Kazakhname (Latin) Iimpahla zolwimi Guqulela

Inguqulelo yesikazakh (yesilatini) ihlala isetyenziselwa amashishini kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni, ukutolika izithethi zesikazakh ezingathethi isingesi okanye ezinye iilwimi, okanye ukunxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nabaphulaphuli abathetha isikazakh. Ekazakhstan, isilatini yinkqubo yokubhala esemthethweni yolwimi lwesikazakh, ngelixa Isicyrillic sisasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinye iindawo.

Namhlanje, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yokuguqulelwa kwamaxwebhu ukusuka nasekazakh (isilatini). Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka aqhelane nolwimi lwesikazakh kunye negrama yalo kunye nokuqonda kakuhle ulwimi lomthombo. Ukuguqulelwa kweetekisi ezintsonkothileyo kunye namaxwebhu kuba nzima ngakumbi xa ulwimi lomthombo lungafani nolwimi ekujoliswe kulo.

Umguquleli kufuneka abe nomyalelo olungileyo wesivakalisi, upelo, kunye nezaci zolwimi abazama ukuvelisa inguqulelo esemgangathweni. Into ebalulekileyo yokuguqulela ekazakh (isilatini) kukuba kukho isidingo sokuba umguquleli agcine inqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba olu xwebhu alutolikwa gwenxa.

Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba umguquleli aqonde inkcubeko kunye nembali yengingqi ukuze uguqulelo lwabo lungachanekanga kuphela, kodwa lubonakalise umongo wengingqi. Ukuqonda okunjalo kunokunceda umguquleli ukuba avelise uguqulelo oluchanekileyo ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ulwimi lusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye naziphi na izikhombisi zenkcubeko kwisicatshulwa zitolikwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukuchaneka kubaluleke ngakumbi xa kufikwa ekuguquleleni amaxwebhu asemthethweni, afuna ukuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka. Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka akwazi ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba enokubakho enokuvela ngoguqulelo kwaye ayilungise ngaphambi kokuhambisa imveliso yokugqibela.

Ukuqukumbela, kucacile ukuba umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka abe nokuqonda okuhle kolwimi azama ukuluguqulela, kunye nolwazi olunzulu lwenkcubeko kunye nembali yommandla ukuze avelise inguqulelo esemgangathweni yesikazakh( isilatini).

Ngawaphi amazwe ekuthethwa ngawo ngesikazakh (isilatini)?

Ulwimi lwasekazakh, olubhalwe kwisilatin script, luthethwa luninzi lwabemi Basekazakhstan kwaye lukwathethwa Emongolia, China, Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, Turkmenistan Nase-Uzbekistan.

Yintoni ilatin latin (Kazakh)?

Ulwimi Lwasekazakhstan lolona lwimi luthethwa Kakhulu Ekazakhstan kwaye lolona lwimi lusemthethweni lwelizwe. Ikwayenye yeelwimi ezisemthethweni Ebayan-Ölgii Kwiphondo Lasemongolia. Ikazakh yenye yeelwimi ezindala Zaseturkey kwaye imbali yayo ebhaliweyo inokulandelwa emva kwinkulungwane ye-8 xa yayisetyenziswa Kwimibhalo Yeorkhon Emongolia. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ulwimi luye lwavela lwaza lwaziqhelanisa nemeko yenkcubeko nezopolitiko eguqukayo Yasekazakhstan.
I-Kazakh yabhalwa ekuqaleni kwiskripthi sesiarabhu kodwa ngo-1930, ngexesha Lesoviet era, iskripthi sesilatini esiguquliweyo samkelwa njengenkqubo yokubhala esemgangathweni yolwimi. Ialfabhethi yesilatini yasekazakh inoonobumba abangama-32 yaye iquka oonobumba abahlukahlukeneyo bezikhamiso ezimfutshane nezinde kwakunye nezinye izandi ezikhethekileyo kulwimi. Ngo-2017, ialfabhethi yesilatini yasekazakh yaguqulwa kancinci kwaye ngoku ibandakanya oonobumba abangama-33.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesikazakh( lwesilatin)?

1. U-Abay Qunanbayuli (1845-1904) - ubukrelekrele bokubhala babantu basekazakh, ubizwa ngokuphucula inkqubo yokubhala yesilatini yasekazakh kwaye uyazisa ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.
2. Umagzhan Zhumabayev (1866-1919) - wayengumcebisi omkhulu We-Latinization yolwimi lwasekazakh. Waqhubeka nomsebenzi We-Abay kwaye unoxanduva lokudala i-Kazakh Latin alphabet yanamhlanje.
3. Bauyrzhan Momyshuly (1897-1959 – - wayengumlobi odumileyo, imbongi kunye nezopolitiko Ezivela Ekazakhstan owaziwa ngokuphuhlisa ulwimi lwasekazakh kulwimi olumanyeneyo, olumiselweyo.
4. Umukhtar Auezov (1897-1961) - umbhali onempembelelo yasekazakh, Uaezov wayezibophelele kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasekazakh kunye nenkcubeko yalo. Wabhala imisebenzi emininzi ekazakh, esasaza inkqubo yokubhala yesilatini.
5. I – Kenzhegali Bulegenov (1913-1984) - Ibulegenov yayiyingcali yeelwimi ebalulekileyo kunye nomntu obalaseleyo kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasekazakh. Wayesebenza kwiincwadi ezininzi, kwizichazi-magama nakwiigrama, enceda ekwenzeni ikazakh ibe lulwimi lokubhala.

