Isihebheru Isi-Udmurt Humusha

Eminyakeni yamuva Kuye Kwaba Nesidingo Esikhulayo Sabahumushi besiheberu

Isidingo sokuhunyushwa kwesiheberu siyanda, njengoba amabhizinisi amaningi ngokwengeziwe edinga izinsizakalo ukuze anqamule umgoqo wolimi phakathi kwawo nezinhlangano ezihlangene nawo phesheya kwezilwandle. Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu kwakulinganiselwe kakhulu ekuhumusheni imibhalo yenkolo, kodwa izwe lanamuhla liye labona ukwanda okukhulu kwezokuxhumana phakathi kwamasiko, okwaholela ekwandeni kwesidingo sabahumushi besiheberu.

Njengolunye lwezilimi ezindala kunazo zonke emhlabeni, isiheberu siyinkimbinkimbi futhi sinemininingwane eminingi. Futhi ulimi olusemthethweni Kwa-Israyeli, okwenza kube okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe ukuba amabhizinisi omhlaba wonke akwazi ukuthola izinsizakalo zokuhumusha isiheberu ezinokwethenjelwa. Njengoba kunezikhulumi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-9 emhlabeni wonke, akukho ukushoda kwamakhasimende angase adinge usizo lokuhumusha imibhalo yawo, amawebhusayithi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, noma ngisho nama-e-mail avela noma aya olimini lwesiheberu.

Nokho, ngenxa yobunzima bayo, ukuhumusha isiheberu kungaba umsebenzi onzima. Umhumushi akumelwe nje kuphela abe nekhono lokukhuluma ulimi ngokwalo, kodwa kumelwe futhi aqaphele ama-nuances nezilimi ezicashile ezisetshenziswa amasiko nezifunda ezihlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lolimi lwesiheberu luhluke kakhulu esingisini, ngakho umhumushi kumelwe azijwayeze zombili ukuze adlulisele ngokunembile incazelo yombhalo wokuqala.

Ngenhlanhla, abahumushi abangamaheberu abanolwazi batholakala kabanzi emhlabeni wonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna umhumushi ozinikele ukusiza ekusebenzelaneni kwakho kwebhizinisi lamazwe omhlaba, noma othile ukusiza ngokuhumusha idokhumenti yesikhathi esisodwa, ungathola uchwepheshe ofanelekayo ongasiza.

Kusukela kwezomthetho nakwezokwelapha kuya kwezezimali nakwezamasiko, ukuba nekhono ekuhumusheni isiheberu kungavula umnyango wamathuba amaningi anenzuzo. Njengoba isidingo sezinsizakalo zokuhumusha siqhubeka sikhula, kanjalo nesidingo sabahumushi bekhwalithi kulo mkhakha. Ochwepheshe abanolwazi ngokuqinisekile bayothola umsebenzi omningi, kuyilapho labo abasha ekuhumusheni bengazuza ekufuneni okwandayo ngokwandisa amakhono abo.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesiheberu olukhulunywa kuwo?

Isiheberu sikhulunywa Kwa-Israyeli, E-United States, Ecanada, Efrance Nase-Argentina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziselwa izinjongo ezingokwenkolo kwamanye amazwe amaningi, kuhlanganise Ne-United Kingdom, Ijalimane, Isweden nebulgaria.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesiheberu?

Ulimi lwesiheberu lunomlando wasendulo futhi onemigqa. Lolunye lwezilimi ezindala kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi luyingxenye ebalulekile yobunikazi namasiko Amajuda. Kukholakala ukuthi uhlobo lokuqala lwesiheberu lwavela endaweni Yasepalestine phakathi nekhulu le-12 b. c. e. Isiheberu sasiwulimi oluyinhloko Lwama-Israyeli phakathi nenkathi Yebhayibheli, futhi kamuva saba ulimi lwezincwadi Zorabi nemithandazo.
Ngesikhathi Sokuthunjwa Ebabiloni kusukela ngo-586 kuya ku-538 bce, Amajuda amukela amagama athile ase-Akkadian. Ngemva kokuwa Kwethempeli Lesibili NGO-70 ce, isiheberu saqala ukwehla kancane kancane ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, futhi ulimi olukhulunywayo kancane kancane lwaguqukela ezilimini ezihlukahlukene, Njengesi-Aramu Samajuda Asepalestine Nesiyiddish. Ukusetshenziswa kwesiheberu kwavuselelwa ekhulwini le-19 ngokuzalwa kwemibono Yamaziyoni nokusungulwa Kombuso wanamuhla Wakwaisrayeli ngo-1948. Namuhla, isiheberu sikhulunywa izigidi Zabantu Kwa-Israyeli nasemhlabeni wonke.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesiheberu?

