasemacedonia. Ngexesha Le-Ottoman, ulwimi lwaphenjelelwa ngamagama aseturkey nesiarabhu. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, emva kokusekwa Kwebulgaria Exarchate, kwavela inguqulelo esemgangathweni yolwimi ngoku eyaziwa njengolwimi lwasemacedonia lwangoku. Emva Kwemfazwe Yasebalkan ka-1912-13, imakedoni yabhengezwa njengolwimi olusemthethweni lobukumkani baseserbia, obathi kamva baba Yiyugoslavia. Emva KWEMFAZWE YEHLABATHI II, Imacedonia yazibiza ngokuba yiriphabliki yaza ngoko nangoko yamkela imacedonia njengolwimi lwayo lwaseburhulumenteni. Oku kwamkelwa ngokusesikweni ngo-1993 ngokusekwa Kweriphabhlikhi Yasemakedoni.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasemakedoni?

1. Ukrste Misirkov (1874-1926) - ingcali yeelwimi kunye nefilosofi eyabhala incwadi Malunga Nemicimbi yasemacedonia, ebizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi wokuqala wokubhala ngokubhala ulwimi lwasemacedonia.
2. U-Kuzman Shapkarev (1880-1966) - umphengululi ophando olunzulu ngolwimi lwasemacedonia waseka isiseko solwimi olusemthethweni lwasemacedonia lwanamhlanje.
3. Blaže Koneski (1921-1993) - a linguist nembongi owayeyintloko yesebe ulwimi Macedonian Kwi Institute of Literature Macedonian E Skopje yaye omnye abayili eziphambili ulwimi Macedonian mihla.
4. Ugjorgji Pulevski (1892-1966) - i-polymath kunye nomphengululi owabhala incwadi yokuqala epheleleyo yegrama ngolwimi lwasemacedonia waza waqulunqa imithetho yayo emininzi.
5. U-Koco Rain (1908-1943) - imbongi ebonwa njengoyise weencwadi zanamhlanje zasemacedonia. Wabhala eminye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu esebenzisa ulwimi lwasemacedonia kwaye ngumntu obalulekileyo kwimbali yesizwe nakwinkcubeko yayo.

Njani ulwimi lwasemakedoni?

Ulwimi lwasemacedonia lulwimi Lwasemzantsi Slavic, kwaye ulwakhiwo lwayo luyafana nolunye ulwimi kusapho olufana nesibulgaria Nesiserbo-croatia. Inomyalelo wesigwebo Somxholo-Isenzi kwaye yenza ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-inflection yesenzi. Ulwimi lusebenzisa zombini iindlela Zokwenziwa kunye Nohlalutyo lokudiliza kunye nokudibanisa. Izibizo zinamatyala asixhenxe kunye namadoda amabini, kwaye kukho izenzi ezine. Izichazi ziyavumelana nezibizo eziguqula isini, inombolo, kunye netyala.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasemakedoni ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana incwadi elungileyo yolwimi lwasemacedonia kwaye uzintywilisele kulwimi. Fumana incwadi yegrama ngemithambo onokuyisebenzisa ukuze uziqhelanise kwaye ufunde ulwimi.
2. Mamela umculo wasemacedonia kwaye ubukele iividiyo okanye iimuvi emacedonia. Oku kuya kukunceda ukwazi ulwimi kunye nokubiza kwalo.
3. Thetha nezithethi zomthonyama zasemakedoni. Oku kuya kukunika amava okwenyani kwaye kukuncede ufunde ngokukhawuleza. Unokufumana izithethi zomthonyama kwi-intanethi okanye ngeentlanganiso zendawo okanye uluntu.
4. Ukubhalisa emacedonia. Ukubhala kukunceda uqonde ngcono igrama, isakhiwo kunye nopelo lolwimi.
5. Fumana Macedonian ifani isasazeka. Rekhoda amagama, amabinzana, kunye neencoko ozifumanayo ekufundeni kwakho. Ukuphonononga rhoqo isigama kunye nokuzilolonga kwegrama.
6. Sebenzisa izixhobo zolwimi zasemacedonia ezikwi-intanethi ezinje ngeeapps kunye neewebhusayithi. Zininzi iinkqubo ezikwi-intanethi ezibonelela ngezifundo ezisebenzisanayo kunye nokuzilolonga ukukunceda ufunde.