Isi-crotian Itatar Humusha

Ukuhunyushwa kwesicroatia: Ukuvula Ulimi Lwe-Adriatic

Isicroatia siwulimi olusemthethweni Ecroatia Nasebosnia-herzegovina, kodwa futhi sikhulunywa ngabantu abancane basecroatia eserbia, Emontenegro, emazweni angomakhelwane, ngisho nasemhlabeni jikelele. Yingakho abantu abaningi namabhizinisi bephendukela ezinsizakalweni zokuhumusha zesicroatia ukuze banciphise igebe lolimi.

Isicroatia siwulimi Lwesislavic Saseningizimu futhi siboleka kakhulu ezimpandeni zesilatini nezesijalimane. Ulimi olusemthethweni Lwasecroatia futhi ulimi olusemthethweni oluncane Ebosnia-herzegovina. Isicroatia siyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Indo-European futhi sinomsuka ofanayo nezinye izilimi Zamaslav ezinjengesirashiya, isipolish nesiczech.

Ngenxa yezimpande zayo ezifanayo, isicroatia kulula ukuba izikhulumi zezinye izilimi Zesislavic zifunde. Inokufana okuningi kohlelo lolimi nesakhiwo semisho. Kukhona nokufana okuningi kwamasiko phakathi kwamazwe Amaslav okwenza ukuqonda isicroatia kube lula kulabo abanolwazi lwezinye izilimi zamaslav.

Kulabo abangenalo ulwazi ngezinye izilimi Zesislavic, isicroatia singase sibe lula ukusithola. Ngenxa yethonya layo elihlukahlukene lamasiko, isicroatia siboleka amagama kwezinye izilimi futhi sinenani elikhulu lamagama ababolekisi. Isicroatia naso sinezinhlamvu zamagama, okwenza kube lula ukufunda kunezinye izilimi.

Isicroatia sinezilimi eziningana ezihlukahluka kuye ngendawo, kanye nezici zenhlalo nezamasiko. Lezi zilimi zingase zihluke ngokwamagama nangendlela ezibizwa ngayo kuye ngokuthi zikhulunywa nini futhi kuphi.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukunemba ezinguqulweni zesicroatia ukusebenzisa umhumushi onguchwepheshe okhuluma kahle ulimi futhi ojwayelene nezilimi. Lokhu kuyoqinisekisa ukuthi izinguqulo zinembile, ziyaqondakala futhi azinaphutha. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe banganikeza nomongo owengeziwe nolwazi lwamasiko ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi izinguqulo ziyahlangabezana nezidingo zezilaleli ezihlosiwe.

Croatian translation services kungasiza ukuvala igebe ulimi futhi ulethe ibhizinisi lakho noma umkhiqizo ezimakethe ezintsha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga ukuhumusha imibhalo, izincwajana, amawebhusayithi, noma okuqukethwe, uchwepheshe ofanelekayo angakusiza ufinyelele izilaleli zakho okuhloswe ngazo. Abahumushi Professional kungakusiza uqonde isiko lendawo namasiko ukuze ungakwazi ukuxhumana kangcono namakhasimende kanye nabalingani emakethe yakho entsha.

Ngokuvula ulimi Adriatic nge translation Croatian, ungakwazi ukuvula amathuba amasha ukukhula nempumelelo. Professional croatian translation services angakusiza ibhuloho ulimi kanye nezikhala zamasiko ukuze ukwabelana umyalezo wakho nezwe.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi lwesicroatia?

Isicroatia siwulimi olusemthethweni Ecroatia, Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, nasezingxenyeni ezithile zaseserbia, Emontenegro naseslovenia. Kukhulunywa kabanzi nasemiphakathini ethile yabambalwa e-Austria, Ehungary, e-Italy Naseromania.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesicroatia?

