Isi-Gujarati Isi-georgia Humusha

Isigujarati siwulimi olukhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 ikakhulukazi esifundazweni Sasendiya Igujarat. Futhi ulimi olusemthethweni Lwendawo Yenhlangano Yasedadra nasenagar haveli nasedaman Nasediu. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, inani labantu abakhuluma Isigujarati liye landa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu abahlala kwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yalokho, manje sekunesidingo esandayo sezinsizakalo Zokuhumusha Zesigujarati ezingasiza amabhizinisi nezinye izinhlangano ukuba zifinyelele inani elikhulu lamakhasimende angaba khona.

Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesigujarati ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuhumusha imibhalo, amawebhusayithi, umsindo nevidiyo kusuka esingisini noma kunoma yiluphi olunye ulimi Kuya Esigujarati. Inqubo yokuhumusha isuka kolunye ulimi iye kolunye iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi incike ezicini eziningana. Ezinye zalezi zici zihlanganisa izilaleli ezihlosiwe, injongo, isitayela, umongo nomphumela oyifunayo wokuhumusha.

Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesigujarati zisetshenziswa kakhulu izinhlangano ukuxhumana namakhasimende azo akhuluma Isigujarati. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlangano zingase zifune ukuhumushela Izinkontileka zazo ezingokomthetho, izinto zokumaketha, izincazelo zemikhiqizo nezincwadi zabasebenzisi Olimini Lwesigujarati. Bangase futhi bayisebenzisele ukudala izikhangiso ezizwela amasiko, izincwajana, ama-e-book, izincwadi zezindaba nezinto zokufundisa. Amabhizinisi angase futhi adinge ukuxhumana nabasebenzi bawo Ngesigujarati.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokuhumusha, kubalulekile ukubandakanya abahumushi Basegujarati abanolwazi lwendabuko ngolimi. Futhi, uma unebhizinisi futhi ufuna ukwandisa ezimakethe ezikhuluma Isigujarati, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zakho zihunyushwa ngokunembile. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi umyalezo wakho uqondwa kahle yizilaleli ezihlosiwe.

Ngaphezu kwezinsizakalo Zokuhumusha Zesigujarati, izinhlangano eziningi zinikeza nezinsizakalo zokuhumusha. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zihlanganisa ukuhumusha amagama akhulunywayo noma izingxoxo, isibonelo, ubuso nobuso noma izingxoxo zocingo. Lapho uqasha umhumushi, bayokwazi ukuqonda umehluko wamasiko phakathi kwesingisi Nesigujarati futhi basize ekuvaleni igebe lokuxhumana phakathi kwezilimi ezimbili.

Ngokuvamile, izinsizakalo Zokuhumusha Zesigujarati zenza izinhlangano zikwazi ukuvala izithiyo zolimi futhi zixhumane namakhasimende azo akhuluma Isigujarati ngokuphumelelayo. Ngakho, uma ufuna ukwandisa ibhizinisi lakho ezimakethe ezintsha noma ukuxhumana namakhasimende akho ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha Zesigujarati zingakusiza ufinyelele imigomo yakho.

Yiluphi ulimi Lwesigujarati olukhulunywa kuwo?

Isigujarati siwulimi Lwesi-Indo-Aryan oluvela esifundazweni Sasendiya Igujarat futhi lukhulunywa ikakhulukazi ngabantu Basegujarati. Kukhulunywa nasezindaweni eziseduze zasedaman Nasediu, Edadra Nasenagar haveli kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasemaharashtra Nasemadhya Pradesh. Ibuye isetshenziswe inani elikhulu labantu basendiya abahlala E-United States, United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa, Canada, Southeast Asia nakwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesigujarati?

Ulimi Lwesigujarati lunomlando omude futhi ocebile futhi izimpande zalo zivela eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu-2000 edlule. Luwulimi Lwesi-Indo-Aryan oluhlobene kakhulu Nesihindi nezinye izilimi ezikhulunywa enyakatho Yendiya. Isigujarati siwulimi olusemthethweni Egujarat, elinye lamazwe asentshonalanga Endiya. Imisebenzi yokuqala eyaziwayo yolimi iqala ngekhulu le-12 ce, kanti ezinye izingcezu kungenzeka ukuthi zindala kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Isigujarati savela futhi samukela amathonya avela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene kuhlanganise nesi-arabhu, isipheresiya, isingisi nesiputukezi. Isigujarati saba ulimi lokuhweba nokuhweba, njengoba isifunda Sasegujarat sasiyikhaya labathengisi nabathengisi abaningi. Ezikhathini zamuva, izincwadi Zesigujarati zachuma ngekhulu le-19 nele-20, nababhali abadumile abanjengogandhi, Utagore, Nonarayan bakhiqiza eminye yemisebenzi eyahlonishwa kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Namuhla, Isigujarati sikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-65 futhi siwulimi lwendabuko olukhulunywa kakhulu lwama-26 emhlabeni.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesigujarati?

