I-telugu Kazakhname (Latin) Guqulela

I-Telugu lulwimi olusemthethweni lwelizwe Laseindiya iandhra Pradesh, kwaye kuthethwa zizigidi zabantu kulo Lonke Elaseindiya, kubandakanya nakwezinye iindawo Zasekarnataka, Isitamil Nadu, Kunye Nemaharashtra. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi, ukufumana iinguqulelo Zesitelugu kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kubantu abaninzi, ngakumbi abo bahlala phesheya.

Ngombulelo, ngoku kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokuthenjwa zokufumana iinguqulelo eziphezulu Zesitelegram. Iinkonzo zobungcali zikho ezibonelela ngeenguqulelo ezichanekileyo, eziqinisekisiweyo zamaxwebhu oshishino kunye nawobuqu ukusuka kwisingesi Ukuya Kwitelugu okanye ngokuchaseneyo. Ezi nkonzo zisebenzisa abaguquleli abanamava abazizithethi zolwimi lweenkobe kwaye baqinisekisa ukuba onke amaxwebhu aguqulelweyo agcina inqanaba elifanayo lokuchaneka kunye nomgangatho njengomxholo wokuqala.

Kumashishini, ukufumana uguqulelo Oluchanekileyo lwetelugu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yempumelelo yamanye amazwe. Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba amaxwebhu abo aguqulelwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze bafikelele kubathengi abanokubakho kunye namaqabane elizweni. Iinguqulelo ezichanileyo aziyi kubanceda nje ukuba bandise ngempumelelo ukufikelela kwiimarike zabo, kodwa ziya kunceda ukuphepha ukungaqondani okunokukhokelela kwiimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu.

Xa kuziwa kubantu abafuna ukufumana amaxwebhu abo obuqu aguqulelwe, iinguqulelo Zesitelegram zibalulekile. Oku kunokuba kubaluleke ngakumbi kubantu abafuna ukufaka isicelo se-visa, ubumi, imisebenzi, okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo loxwebhu olufuna ukuchaneka ngokusemthethweni.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isizathu, iinguqulelo Ze-Telegram kufuneka zibe yinto ephambili. Ngokukhetha iinkonzo zobungcali eziqesha abaguquleli besithethi somthonyama, amashishini kunye nabantu ngokufanayo banokuqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu abo achanekile kwaye aguqulelwe ngobuchule ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwesitelugu?

Isitelugu sithethwa ikakhulu Eindiya, apho lulwimi olusemthethweni kumazwe Eandhra Pradesh, Itelangana Neyanam. Ikwathethwa ngabantu abambalwa abambalwa kumazwe angabamelwane Basekarnataka, Etamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh Kunye Ne-Odisha, kwaye kuthethwa ngobuninzi kwilizwe Lasepuducherry, eyintsimi yomanyano Yaseindiya.

Yintoni imbali Yolwimi Lwetelegram?

Ulwimi Lwesitelugu lwaqala ukuvela kwimisebenzi yokubhala esekelwe Kwisisanskrit yekhulu le-10 kwaye sele iguqukile Ukusuka Kwitelugu Endala, Ukuya Kwitelugu Ephakathi kunye nolwimi lwesitelugu lwangoku. Imibhalo yokuqala eyaziwayo Kwisitelugu yabuyela kwikhulu le-5 AD kwaye yafunyanwa Kwi-Asrama imiqolomba yesithili Sase-Anantapur E-Andhra Pradesh. Olu lwimi lwalusetyenziselwa iirekhodi zomthetho nezorhwebo ngeli xesha.
Ngexesha eliphakathi, Utelugu wayephenjelelwa kakhulu ngamasanskrit Kunye Namaprakrit kunye neembongi zeli xesha zabhala ngothando lwabo ngolwimi. Imizekelo yale misebenzi iquka I-Mahabharatam Yasenannayya, I-Palkuriki Somana Yasebasava Puranam, Kunye Ne-Tikkanna Yaserukmangada Charitra.
Ukutyhubela inkulungwane ye-17 neye-18, uncwadi Lwesitelugu lwachuma, kunye nababhali abanjengobhimi Reddi, Pingali Surana, Atukuri Molla, Chinnayasoori, Paravastu Chinnayya Sori, Nokandukuri Veeresalingam Pantulu bonke besenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kulwimi noncwadi lwalo. Ngomnyaka we-1875, Iyunivesithi Yasemadras yaqala ukufundisa Iincwadi Zesitelugu, okwenza iyunivesithi yokuqala Yaseindiya ukwenza njalo.
Namhlanje, Itelugu lolona lwimi luthethwayo Kwaye lolunye lweelwimi ezisemthethweni Zaseindiya. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwilizwe Lase-Andhra Pradesh nakwimimandla ekumda Wasekarnataka, Etamil Nadu Nase-Orissa, nakwezinye iindawo Zasemaharashtra, Echhattisgarh Nasejharkhand.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu Kulwimi Lwesitelugu?

