Isijalimane Isi-lithuania Humusha

Uma ufuna indlela yokuxhumana namakhasimende aphesheya, noma uma udinga usizo ekuhumusheni idokhumenti ebalulekile kusuka esijalimane kuya esingisini, khona-ke izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesijalimane zingasiza. Isijalimane siwulimi olubalulekile Eyurophu, kokubili kwezamabhizinisi nakwezokuxhumana komuntu siqu. Kukhulunywa izigidi zabantu Ejalimane, e-Austria, Eswitzerland Naseluxembourg, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile zasebelgium, e-Italy, Efrance nakwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yalokho, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezinembile zesijalimane zifunwa kakhulu.

Uma kuziwa ezinsizakalweni zokuhumusha zesijalimane, kunezici eziningana okufanele zicatshangelwe. Okokuqala, kumelwe unqume injongo yokuhumusha bese ukhetha umhlinzeki wenkonzo yokuhumusha ongcono kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, idokhumenti engokomthetho iyodinga uhlobo oluhlukile lokuhumusha kunekhasi lasekhaya kuwebhusayithi. Umhlinzeki wesevisi yokuhumusha ohlonishwayo kufanele akwazi ukunikeza abahumushi abanolwazi ngohlobo oluthile lokuhumusha olukufunayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kokuhumusha nokwenziwa kwendawo. Ukuhumusha kuhilela ukudlulisela ngokunembile incazelo yombhalo kusuka kolunye ulimi kuya kolunye, kuyilapho ukuhumusha kubheka umehluko wesifunda nowamasiko ongase ube nengxenye ekuhumusheni.

Lapho ukhetha umhumushi wesijalimane, kubalulekile ukufuna umuntu onolwazi lokuhumusha imibhalo esuka esijalimane iye esingisini. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezisebenza ngokuzikhandla kufanele zihlanganise ukuhlola nokuhlela okuyisisekelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idokhumenti ehunyushiwe isalungile, icacile, futhi ihambisana nomthombo wokuqala. Lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi yokuhumusha, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinkomba neziqu, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umhumushi ujwayelene nezilimi zesijalimane kanye nama-colloquialisms.

Uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni imibhalo yesijalimane, kubalulekile futhi ukunaka noma yiziphi izidingo ezithile zokufometha. Uma idokhumenti ihlanganisa ukufometha okukhethekile, njengamatafula nohlu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zifomethiwe kahle ekuhumusheni. Lokhu kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukwaziswa kuvezwa ngokucacile nangokufundeka enguqulweni ehunyushiwe.

Ngokuthatha isikhathi sokukhetha izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezifanele zesijalimane, amabhizinisi angaqinisekisa ukuthi imibhalo yawo ihunyushwa ngokunembile futhi agweme amaphutha abizayo. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe abanolwazi ekuhumusheni isijalimane nesingisi bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi imibhalo ihunyushwa ngokucacile nangokunemba, okusiza ukwenza lula ukuxhumana okusebenzayo namakhasimende nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo isijalimane?

Isijalimane siwulimi olusemthethweni Ejalimane, e-Austria, Eswitzerland, Eliechtenstein, Eluxembourg Naseningizimu tyrol e-Italy. Futhi ulimi olusemthethweni Ebelgium (Esifundeni Saseflemish), Enorth rhine-westphalia, nakwezinye izingxenye Zasejalimane. Isijalimane sikhulunywa nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasempumalanga Yurophu, Njenge-Alsace Nelorraine Efrance, ezifundazweni ezithile Epoland, Eningizimu Jutland Edenmark, Esilesia eczech Republic, nakwezinye izindawo ezisemngceleni Enetherlands Nasehungary. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isijalimane siwulimi oluncane olwaziwayo ezingxenyeni Ezithile Zase-Italy, Eromania, Ekazakhstan Nasenamibia.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesijalimane?