1. U-Eliezer ben-yehuda (18581922): Owaziwa ngokuthi "Uyise wesiheberu Sanamuhla", Uben-yehuda waba nengxenye enkulu ekuvuseleleni ulimi lwesiheberu, olwalusuke seluphelile njengolimi olukhulunywayo. Wasungula isichazamazwi sokuqala sesiheberu sanamuhla, wenza isimiso sokupela esivamile futhi wabhala izincwadi eziningi ukuze asize ekusakazeni ulwazi lolimi.
2. Umoses mendelssohn (17291786): Umjuda wasejalimane okuthiwa nguye owethula isiko lesiheberu Nelamajuda kubantu abaningi abakhuluma isijalimane. Ukuhumusha Kwakhe Itorah isuka olimini lwesiheberu iya olimini lwesijalimane kwaletha umbhalo ezilalelini eziningi futhi kwasiza ekwandiseni ukwamukelwa kwesiheberu Eyurophu.
3. Uhayim nachman Bialik (18731934): imbongi nesikhwicamfundo esivelele Sakwa-Israyeli, Ubialik wayengumsekeli omkhulu wokwenza isiheberu sibe sesimanje nokwakha isiko elicebile lezincwadi zesiheberu. Wabhala izincwadi eziningi zakudala ngalolu limi futhi wethula amagama nemishwana emisha yesiheberu evame ukusetshenziswa namuhla.
4. U-Ezra ben-yehuda (18581922): Indodana Ka-Eliyezeri, lesi sazi sezilimi nesazi sezichazamazwi sathatha umsebenzi kayise futhi saqhubeka nawo. Wadala i-thesaurus yokuqala yesiheberu, wabhala kabanzi ngohlelo lolimi lwesiheberu, futhi wabambisana ngokubhala iphephandaba lokuqala lesiheberu lanamuhla.
5. Uchaim nachman Bialik (18731934): Umfowabo Kahayim, Uchaim naye waba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesiheberu. Wayengumgxeki wezincwadi odumile, ekhethekile ezincwadini zesiheberu futhi ethuthukisa umtapo wezincwadi wesiheberu. Wayephethe nokuhumushela izincwadi zakudala ezilimini Zaseyurophu olimini lwesiheberu.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesiheberu sinjani?

Ulimi lwesiheberu luwulimi Lwamasemite futhi lulandela isimiso sokubhala sama-abjad. Ibhalwe kusuka kwesokudla kuya kwesobunxele, kusetshenziswa izinhlamvu zesiheberu. Ukuhleleka kwamagama okuyisisekelo komusho wesiheberu kuyisenzo–isihloko–into. Amagama, izimelabizo, izimelabizo, nezichasiso ziguqulwa ukuze kuboniswe ubulili, inombolo, kanye/noma ukuba nazo. Izenzo zihlanganiswa ukuze kutholakale umuntu, inombolo, ubulili, isikhathi, isimo sengqondo, nesici.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesiheberu ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start nge alfabhethi. Thola ukhululekile ukufunda, ukubiza nokubhala izincwadi. 2. Funda eziyisisekelo lolimi Hebrew. Start ngokuhlanganiswa kwesenzo nokwehla kwegama. 3. Yakha silulumagama yakho. Funda amagama ayisisekelo ezifana izinsuku zesonto, izinyanga, izinombolo, imishwana ezivamile kanye nezinkulumo. 4. Prakthiza ukukhuluma isiheberu nge isikhulumi bomdabu. Ingxoxo ingenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokufunda! 5. Funda imibhalo yesiheberu ubuke amavidiyo ngesiheberu nge izihlokwana. 6. Lalela umculo Hebrew kanye okuqoshiwe audio. 7. Sebenzisa imithombo yesiheberu eku-inthanethi. Kunamawebhusayithi amaningi awusizo nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufunda isiheberu. 8. Yenza isiheberu sibe ingxenye yokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ukufaka lolu limi nsuku zonke kuzokusiza ukuba uluthathe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuhumusha isi-Udmurt inqubo yokuhumusha imibhalo isuka olimini olulodwa iye olimini Lwesi-Udmurt. Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt luwulimi Lwesi-Finno-Ugric olukhulunywa ngabantu base-Udmurt abahlala Eriphabhulikhi Yase-Udmurt, etholakala Enkabeni Yerussia. Lolu limi lunomlando namasiko acebile, futhi luwulimi olusemthethweni Eriphabhuliki Yase-Udmurt. Nakuba lolu limi lungase lubhekwe njengolungamelwe kahle ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, lusalokhu luwulimi olubalulekile kulabo abavela kule ndawo noma abanesithakazelo olimini, emasikweni nasemlandweni wabantu base-Udmurt.