1. I-Vemana: I-vemana yimbongi Eyaziwayo Yasetelugu, i-mystic kunye nefilosofi. Uyaziwa kakhulu ngemibongo yakhe enobubele kunye nengqiqo, ebonisa iimfundiso Ze-Advaita Vedanta. Wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kwinkcubeko kunye noncwadi Lwetelugu.
2. Unannayya: Unannayya ngumfundi Wesisanskrit, igrama kunye nomlobi owayephila ngekhulu le-11. Uthathwa njengoyise woncwadi Lwesitelegram njengoko kukholeleka ukuba ubhale imizekelo yokuqala yoncwadi Lwesitelegram.
3. Unkulunkulu uqobo lwakhe, oyingqayizivele i izwi lamashumi amane nanye unkulunkulu uqobo lwakhe, oyingqayizivele i izwi lamashumi amane nanye Kubikwa ngokubhala Imahabharata Etelugu, eyaziwa ngokuthi 'Tikkana Mahabharatamu'. Kwakhona wabhala amagqabantshintshi Nge-Bhagavad Gita,Bhagavata Purana, Kunye Ne-Upanishads.
4. U-Annamacharya: U-Annamacharya uyimbongi ephefumlelweyo kunye nengcwele eyayiphila ngekhulu le-15. Waqamba iingoma ezingaphezu kwe-32 000 ngokudumisa Inkosi Ivenkateswara Etirupati, eyaziwa ngokudibeneyo njenge 'Sri Annamacharya Sankirtanas'. Ezi ngoma zisaculwa kwiitempile kumazantsi Eindiya namhlanje.
5. Uc. P. Brown: Ucharles Philip Brown wayengumfundi Wasebrithani Kunye ne-philologist owayesebenza kakhulu Ngolwimi Lwesitelugu. Waqulunqa isichazi-magama sokuqala Sesitelugu kwaye waguqulela imisebenzi emininzi yeklasikhi ukusuka Kwisisanskrit Ukuya Kwisitelugu. Igalelo lakhe elixabisekileyo Kulwimi Lwesitelugu noncwadi lukhunjulwa nanamhlanje.

Njani ulwimi Lwesitelegram?

I-Telugu lulwimi oluguqukayo, oluthetha ukuba amagama ayenziwa ngokongeza izimamva kwisiseko okanye ifom yengcambu. Umzekelo, igama elithi "inja" ngu "kukka" kwaye igama elithi "izinja" ngu " kukkala.""Isakhiwo silumkile, I-Telugu ine-vso (Isenzi-Isihloko-Into) umyalelo wegama, kwaye isebenzisa isini kunye nokuhlukana kwetyala. Inamatyala amathathu aphambili: ngqo, oblique, kunye nendawo. Ukongezelela, inezenzi ezine kunye nenkqubo entsonkothileyo yokuhlonipha.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwesitelugu ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Thatha ikhosi yolwimi Lwesitelegram: kukho inani lezifundo ezikwi-intanethi nezisemntwini ezikhoyo ukukunceda ufunde Isitelegram. Bhalisa ukuze ufumane intshayelelo ebanzi kulwimi, eya kukumisela impumelelo.
2. Phanda I-telegram: kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela ulwimi olusebenza ngayo kwimeko yokuncokola. Qala ngokumamela izithethi zomthonyama Zetelugu kwaye uziqhelanise nokuphindaphinda amabinzana emva kwabo.
3. Sebenzisa izibonelelo ukuziqhelanisa negrama: Nje Ukuba ube nenqanaba elisisiseko lokuncokola Ngesitelegu, qala ujonge imiba entsonkothileyo yolwimi, njengokuqina kwesenzi kunye nolwakhiwo lwesivakalisi. Ukufunda iincwadi, amaphephandaba kunye namanqaku Etelugu yindlela enhle yokusebenzisa izakhono zakho zegrama.
4. Sebenzisa izibonelelo ze-intanethi: iiwebhusayithi Ezininzi zibonelela ngemisebenzi yokufunda kunye nolwazi malunga nolwimi Lwesitelugu kunye nenkcubeko. Jonga iiforamu Zolwimi Lwesitelugu ukuze udibane nabanye abafundi, fumana amaqabane okufunda, kwaye ubuze imibuzo.
5. Zibhaptize kwinkcubeko: indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukuntywila kwinkcubeko. Mamela Umculo Wesitelugu, ubukele iimuvi, uye kwiminyhadala kunye neminyhadala, kwaye wenze abahlobo nabantu abathetha Isitelugu ukuba batyibilike kulwimi.