Ulimi lwesicroatia luwulimi Lwesislavic Saseningizimu olunezimpande zalo ngekhulu le-11. Yayisetshenziswa Amacroats okuqala, abantu Baseningizimu Slavic abahlala kulokho manje Okuyicroatia ekuqaleni Kwenkathi Ephakathi. Lolu limi lwavela Olimini Lwesislavonic Sasesontweni Elidala, ulimi olungokomlando olwalusetshenziswa abantu Abangamaslav Basempumalanga Yurophu.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isicroatia saqala ukuba nesimo esihlukile futhi kamuva sasetshenziswa ezincwadini, nakwezinye izici zokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ekhulwini le-16, isicroatia safinyelela izinga elithile lokuvumelana ngokushicilelwa kwesichazamazwi esiphawulekayo sesicroatia.
Ekugcineni, isicroatia saba ingxenye Yombuso wase-Austria-hungary futhi saqhubeka senziwa saba semthethweni phakathi nekhulu le-19, safana kakhulu nolimi lwesiserbia. Ngemva Kwempi Yezwe i, Kwakhiwa Umbuso Wamaserb, Amacroat Namaslovenia, kamuva owaziwa ngokuthi Iyugoslavia. Isicroatia sahlala singashintshiwe kwaze kwaba yilapho siba ulimi olusemthethweni Lwasecroatia ngo-1991 ngesimemezelo sokuzibusa.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lolu limi luye lwaqhubeka luthuthuka, kwenziwa izinguquko ekubhaleni, ekubhaleni izimpawu zokubhala, ngisho nasemazwini amasha afakwa esichazamazwini. Namuhla, isicroatia sikhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-5,5 abahlala Ecroatia, Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, Eserbia, e-Austria, Ehungary, e-Italy naseswitzerland.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesicroatia?

1. Umarko Marulić (14501524) - Obhekwa njengobaba wezincwadi zesimanje zasecroatia futhi obhekwa njengombhali wokuqala omkhulu wasecroatia, Umarulić waqamba imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa izinkondlo, idrama, kanye nezincwadi zenkolo. Umsebenzi wakhe odume kakhulu Yijudita, inkondlo ebabazekayo esekelwe Encwadini Yetestamente Elidala Kajudith.
2. U-Ivan gundulić (15891638) - imbongi ekhiqiza kakhulu eyabhala i-epic kazwelonke U-Osman, nomdlalo Udubravka. Wayengomunye wababhali bokuqala basecroatia ukufaka izinto zolimi lwesicroatia emisebenzini yakhe.
3. Udžore Držić (15081567) Udržić waziwa kabanzi njengombhali wokuqala wemidlalo yasecroatia kanye nomsunguli weshashalazi lasecroatia. Imidlalo yakhe ivame ukuba namahlaya amnyama, amahlaya, nomuzwa onamandla wokuqaphela isizwe.
4. Umatija Antun relković (17351810) - Relković kuthiwa nguye owokuqala ukubhala ngolimi lwesicroatia, okwenza kube lula ngabantu ukuqonda nokufunda. Wabhala nezincwadi eziningi, amapheshana, nezihloko ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene ezinjengesayensi, ifilosofi, nezombangazwe.
5. Upetar Preradović (18181872) - Preradović udunyiswa kabanzi ngokuthi "Ubyron wasecroatia" ngezinkondlo zakhe zothando nezingoma zokuthanda izwe. Ukhunjulwa ngokukhuthaza ubumbano lwesizwe, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili Zasecroatia, nangomnikelo wakhe ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesicroatia.

Ulimi lwesicroatia lwakhiwa kanjani?

Ulimi lwesicroatia luwulimi Lwasendiya-Yurophu futhi luyingxenye yeqembu lezilimi Zaseningizimu Slavic. Inesakhiwo esifana nezinye izilimi Zamaslav, njengesibulgaria, isiczech, isipolish nesirashiya. Izenzo zesicroatia zihlanganiswa ngokomuntu nesikhathi, amagama nezichasiso ziyancipha ngokobulili, inombolo nesimo, futhi kunezimo eziyisithupha zohlelo lolimi. Isebenzisa izinhlamvu zamagama zesilatini futhi indlela yayo yokubhala iyindlela yokubiza amagama, okusho ukuthi uhlamvu ngalunye luhambisana nomsindo owodwa oyingqayizivele.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesicroatia ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start izinto eziyisisekelo: kubalulekile ukuba nokuqonda okuyisisekelo kohlelo lolimi, ukubiza amagama kanye nezinhlamvu zamagama zesicroatia ngaphambi kokuqala ukufunda ulimi. Start nge incwadi enhle noma inkambo, ezifana pimsleur noma Uzifundise Croatian.
2. Lalela Croatian: Ukulalela podcasts Croatian nemibukiso ingenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu ukufunda futhi ujwayelane ulimi. Kukhona inala Amavidiyo YouTube nge izifundo ezithile pronunciation and lolimi-watch abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka!
3. Prakthiza nge isikhulumi bomdabu: Ukukhuluma isikhulumi bomdabu ingenye yezindlela eziwusizo kakhulu futhi kumnandi ukufunda ulimi. Ungathola kalula umlingani ulimi online noma emzini wakho.
4. Funda izincwadi Croatian: Thola izincwadi, izihloko kanye nomagazini in Croatian futhi ufunde njalo. Zama ukuthola uhlobo evumelana nawe futhi uqale ukufunda!
5. Sebenzisa flashcards ukufunda silulumagama: Flashcards kukhona ithuluzi elikhulu uma kuziwa ekufundeni amagama amasha, ikakhulukazi izilimi like isicroatia lapho kunamagama amaningi ahlukene for into efanayo.
6. Zicwilise: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda ulimi iwukuzicwilisa kulo-hamba Uye Ecroatia uma ungakwazi, noma ubuke amabhayisikobho futhi ulalele umculo ngesicroatia.
7. Have fun: Ukufunda Croatian kungaba isipiliyoni fun and kunomvuzo -ureiseka ukuthi ujabulele inqubo futhi ungafaki ingcindezi kakhulu kuwe.