Uma kuziwa Ekuhumusheni Isi-Udmurt, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kwenziwa izinguqulo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa abahumushi bolimi lwesi-Udmurt abanolwazi, abanolwazi ngolimi nangomongo wamasiko. Umhumushi kufanele akwazi ukuqonda uhlelo lolimi, ukupela amagama, kanye nemisho yolimi ukuze enze izinguqulo ezinembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele bakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokunembile ukwanda nokuhlukahluka kwamagama ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi umbhalo usondelene kakhulu nombhalo wokuqala ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukuhumusha isi-Udmurt kungasiza ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kwamasiko futhi kunikeze abantu abavela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ithuba lokuqondana. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa cishe kunoma iyiphi insimu, kuhlanganise nebhizinisi, izincwadi, nabezindaba. Ingasetshenziselwa futhi ukusiza ukulondoloza isiko nomlando wabantu Base-Udmurt ngokuvumela izindaba zabo namazwi abo ukuba ezwakale yizilaleli ezinkulu.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhumusha Isi-Udmurt kungaba ithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu lokuqonda ulimi namasiko abantu base-Udmurt. Ngokuqonda imibhalo Yesi-Udmurt, kunganikeza izilaleli eziningi ithuba lokwazisa nokufunda olimini nasemasikweni abantu base-Udmurt. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba yindlela enhle yokukhuthaza ukuqonda phakathi kwamasiko nokufunda okwengeziwe ngomunye nomunye.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt?

Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt lukhulunywa kakhulu Eriphabhuliki Yase-Udmurt, etholakala esifundeni Sasevolga Erussia. Kukhulunywa nasemiphakathini emincane kwezinye izingxenye Zaserussia, kanye nasemazweni angomakhelwane njengekazakhstan, Ibelarus Nefinland.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesi-Udmurt?

Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt luyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Uralic futhi luhlobene kakhulu nezilimi Zesi-Finno-Ugric. Kukhulunywa ngabantu abangaba ngu-680,000, ikakhulukazi Eriphabhulikhi Yase-Udmurt (Erussia) nasendaweni ezungezile. Uhlobo lwayo lokubhala lwabhalwa ngekhulu le-18 ngabapristi bama-orthodox aserussia, abakha isimiso sokubhala esisekelwe ezinhlamvwini Zesicyrillic. Lolu hlelo lokubhala lwaqhubeka lwandiswa futhi lwathuthukiswa phakathi nekhulu le-19 nele-20, okwaholela olimini lokubhala lwanamuhla. Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt lusasetshenziswa nanamuhla ezifundeni ezinabantu abangama-Udmurt, futhi lufundiswa nasezikoleni nasemanyuvesi.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesi-Udmurt?

1. Uvasiliy Ivanovich Alymov-isazi sezilimi nombhali wemisebenzi eminingi yolimi Lwesi-Udmurt, owabhala uhlelo lolimi olucacile futhi wamisa imithetho eminingi nemigomo esasetshenziswa nanamuhla.
2. Uvyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov-Isazi nomlobi wemisebenzi eminingi ngolimi namasiko Ase-Udmurt, kuhlanganise nohlelo lolimi olunzulu nezifundo ngesakhiwo sezinkondlo zase-Udmurt.
3. Unina vitalievna Kirsanova-Rodionova - umqambi emkhakheni we-Udmurt ebhaliwe, wabhala izincwadi zokuqala ngolimi futhi wadala isichazamazwi sokuqala sase-Ukraine-Udmurt.
4. Umikhayl romanovich pavlov-Owaziwa ngegalelo lakhe elikhulu emkhakheni wolimi Lwesi-Udmurt, izincwadi, kanye nezinganekwane, wayengomunye wabantu bokuqala ukuqopha nokubhala izingoma zomdabu zesifunda.
5. U-Olga Valerianovna fyodorova - Lozhkina-Omunye wabantu bokuqala ukutadisha ulimi namasiko Ase-Udmurt, washicilela amaphephandaba okuqala olimi lwesi-Udmurt futhi wabhala uhlelo lolimi nezinye izinto zokufundisa.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesi-Udmurt sinjani?

Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt luwulimi Lwesi-Uralic, oluhlobene kakhulu nesifinnish nesi-estonia, futhi lunokufana okuthile nezilimi Zasekomi-zyryan nasepermic. Isakhiwo sayo sibonakala nge-agglutinative morphology, okusho ukuthi amagama akhiwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-affix ezincazelo nemiqondo ehlukene. Ulimi lunokuvumelana konkamisa okuyisici nesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokwehla kwamagama. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezenzi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kunezimo ezihlukahlukene, izici, nezikhathi, kanye nokuhlukanisa okuyisisekelo phakathi kwamafomu aphelele nalawo angaphelele.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Udmurt ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngokuzijwayeza ulimi. Funda mayelana zamagama kanye pronunciation futhi uthole ukuqonda eziyisisekelo lolimi.
2. Funda futhi ulalele native Udmurt imithombo. Lalela izindaba zendawo futhi uvumelane umculo NEZINHLELO TV ngolimi.
3. Prakthiza ukukhuluma nokubhala Udmurt. Thola umlingani ulimi noma usebenzise izinkundla inthanethi kanye nezingosi zokuxoxa ukuzijayeza.
4. Thatha izifundo zolimi Lwesi-Udmurt. Kunezikhungo eziningi zezilimi ezinikeza izifundo zolimi Lwesi-Udmurt futhi ungazithola ku-inthanethi.
5. Gxila emasikweni naselulwimini. Vakashela Udmurtia futhi ukhulume izikhulumi bomdabu ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngezilimi zendawo namasiko.