Inguqulelo yesikazakh (yesilatini) ihlala isetyenziselwa amashishini kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni, ukutolika izithethi zesikazakh ezingathethi isingesi okanye ezinye iilwimi, okanye ukunxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nabaphulaphuli abathetha isikazakh. Ekazakhstan, isilatini yinkqubo yokubhala esemthethweni yolwimi lwesikazakh, ngelixa Isicyrillic sisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinye iindawo.

Namhlanje, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yokuguqulelwa kwamaxwebhu ukusuka nasekazakh (isilatini). Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka aqhelane nolwimi lwesikazakh kunye negrama yalo kunye nokuqonda kakuhle ulwimi lomthombo. Ukuguqulelwa kweetekisi ezintsonkothileyo kunye namaxwebhu kuba nzima ngakumbi xa ulwimi lomthombo lungafani nolwimi ekujoliswe kulo.

Umguquleli kufuneka abe nomyalelo olungileyo wesivakalisi, upelo, kunye nezaci zolwimi abazama ukuvelisa inguqulelo esemgangathweni. Into ebalulekileyo yokuguqulela ekazakh (isilatini) kukuba kukho isidingo sokuba umguquleli agcine inqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba olu xwebhu alutolikwa gwenxa.

Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba umguquleli aqonde inkcubeko kunye nembali yengingqi ukuze uguqulelo lwabo lungachanekanga kuphela, kodwa lubonakalise umongo wengingqi. Ukuqonda okunjalo kunokunceda umguquleli ukuba avelise uguqulelo oluchanekileyo ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ulwimi lusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye naziphi na izikhombisi zenkcubeko kwisicatshulwa zitolikwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukuchaneka kubaluleke ngakumbi xa kufikwa ekuguquleleni amaxwebhu asemthethweni, afuna ukuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka. Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka akwazi ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba enokubakho enokuvela ngoguqulelo kwaye ayilungise ngaphambi kokuhambisa imveliso yokugqibela.

Ukuqukumbela, kucacile ukuba umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka abe nokuqonda okuhle kolwimi azama ukuluguqulela, kunye nolwazi olunzulu lwenkcubeko kunye nembali yommandla ukuze avelise inguqulelo esemgangathweni yesikazakh( isilatini).

Ngawaphi amazwe ekuthethwa ngawo ngesikazakh (isilatini)?

Ulwimi lwasekazakh, olubhalwe kwisilatin script, luthethwa luninzi lwabemi Basekazakhstan kwaye lukwathethwa Emongolia, China, Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, Turkmenistan Nase-Uzbekistan.

Yintoni ilatin latin (Kazakh)?

Ulwimi Lwasekazakhstan lolona lwimi luthethwa Kakhulu Ekazakhstan kwaye lolona lwimi lusemthethweni lwelizwe. Ikwayenye yeelwimi ezisemthethweni Ebayan-Ölgii Kwiphondo Lasemongolia. Ikazakh yenye yeelwimi ezindala Zaseturkey kwaye imbali yayo ebhaliweyo inokulandelwa emva kwinkulungwane ye-8 xa yayisetyenziswa Kwimibhalo Yeorkhon Emongolia. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ulwimi luye lwavela lwaza lwaziqhelanisa nemeko yenkcubeko nezopolitiko eguqukayo Yasekazakhstan.
I-Kazakh yabhalwa ekuqaleni kwiskripthi sesiarabhu kodwa ngo-1930, ngexesha Lesoviet era, iskripthi sesilatini esiguquliweyo samkelwa njengenkqubo yokubhala esemgangathweni yolwimi. Ialfabhethi yesilatini yasekazakh inoonobumba abangama-32 yaye iquka oonobumba abahlukahlukeneyo bezikhamiso ezimfutshane nezinde kwakunye nezinye izandi ezikhethekileyo kulwimi. Ngo-2017, ialfabhethi yesilatini yasekazakh yaguqulwa kancinci kwaye ngoku ibandakanya oonobumba abangama-33.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesikazakh( lwesilatin)?