Ulimi lwesijalimane luyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Indo-European futhi lungolunye lwezilimi ezindala Kunazo Zonke Eyurophu. Kukholakala ukuthi livela Olimini Lwesijalimane sokuqala, ulimi lwasendulo olwalukhulunywa abantu Basejalimane Basenyakatho Yurophu. Ngekhulu lesi-2 ad, lase likhule laba izilimi eziningana ezihlukene, ezaqhubeka ziguquka phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.
Ekhulwini lesi-9, izizwe Zamajalimane zahlanganiswa Ngaphansi Kukacharlemagne futhi ulimi lwazo lwaqala ukuvela njengendlela evamile yokuxhumana. Ngekhulu le-11, izinhlobo ezimbili zesijalimane Esidala Esiphakeme zavela njengolimi oluyinhloko lwezincwadi, izincwadi, namasiko; isijalimane Esiphakeme Esiphakathi ezifundeni eziphezulu Zaserhine Nase-Upper saxony, nesijalimane Esiphakeme Ebavariya nase-Austria.
Ekhulwini le-14, ukusungulwa kokunyathelisa nokwanda komshini wokunyathelisa kwasiza ekuvumelaniseni ulimi futhi kwaholela ekushicilelweni kwemisebenzi efana ne - "Grimm' s law", eyasungula imithetho yokubhala nokukhuluma ulimi.
Phakathi nenkathi yokuhlola nokukhanyiselwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwesijalimane sanamuhla kwaqala ngokwethula amagama amasha nohlelo lolimi olwenziwe lula. Ekhulwini le-19, ulimi lwesijalimane lwahlanganiswa, izilimi zesijalimane Esiphakathi nesiphezulu zaba ulimi olusemthethweni kuleli zwe. Lolu limi luyaqhubeka lukhula futhi lukhula nanamuhla futhi lungolunye lwezilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu emhlabeni.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesijalimane?

1. Umartin luther (14831546): Umartin luther wayephethe ukudala isisekelo solimi lwesijalimane lwanamuhla ngokuhumushela Ibhayibheli olimini lwesijalimane nokuthuthukisa uhlobo olusha lokubhala olwalusebenzisa izilimi ezimbili eziyinhloko zesijalimane ngaleso sikhathi: isijalimane Esiphakeme Nesisaxon Esiphansi. Ithonya lakhe lisazwakala nanamuhla ekwakhiweni nasekubhalweni kolimi lwesijalimane.
2. Ujohann wolfgang Von Goethe (17491832): Ugoethe wayengumbongi odumile, umbhali wemidlalo yaseshashalazini, nombhali wamanoveli owasebenza ukuhlanganisa izilimi ezihlukahlukene zesijalimane zibe ulimi olulodwa olujwayelekile. Wabuye wasungula amagama amaningi esijalimane "engokuthi "schadenfreude", "weltschmerz", nelithi "landsknecht". Kuze kube namuhla, imisebenzi yakhe isafundwa abantu abakhuluma isijalimane emhlabeni wonke.
3. Uheinrich himmler (19001945): Uhimmler wayeyisikhulu esinamandla Samanazi esaba negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesijalimane. Wayedume ngokuqamba amagama amasha nokunikeza amadala izincazelo ezintsha ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ayavumelana nemibono Yamanazi, ngaleyo ndlela eqinisekisa ukuthi yayiyohlala isikhathi eside ngisho nangemva kokuwa kombuso.
4. U-Ulrich Ammon (1937-2006): U-Ammon wayengusosayensi wezilimi owafunda ukuthuthukiswa kolimi lwesijalimane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Wabhala izincwadi zohlelo lolimi nezincwadi, wasungula inhlangano Ideutsche Sprache E. V., futhi wakhonza njengomongameli Wenhlangano Yokucwaninga Kwezesayensi Nokubhalwa Kolimi lwesijalimane kusukela ngo-1982-2006.
5. Ufritz (Frederic) kempe (1945 -): Kempe uyisazi sezilimi sasejalimane esenze iminikelo ebalulekile olimini lwesijalimane, ikakhulukazi ngokuya nge-syntax. Ubhale izincwadi eziningi nge-syntax yesijalimane futhi imibono yakhe ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni ulimi lwesijalimane lufundiswa kanjani ezikoleni.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesijalimane sinjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesijalimane singachazwa njengolimi lokuhlanganiswa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isebenzisa izakhi zezilimi zokuhlaziya nezokwenziwa, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni kwayo, ubuningi, nokwehla okwakhiwa ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningi zamagama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isijalimane sinezimo ezine eziyinhloko (isimelabizo, isimelabizo, isimelabizo, nesimelabizo), futhi izenzi zihlanganiswa ngokomuntu, inombolo, nesimo sengqondo.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesijalimane ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Gxila: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda isijalimane ukucwilisa wena kuyo ngangokunokwenzeka. Yenza umzamo wokuxhumana nabantu ngesijalimane, ubuke ithelevishini namafilimu asejalimane, futhi ulalele umsakazo wasejalimane. Chitha isikhathi nabantu abakhuluma isijalimane futhi baxoxe nabo ngesijalimane.
2. Thola Incwadi Enhle German: incwadi enhle angakusiza nge lolimi kanye silulumagama, futhi angakunika umzimba ukuzijayeza lokho ufunda.
3. Prakthiza Pronunciation Yakho: Pronunciation kuyisihluthulelo ukuba baqonde. Njengoba ufunda amagama amasha nemishwana ,ureiseka ukuzijayeza pronunciation yakho uze uzizwe uzethemba nalo.
4. Sebenzisa Imithombo Online: Kukhona eziningi amathuluzi ezinkulu online ukukusiza ufunde isijalimane. Bheka amawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinikeza izivivinyo ezisebenzisanayo, ukuqoshwa komsindo kwabakhuluma isijalimane bomdabu, nezinye izinsiza zokukusiza ufunde futhi usebenze.
5. Sebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe: kukhona zonke izinhlobo zokusebenza, ama-podcast, nezinye izinsiza ezisekelwe kwezobuchwepheshe ukukusiza uthuthukise amakhono akho olimi. Zama ukusebenzisa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu zalezi njalo, ukunikeza izifundo zakho zolimi umfutho kwezobuchwepheshe.
6. Joyina Uhlelo Language Exchange: izinhlelo language exchange kukhona amathuba amahle kakhulu ukuzijayeza ukukhuluma nge bomdabu izikhulumi German futhi ngcono pronunciation yakho.