Isitatar siwulimi olukhulunywa Kakhulu Eriphabhuliki Yasetatarstan, eyingxenye Yerussian federation. Luwulimi Lwesiturkic futhi luhlobene nezinye izilimi Zesiturkic ezinjengesiturkey, isi-Uzbek nesikazakh. Kukhulunywa nasezingxenyeni Ezithile Zase-Azerbaijan, E-Ukraine Nasekazakhstan. Isitatar siwulimi olusemthethweni Etatarstan futhi sisetshenziswa kwezemfundo nasekuphathweni kukahulumeni.

Ngokwanda Kombuso waserussia, ulimi lwesitatar lwaphoqeleka ukuba lufundwe ezikoleni ezisezindaweni ezaba ingxenye Yetatarstan. Lokhu kwaholela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwalo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kodwa ngawo-1990, lolu limi lwavuselelwa njengoba kwenziwa imizamo yokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwalo.

Uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni, kunezinketho ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo kulabo abafuna ukuhumushela imibhalo olimini lwesitatar. Indlela evame kakhulu yokuqedela inguqulo yesitatar iwukuqasha umhumushi wesitatar onguchwepheshe. Lokhu kunenzuzo yokunemba, njengoba beyojwayelana nemininingwane ehlukahlukene yolimi. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe ngokuvamile banolwazi emikhakheni ethile, njengokuhumusha okungokomthetho, okungokwezokwelapha, nokungokwezimali, ukuze bakwazi ukuhumusha ngokunembile.

Enye indlela ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuhumusha olusizwa nge-computer. Lezi zinhlelo zenzelwe ukusiza abantu abangakhulumi ulimi lwabo lwendabuko ukuba bahumushe imibhalo ngokushesha nangokunembile. Basebenzisa ama-algorithm ukuze bafanise amagama nemishwana kusuka kolunye ulimi kuya kolunye ngaphandle kokungenela komuntu. Nokho, lezi zinhlelo zingase zingabi ezinembile njengokuba umhumushi ahlole idokhumenti.

Kukhona nezinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezikuyi-internet ezingase zinikeze izinguqulo ezinembile ezisuka esingisini ziye olimini lwesitatar. Lezi zinsizakalo ngokuvamile ziyindlela eshibhe kunazo zonke, kodwa azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi efanayo nomhumushi onguchwepheshe. Uma ufuna isixazululo esisheshayo nesingabizi kakhulu sokuhumusha isitatar, lokhu kungaba inketho enhle. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa isevisi ehloniphekile ukuqinisekisa ukunemba.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela oyithathayo ukuze uhumushe isitatar, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukunemba ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezingaba khona esikhathini esizayo. Ngokuvamile ukuba nenguqulo yobuchwepheshe kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokufeza lokhu, kodwa uma izindleko ziyinkinga, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezikuyi-internet noma izinhlelo ezisizwa nge-computer zingasiza.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesitatar olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi lwesitatar lukhulunywa Kakhulu Erussia, kunabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-6 abakhuluma isitatar. Kukhulunywa nakwamanye amazwe Afana Ne-Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, turkey neturkmenistan.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesitatar?