1. U-Abay Qunanbayuli (1845-1904) - ubukrelekrele bokubhala babantu basekazakh, ubizwa ngokuphucula inkqubo yokubhala yesilatini yasekazakh kwaye uyazisa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.
2. Umagzhan Zhumabayev (1866-1919) - wayengumcebisi omkhulu We-Latinization yolwimi lwasekazakh. Waqhubeka nomsebenzi We-Abay kwaye unoxanduva lokudala i-Kazakh Latin alphabet yanamhlanje.
3. Bauyrzhan Momyshuly (1897-1959 – - wayengumlobi odumileyo, imbongi kunye nezopolitiko Ezivela Ekazakhstan owaziwa ngokuphuhlisa ulwimi lwasekazakh kulwimi olumanyeneyo, olumiselweyo.
4. Umukhtar Auezov (1897-1961) - umbhali onempembelelo yasekazakh, Uaezov wayezibophelele kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasekazakh kunye nenkcubeko yalo. Wabhala imisebenzi emininzi ekazakh, esasaza inkqubo yokubhala yesilatini.
5. I – Kenzhegali Bulegenov (1913-1984) - Ibulegenov yayiyingcali yeelwimi ebalulekileyo kunye nomntu obalaseleyo kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasekazakh. Wayesebenza kwiincwadi ezininzi, kwizichazi-magama nakwiigrama, enceda ekwenzeni ikazakh ibe lulwimi lokubhala.

Njani ulwimi lwasekazakh (lwesilatin)?

Ubume bolwimi lwesikazakh (isilatini) ubukhulu becala busekelwe kulwimi lwesiturkey. I-phonology yayo ibonakaliswa yi-vowel harmony, iqondo eliphezulu lokunciphisa i-consonantal, kunye nokukhethwa kwee-syllables ezivulekileyo. Igrammatic, lulwimi olunamandla kakhulu, kunye nezibizo kunye nezichazi ezibonisa izihlanganisi ezininzi kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeparadigms. Inkqubo yayo yesenzi nayo iyinkimbinkimbi, kunye neenkqubo ezimbini zomlomo (eziqhelekileyo kunye ezincedisayo), izimaphambili, izimamva kunye nenkqubo ecacileyo yenkalo kunye nomoya. I-Kazakh (i-Latin alphabet) yi-Latin-based alphabet.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasekazakh (isilatini) ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Funda alphabet Ialfabhethi yasekazakh ibhalwe ngesilatini, ke kuya kufuneka ufunde oonobumba abangama-26 kunye nezandi zabo ezinxulumene noko.
2. Fumana uluhlu lwamagama egama giuseppina. Unokwenza oku ngokufunda iincwadi malunga neziseko zolwimi okanye ngezixhobo ze-intanethi ezifana nevidiyo Ze-YouTube.
3. Ziqhelise ukuthetha. Kuba ulwimi aluthethwa ngokubanzi, unokufuna ukufumana umntu othetha naye okanye ikhosi yeaudio ekwi-intanethi onokuziqhelanisa nayo.
4. Est imali kwezinye izinto zokufunda ezisemgangathweni. Ezi zinokubandakanya iincwadi zezifundo, iikhosi zomsindo okanye zevidiyo, okanye iiwebhusayithi kunye neeapps.
5. Mamela izithethi zomthonyama rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ungasebenzisa umculo, iinkqubo zikamabonwakude, iividiyo kunye neepodcasts ukukunceda ukuba uqhelane nesingqisho ngokubanzi solwimi.
6. Zicel ' umngeni. Funda isigama esitsha kwaye uziqhelanise nokuyisebenzisa kwincoko. Zama ukubhala iincwadi uze uzifunde ngokuvakalayo.
7. Musa ukunikezela! Ukufunda ulwimi yinkqubo ende, ke yiba nomonde kwaye wonwabe ngayo!