Njani ulwimi lwasekazakh (lwesilatin)?

Ubume bolwimi lwesikazakh (isilatini) ubukhulu becala busekelwe kulwimi lwesiturkey. I-phonology yayo ibonakaliswa yi-vowel harmony, iqondo eliphezulu lokunciphisa i-consonantal, kunye nokukhethwa kwee-syllables ezivulekileyo. Igrammatic, lulwimi olunamandla kakhulu, kunye nezibizo kunye nezichazi ezibonisa izihlanganisi ezininzi kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeparadigms. Inkqubo yayo yesenzi nayo iyinkimbinkimbi, kunye neenkqubo ezimbini zomlomo (eziqhelekileyo kunye ezincedisayo), izimaphambili, izimamva kunye nenkqubo ecacileyo yenkalo kunye nomoya. I-Kazakh (i-Latin alphabet) yi-Latin-based alphabet.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasekazakh (isilatini) ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Funda alphabet Ialfabhethi yasekazakh ibhalwe ngesilatini, ke kuya kufuneka ufunde oonobumba abangama-26 kunye nezandi zabo ezinxulumene noko.
2. Fumana uluhlu lwamagama egama giuseppina. Unokwenza oku ngokufunda iincwadi malunga neziseko zolwimi okanye ngezixhobo ze-intanethi ezifana nevidiyo Ze-YouTube.
3. Ziqhelise ukuthetha. Kuba ulwimi aluthethwa ngokubanzi, unokufuna ukufumana umntu othetha naye okanye ikhosi yeaudio ekwi-intanethi onokuziqhelanisa nayo.
4. Est imali kwezinye izinto zokufunda ezisemgangathweni. Ezi zinokubandakanya iincwadi zezifundo, iikhosi zomsindo okanye zevidiyo, okanye iiwebhusayithi kunye neeapps.
5. Mamela izithethi zomthonyama rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ungasebenzisa umculo, iinkqubo zikamabonwakude, iividiyo kunye neepodcasts ukukunceda ukuba uqhelane nesingqisho ngokubanzi solwimi.
6. Zicel ' umngeni. Funda isigama esitsha kwaye uziqhelanise nokuyisebenzisa kwincoko. Zama ukubhala iincwadi uze uzifunde ngokuvakalayo.
7. Musa ukunikezela! Ukufunda ulwimi yinkqubo ende, ke yiba nomonde kwaye wonwabe ngayo!

Ibelarus lilizwe Elisempuma Yurophu elinomda Werashiya, Iukraine, Ipoland, Ilithuania Nelatvia. Ukuguqulela amaxwebhu, uncwadi kunye neewebhusayithi Kwi-Belarusian yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yonxibelelwano lwamazwe aphesheya, hayi kuphela Phakathi Kwebelarusians kunye nezinye izizwe kodwa nakwilizwe ngokwalo. Ngabemi abaphantse babe zizigidi ezili-10, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukuguqulela ngokufanelekileyo Kwisibelarusian ukuze unxibelelane ngokufanelekileyo nawo onke amacandelo oluntu kweli lizwe lahlukeneyo.

Ulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasebelarus Sisibelarusian kwaye zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokubhala, zombini ezihlala zisetyenziswa ekuguquleleni: ialfabhethi yesilatini Kunye Nesicyrillic. Ialfabhethi yesilatini ivela kwisilatini, ulwimi Lobukhosi Baseroma, kwaye isetyenziswa kumazwe amaninzi asentshona; inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nealfabhethi yasepoland. Ngeli xesha, I-Cyrillic, ephuma kwi-alfabhethi yesigrike kwaye yadalwa yimonki, inxulumene kakhulu nerashiya kwaye isetyenziswe kumazwe amaninzi Empuma Yurophu Naseasia Ephakathi.

Umguquleli Wasebelarusian kufuneka aqonde kakuhle zombini ialfabhethi ukuze adlulise ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yombhalo womthombo. Umguquleli kufuneka abe nomyalelo olungileyo wegrama kunye nesigama Sasebelarusian, kunye nolwazi lwenkcubeko Yasebelarusian, ukuze avelise uguqulelo oluchanekileyo.