Ilithuania iyizwe elincane elisesifundeni Sasebaltic enyakatho Yurophu. Yikhaya lolimi namasiko ayingqayizivele abelokhu ekhona amakhulu eminyaka. Ngenxa yalokho, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesilithuania zifunwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, njengoba ukuxhumana komhlaba wonke kuye kwaba okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe.

Isilithuania sibhekwa njengolimi lwasendulo, futhi saqala ukubhalwa ezincwadini zekhulu le-16. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lungolunye lwezilimi ezindala Kakhulu Eyurophu. Lolu limi luhlukaniswe njengengxenye yegatsha Lasebaltic lomndeni wezilimi Zase-Indo-European, okubandakanya isilatvia Nesiprussia. Isilithuania sifana kakhulu nalezi zilimi, njengohlelo lolimi namagama afanayo.

Kulabo abafuna ukuhumusha izinto ezisuka olimini lwesilithuania ziye kwezinye izilimi, kunezinkampani eziningana ezinikeza izinsizakalo ezikhethekile. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe bangakwazi ukubhekana nakho konke kusukela emibhalweni engokomthetho kuya ezinguqulweni zebhizinisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinkampani zinikeza izinguqulo zesingisi eziqinisekisiwe zemibhalo esemthethweni. Izinsizakalo eziningi zokuhumusha zaselithuania nazo zikhethekile ekuhumusheni kwezokwelapha nokwezimali,kanye nokwenziwa kwewebhusayithi nesoftware.

Lapho kukhethwa inkampani yezinsizakalo zokuhumusha zaselithuania, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abahumushi abasebenzela inkampani banolwazi nolwazi ngolimi. Izinga lokuhumusha alixhomekile nje kuphela ekunembeni kolimi lomhumushi, kodwa futhi nasekulawuleni kwabo ama-nuances amasiko nezilimi zendawo.

Kumaphrojekthi amakhulu, kungaba usizo ukuqasha iqembu lonke labahumushi abakwaziyo ukusebenza ndawonye ukuze banikeze imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela abahumushi ukuba babukeze umsebenzi womunye nomunye, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo ophelile uhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokunemba nekhwalithi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga ukuhumusha idokhumenti zomthetho noma website, professional lithuanian translation services kungaqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho igcwaliswe ngokunembile nangempumelelo. With the inkampani ilungelo, ungaqiniseka ukuthi uzothola inguqulo eliphezulu ukuthi kuyoba kuyaqondakala ngempela izilaleli zakho okuhloswe.

Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa elithuania?

Ulimi lwesilithuania lukhulunywa kakhulu Elithuania, Kanye Naselatvia, E-Estonia, ezingxenyeni zasepoland, nasesifundeni Sasekaliningrad Oblast Erussia.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwaselithuania?