1. Umahatma gandhi: ummeli, umholi wezombangazwe, nesazi sefilosofi ngokomsebenzi, Umahatma gandhi wayengomunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu emzabalazweni wenkululeko Wasendiya. Futhi waba nethonya elikhulu olimini nasezincwadini Zesigujarati.
2. Umorarji Desai: Umorarji desai wakhonza Njengondunankulu wesine Wasendiya kusukela ngo-1977 kuya ku-1979. Wayedume nangokuzinikela kwakhe ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuthazeni ulimi Lwesigujarati.
3. Ukavi Kant: Kavi Kant wayengumbongi odumile Wasegujarati nombhali owabhala izincwadi eziningi ezithandwayo nezincwadi ngolimi Lwesigujarati. Ubhekwa njengomunye wababhali abakhulu bezincwadi Zesigujarati.
4. Ukavi narmad: Kavi narmad, owaziwa Nangokuthi Unarayan hemchandra, wayengumbongi nombhali wemidlalo Yasegujarati obhekwa njengomunye wabantu ababaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wezincwadi Zasegujarati.
5. Umashankar Joshi: Umashankar Joshi wayengumbongi odumile Wasegujarati, umbhali wamanoveli, umbhali wemidlalo, umhlaziyi, nombhali wezindatshana. Wayebuye abe nomthelela omkhulu olimini nasezincwadini Zesigujarati.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesigujarati sinjani?

Ulimi Lwesigujarati luwulimi Lwesi-Indo-Aryan olunesakhiwo esicacile nesichazwe kahle. Ibonakala ngohlelo lwayo olunezigaba ezintathu lwe-morphology, i-syntax, ne-phonology. Ngokwe-morphology, Isigujarati sinezibizo, izimelabizo, izimelabizo, izenzi, nezinye izingxenye zenkulumo. Isimiso sezenzi siyinkimbinkimbi ngokukhethekile futhi sihilela ukuhlanganiswa kwezenzi eziningi nezinsiza. I-syntax Ngesigujarati ilandela isakhiwo Sesihloko-Into-Isenzo (sov). Ekugcineni, Isigujarati sinenqwaba yezinhlamvu zamagama eziyingqayizivele ezinamafonemu angu-32, ezingahlukaniswa zibe onkamisa abangu-9 abayinhloko nezinhlamvu zamagama ezingu-23 zesibili.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Gujarati ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Beg ngokuthatha ezinye imishwana eziyisisekelo Gujarati. Thatha isikhathi ukufunda zamagama kanye pronunciation, njengoba Gujarati kulandela imithetho ehlukene uma kuqhathaniswa English.
2. Thola umfundisi noma isikhulumi bomdabu ukukusiza nge yokufunda ulimi lwakho. Ukuba nomuntu ongaphendula imibuzo futhi achaze imiqondo esemqoka kungaba usizo kakhulu.
3. Sebenzisa amathuluzi online ukuthi angakusiza ufunde Gujarati. Kunezinsiza eziningi ezinikeza izifundo ezilalelwayo, imibhalo, nokuvivinya umzimba.
4. Prakthiza amakhono akho ulimi ezingxoxweni zomhlaba wangempela. Zama ukujoyina ingxoxo online noma ukuhlangana isikhulumi Gujarati ikhofi.
5. Funda izincwadi, ukubukela amabhayisikobho futhi ulalele umculo In Gujarati. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba uqonde kangcono ulimi.
6. Zicwilise emasikweni. Ukuzwa isiko Lesigujarati kungakusiza ukuba ukwazise imininingwane emincane yolimi.

Ulimi lwesigeorgia lungolunye lwezilimi ezindala kakhulu ezibhaliwe nezikhulunywayo esifundeni Sasecaucasus. Inohlelo lwayo lolimi futhi yaziwa ngohlelo lwayo lolimi oluyinkimbinkimbi nangohlelo lwayo lokuhlanganisa izinto oluyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhumusha ngesigeorgia kuyinkonzo ebalulekile kubantu emhlabeni wonke abafuna ukuxhumana Nabantu basegeorgia ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko.

Izinguqulo zesigeorgia zidinga umhumushi onolwazi njengoba kunzima ukuba abantu bangaphandle baluqonde lolu limi. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe basegeorgia kumelwe babe namakhono amahle kakhulu okubhala nokuqonda ngokujulile isiko nezilimi Zasegeorgia. Kumelwe futhi bakwazi ukuveza ngokunembile incazelo yamagama ngendlela ebhaliwe nekhulunywayo.

Lapho uhumusha phakathi kwesigeorgia nezinye izilimi, ukunemba kubalulekile. Ukuhumusha okuhle kufanele kucabangele ama-nuances nomongo wombhalo, ukuze kucace futhi kuqondwe. Umhumushi onguchwepheshe uyogcina izinkomba zamasiko nezinkulumo zisondelene ngangokunokwenzeka nombhalo wokuqala.