Ulimi lwesitatar, olwaziwa nangokuthi isikazan tatar, luwulimi Lwesiturkic lweqembu lekipchak olukhulunywa kakhulu Eriphabhulikhi yasetatarstan, isifunda saserussia federation. Kukhulunywa nakwezinye izingxenye Zaserussia, E-Uzbekistan Nasekazakhstan. Umlando wolimi lwesitatar uqala ngekhulu le-10 lapho Amabulgaria Asevolga amukela Ubusulumane futhi aba Amatatar anamuhla. Phakathi nenkathi Yegolden horde (ngekhulu le-13 kuya kwele-15), Amatatar ayebuswa amamongol futhi ulimi lwesitatar lwaqala ukuthonywa kakhulu izilimi zesimongolia nesipheresiya. Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, lolu limi luye lwashintsha kakhulu ngenxa yokuxhumana kwalo nezinye izilimi Zesiturkic, kanye nesi-arabhu nesipheresiya. Ngenxa yalokho, sekuwulimi oluyingqayizivele oluhlukile ezihlotsheni zalo eziseduze futhi kuye kwavela izilimi ezihlukahlukene zesifunda. Incwadi yokuqala eyabhalwa ngolimi lwesitatar yanyatheliswa ngo-1584, enesihloko esithi "Divân-i lügati 't-türk". Kusukela ngekhulu le-19, Ulimi lwesitatar luye lwaqashelwa Ngezinga elihlukahlukene Umbuso waserussia bese kuba Isoviet Union. Yanikezwa isikhundla esisemthethweni Etatarstan ngesikhathi Sesoviet, kodwa yabhekana nokucindezelwa ngesikhathi sikastalin. Ngo-1989, izinhlamvu zamagama zesitatar zashintshwa zisuka Olimini Lwesicyrillic zaya Olimini Lwesilatini kwathi Ngo-1998, Iriphabhuliki yasetatarstan yamemezela ukuthi ulimi lwesitatar luwulimi olusemthethweni. Namuhla, lolu limi lusakhulunywa abantu Abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-8 Erussia, ikakhulukazi emphakathini wamatatar.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesitatar?

1. Ugabdulla tukay (18501913): imbongi nombhali wemidlalo yasetatar owabhala ngezilimi zase-Uzbek, isirashiya nesitatar futhi waba nesandla ekwandiseni ulimi nezincwadi zesitatar.
2. U-Äläskärä mirgäzizi (wekhulu le-17): umbhali ongumtatar owabhala uhlelo lolimi oluyingqopha-mlando lolimi lwesitatar futhi kuthiwa nguye owasungula isitayela esiyingqayizivele sokubhala izinkondlo.
3. Utegähirä Askänavi (18851951): isazi sezilimi nesitatar ucwaningo lwaso ngolimi lwesitatar lwalubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwalo.
4. Umäxämmädiar zarnäkäev (ngekhulu le-19): umbhali wesitatar kanye nembongi eyabhala isichazamazwi sokuqala sesitatar sanamuhla futhi yasiza ekuvumelaniseni ulimi lwesitatar.
5. U-Ildär faizi (1926-2007): umbhali nomlobi wezindaba wasetatar owabhala izindaba eziningi nezincwadi ngesitatar futhi waba negalelo elikhulu ekuvuseleleni ulimi lwezincwadi lwesitatar.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesitatar sinjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesitatar sihlelekile, sinendlela ejwayelekile yokuhlanganisa. Inamacala amane (okubizwa ngegama, okubizwa ngegama, okubizwa ngegama kanye nokubizwa kwegama) kanye nobulili obuthathu (obesilisa, obesifazane, nobungathathi.). Izenzo zihlanganiswa umuntu, inombolo, nesimo sengqondo, futhi amagama ayancipha ngesimo, ubulili, nenombolo. Ulimi lunesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokubeka amagama nezinhlayiya ezingabonisa izici ezinjengesici, isiqondiso, nendlela.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Tatar ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Makeiseka ukuthi unayo ukufinyelela material quality-Kukhona eziningi omuhle kakhulu tatar ulimi learning imithombo kuyatholakala inthanethi futhi ezitolo zezincwadi, ngakhoureiseka ukuthi ukufinyelela material best kungenzeka.
2. Zijwayeze alfabhethi-Njengoba Tatar kulotshiwe cyrillic script ,ureiseka ukuthi ujwayelene alfabhethi esiyingqayizivele ngaphambi ungena ekufundeni ulimi.
3. Funda pronunciation and stress-Tatar isebenzisa uhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi izinguquko onkamisa nokugcizelela on imisho, kanjalo abenza pronunciation yakho futhi bafunde ukuqaphela umehluko phakathi onkamisa kugcizelelwe futhi unstressed.
4. Ukujwayelana nemithetho eyisisekelo yohlelo lolimi nesakhiwo – ukuqonda kahle uhlelo lolimi oluyisisekelo nesakhiwo somusho kuyisihluthulelo uma kuziwa ekufundeni noma yiluphi ulimi.
5. Lalela, watch and funda-Ukulalela, ukubukela nokufunda in Tatar kuzokusiza ukuba uthole ukujwayela umsindo ulimi, kanye akunike umkhuba silulumagama nemishwana.
6. Yiba nezingxoxo-Ukuba nezingxoxo njalo nomuntu okhuluma isitatar kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi. Zama ukukhuluma kancane futhi ngokucacile ekuqaleni futhi ungesabi ukwenza amaphutha.