Umlando wolimi lwesilithuania waqala esifundeni Sasebaltic kusukela ngo-6500 bc.izimpande zalo zomlando kukholakala ukuthi zivela olimini Lweproto-Indo-European, olwalungulimi lokhokho bezilimi Eziningi zaseyurophu zamanje. Isilithuania kukholakala ukuthi singesinye sezilimi zakudala Kakhulu E-Indo-European, izihlobo zaso eziseduze kakhulu isisanskrit nesilatini.
Izibonelo ezindala kakhulu zesilithuania esibhaliwe zingalandelwa kusukela ngekhulu le-16. Khona-ke yasungulwa izazi zezilimi nezithunywa zevangeli ezazisebenzisa izinhlamvu zesilatini ukuze zenze indlela yokubhala yolimi. Lolu hlelo lwaqhubeka lwakhiwa Umartynas Mažvydas maphakathi nekhulu le-16. Incwadi yokuqala yesilithuania, enesihloko esithi" Catechismus", yanyatheliswa ngo-1547.
Kusukela ngekhulu le-18, isilithuania siye sabhekana nokuguquguquka okukhulu kohlelo lwaso lolimi, ukupela amagama kanye namagama. Lolu limi lwamukela amagama amaningi avela kwezinye izilimi zesislavic nesijalimane, phakathi kwezinye. Phakathi nenkathi yamasoviet, ezinye izici zolimi zashintshwa kakhulu, njengokwenziwa lula kokuhlanganiswa kwezenzi.
Namuhla, isilithuania sikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-3. Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezisemthethweni Ze-European Union, futhi ulimi olusemthethweni Elithuania, Elatvia, nasezizweni Ezihlangene.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesilithuania?

1. U - Adomas Jakštas (18951975) - isazi-mlando sezincwadi, isazi sezincwadi kanye nomlobi owayengomunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesilithuania kanye nokujwayelekile kwalo.
2. Ujonas Jablonskis (18601930) isazi sezilimi esihlonishwa ngokudala ulimi lwesimanje Olujwayelekile lwaselithuania olususelwa ezilimini Zezifunda zasesamogitian Nase - Aukštaitija.
3. U - Augustinas Janulaitis (18861972) - umuntu obalulekile kwezolimi zaselithuania owafunda umlando, isakhiwo nezilimi zolimi.
4. Uvincas krėvė - mickevičius (18821954) umbhali onezici eziningi owabhala kabanzi ngamasiko nolimi lwaselithuania ngezindlela ezijwayelekile nezilimi.
5. Uzygimantas Kuzminskis (18981959) isazi sezilimi esivelele esasebenza ukuhlanganisa ulimi lwesilithuania, ukuthuthukisa imithetho yohlelo lolimi, nokwakha isichazamazwi sokuqala esibanzi solimi.

Ulimi lwesilithuania lwakhiwa kanjani?

Ulimi lwesilithuania luyingxenye yolimi lwasebaltic. Luwulimi oluguquguqukayo olusebenzisa ukuguquguquka kwegama nesibongo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezenzi okuhlukile. Kukhona nenani elikhulu le-morphology yokuhlanganisa eyakhelwe olimini. Ukuhleleka kwamagama okuyisisekelo kuyisihloko isenzo into.

Indlela ukufunda ulimi Lithuanian ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thola inkambo enhle noma uhlelo: Bheka uhlelo immersive ukuthi uzokunika ithuba ukucwilisa ngempela wena ngolimi. Cabanga ngokuthatha ikilasi ekolishi lendawo, ukuya esikoleni sezilimi Elithuania, noma ukuzama izifundo ezikuyi-internet.
2. Ukuthenga incwadi yokufunda ulimi: Ukutshala imali encwadini yokufunda ulimi kuzokusiza ugcine up nazo zonke eziyisisekelo lolimi Lithuanian kanye silulumagama.
3. Lalela umculo Lithuanian futhi ubuke amabhayisikobho: Zijwayelanise imisindo kanye pronunciations of the ulimi lithuanian ngokulalela umculo lithuanian, ukubukela imibukiso yethelevishini, namabhayisikobho in Lithuanian.
4. Prakthiza pronunciation yakho: Practice kwenza ephelele! Gcina abenza pronunciation yakho ukuze sithuthukise ukuqonda kwakho kanye ngokushelelayo. Ungasebenzisa futhi izinsiza ezifana Ne-Forvo noma I-Rhinospike ukuzwa ukuthi abantu bomdabu babiza kanjani amagama ahlukene.
5. Thola izikhulumi bomdabu kanye umkhuba ukukhuluma: Zama ukujoyina amawebhusayithi language exchange noma host ulimi meetups ukuthola izikhulumi bomdabu Lithuanian abangakusiza ukuzijayeza amakhono akho engxoxo.
6. Sebenzisa imithombo ehlukahlukene: Ungazikhawuleli emthonjeni owodwa. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi ukwengeza isipiliyoni sakho yokufunda, ezifana Duolingo noma Babbel. Ungathola futhi ama-Podcast awusizo namavidiyo E-YouTube akhuluma ngolimi namasiko aselithuania.