Ukuhumusha kusuka olimini lwesigeorgia kuya kwezinye izilimi kuyinselele njengoba kunamagama amaningi olimini angekho kwezinye izilimi. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ehumusha esuka olimini lwesigeorgia eya esingisini, umhumushi kumelwe athole igama noma inkulumo yesingisi efanele eveza kangcono incazelo yegama lesigeorgia ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubuqotho balo. Lokhu kungaba nzima ngoba ezinye izinkulumo zesigeorgia azinalo igama elifanayo kwezinye izilimi.

Njengoba isigeorgia singelona ulimi olukhulunywa kabanzi, kungaba nzima ukuthola inguqulo yesigeorgia esezingeni eliphakeme. Kubalulekile ukusebenza ne-ejensi yokuhumusha enedumela elihle noma umhumushi onolwazi futhi ofanelekayo ukunikeza izinguqulo ezinembile zesigeorgia.

Ngokuqonda ubunzima bolimi lwesigeorgia, umhumushi onguchwepheshe anganikeza inguqulo esezingeni eliphakeme ethatha ingqikithi yombhalo futhi ethembekile encazelweni yokuqala. Ngosizo umhumushi georgian abanolwazi, ungakwazi ukuqinisekisa imigomo nezinkulumo esetshenziswa idokhumenti yakho zinembile futhi kucace.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesigeorgia olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi lwesigeorgia lukhulunywa Kakhulu Egeorgia, nakwezinye izingxenye zesifunda Sasecaucasus, Njenge-Azerbaijan, I-Armenia Nerussia. Kukhulunywa Naseturkey, E-Iran, Esiriya nasegrisi.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesigeorgia?

Ulimi lwesigeorgia luwulimi Lwesikartvelian olukhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-4 ikakhulukazi Egeorgia. Ulimi olusemthethweni Lwasegeorgia futhi lusetshenziswa njengolimi oluvamile kulo lonke Elasecaucasus. Umlando wolimi lwesigeorgia ungahle uhlehlele emuva ekhulwini lesi-4 ad, lapho kwakhiwa khona izinhlamvu zokuqala zesigeorgia, ezibizwa Ngokuthi I-Asomtavruli. Lolu alu lwalulandelwa uhlelo Lolimi Lwesimkhedruli olusasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Phakathi nekhulu lesi-9, Abantu Basegeorgia baqala ukusebenzisa indlela yokubhala yase-armenia. Kamuva, isigeorgia samukela uhlobo lwesigeorgia lwezinhlamvu zamagama zesigreki ngekhulu le-19. Phakathi nenkathi Yamasoviet, lolu limi lwalufundiswa ezikoleni ezweni lonke, kanye nesirashiya. Ngemva kokuwa kwesoviet Union, ukusetshenziswa kwesigeorgia kwanda kakhulu, futhi ulimi luye lwathandwa kakhulu.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesigeorgia?

1. U-Ivane Javakhishvili Isazi Sezilimi nesazi esabeka isisekelo sezincwadi zesimanje zasegeorgia.
2. Ugiorgi merchule-Isazi esakha indlela yokubhala yesigeorgia yanamuhla.
3. U-Akaki tsereteli-Imbongi nomuntu owaziwayo owafaka imisebenzi eminingi yasentshonalanga olimini lwesigeorgia.
4. Usulkhan - saba Orbeliani - Imbongi nesazi sezilimi esathuthukisa ukucebile kolimi lwesigeorgia ngokwethula amagama angaphandle, izinkulumo namagama ezincwadi.
5. Ugrigol Peradze-Isazi umsebenzi waso wohlelo lolimi lwesigeorgia owaba isisekelo sezifundo zolimi zanamuhla.

Ulimi lwesigeorgia lwakhiwa kanjani?

Ulimi lwesigeorgia luwulimi oluhlanganisa amagama, okusho ukuthi lusebenzisa izijobelelo (izijobelelo nezijobelelo) ukuze kwakheke amagama. Futhi inohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwebizo nesenzo, olunamaphethini avamile nawangajwayelekile okuguquguquka nawokuqhamuka. Isigeorgia sibhalwa ngezinhlamvu zaso, ezinamagama angu-33. Ulimi luphinde luhlukanise phakathi kwama-consonants aphefumulelwe nalawo angaphefumulelwe, okwenza kube olunye lwezilimi ezimbalwa ezenza kanjalo.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesigeorgia ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngezinto eziyisisekelo. Funda alphabet Georgian, pronunciation kanye nemithetho eyisisekelo lolimi. 2. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho ukulalela. Lalela izikhulumi bomdabu futhi abenza pronunciation yakho. 3. Yakha silulumagama yakho. Funda amagama alula, imishwana kanye nemisho. 4. Prakthiza ukufunda nokubhala. Sebenzisa izincwadi, izifundo online, omagazini noma amaphephandaba ngesigeorgia. 5. Ungakhohlwa ukukhuluma. Yiba nezingxoxo nezikhulumi zomdabu futhi usebenzise izinsiza zokufunda ulimi eziku-inthanethi. 6. Gxila emasikweni asegeorgia. Bukela amabhayisikobho, ulalele umculo, noma ufunde izincwadi ngesigeorgia.