Ukuguqulela Ukusuka Kwisingesi Ukuya Kwisibelarusian okanye Ukusuka Kwisibelarusian ukuya kwisingesi akunzima kangako, ukuba nje umguquleli uluqonda ulwimi kwaye uyakwazi ukuhambisa umyalezo ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi unzima ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukuguqulela Ukusuka Ebelarusian ukuya kolunye ulwimi olufana nesijamani, isifrentshi, okanye ispanish. Oku kungenxa yokuba umguquleli unokufuna ukuguqula umyalezo kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo usebenzisa amagama okanye amabinzana angekhoyo Ebelarusian.

Omnye umceli mngeni abajamelene nawo abaguquleli Basebelarusian kukuba amagama amaninzi kunye namabinzana anokuba neenguqulelo ezininzi kuxhomekeke kumongo. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, kukho amagama aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ngesingesi Nangesibelarusian, ke umguquleli kufuneka azi ngalo mahluko kwaye adjustelelanise uguqulelo lwabo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ekugqibeleni, xa uguqulela Ebelarusian, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikela ingqalelo kumxholo wenkcubeko kwaye uphephe nayiphi na imigaqo ekhubekisayo okanye engathandekiyo yenkcubeko okanye amabinzana. Ukuze uguqulele ngokuchanekileyo umyalezo Ngesibelarusian, umguquleli kufuneka aqhelane nolwimi, izakhiwo zalo zegrama, kunye nemeko yenkcubeko yoluntu Lwasebelarusian.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni umsebenzi, uguqulelo Lwasebelarusian lunokuba ngumceli mngeni, kodwa ngohlobo olufanelekileyo lolwazi kunye nobuchule, lunokuphumelela. Ngokuqonda indlela ulwimi olusebenza ngayo kunye nokuqonda ukubaluleka komxholo wenkcubeko, umguquleli Wasebelarusian onobuchule unokunceda ukuvala umsantsa wolwimi kwaye enze unxibelelwano olunentsingiselo.

Ngawaphi Amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwasebelarusian?

Ulwimi Lwasebelarusian luthethwa ikakhulu Ebelarus nakwimimandla Ethile Yaserussia, Eukraine, Elithuania, Elatvia Nasepoland.

Ziziphi iilwimi Ezisemthethweni Zasebelarusian?

Ulwimi Lwasebelarusian lwakudala Lwasempuma Slavic. Olu lwimi lwavela ngenkulungwane ye-11 kwaye yayilulwimi lwexesha Lasekievan Rus' ngaphambi kokuhla kwayo ngenkulungwane ye-13. Ngeli xesha, Yayiphenjelelwa Kakhulu Yicawa Yeslavonic nezinye iilwimi.
Ngenkulungwane ye-13 neye-14, olu lwimi lwaqalisa ukwahlukana lwaba ziziyelelane ezibini: iziyelelane ezisemantla nezasemazantsi Ebelarusian. Ulwimi lwasemazantsi lwalusisiseko solwimi loncwadi olusetyenziswa Kwigrand Duchy Yaselithuania, olwathi kamva lwaba lulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni lwelo lizwe.
Ngexesha Le-Muscovite, ukususela ngekhulu le-15, Ibelarusian yayiphenjelelwa ngakumbi ngesirashiya, kwaye ulwimi Lwangoku Lwasebelarusian lwaqala ukuthatha imilo yalo. Ngenkulungwane ye-16 neye-17, kwabakho iinzame zokulungisa nokulungisa ulwimi, kodwa ezi nzame ekugqibeleni aziphumelelanga.
Ngenkulungwane ye-19, Ibelarusian yafumana imvuselelo njengolwimi oluthethwayo kunye nolwimi loncwadi. Ngowe-1920, kwathiwa enye yeelwimi ezisemthethweni Zesoviet Union. Nangona kunjalo, ukucinezelwa Kwamastalin kuma-1930 kwabangela ukuhla kokusetyenziswa kolwimi. Yavuselelwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960 kwaye ukususela ngoko yaba lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasebelarus.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwasebelarusian?

1. Ufrancysk Skaryna (1485-1541): Ngokuqhelekileyo ubizwa ngokuba "Nguyise Weencwadi Zasebelarusian", Uskaryna wayengumvakalisi wokuqala kunye nomguquleli weetekisi Zamakristu ezivela kwisilatini nesiczech Ukuya Ebelarusian. Ugxekwa ngokuvuselela ulwimi Lwasebelarusian kunye nokukhuthaza ababhali bexesha elizayo ukuba basebenze ngolwimi.
2. Usimeon Polotsky (1530-1580): umfundisi wezakwalizwi, imbongi kunye nefilosofi, Upolotsky waziwa ngemisebenzi yakhe emininzi kwiinkalo zolwimi, imbali, inkcubeko, inkolo kunye nejografi. Wabhala imibhalo emininzi Ngesibelarusian eye yaba yimisebenzi yeencwadi zasebelarusian.
3. Uyanka Kupala( 1882-1942): imbongi kunye nomdlali wokudlala, Kupala wabhala kuzo Zombini Ibelarusian kunye nesirashiya kwaye ithathwa ngokubanzi njengembongi ebaluleke Kakhulu Yasebelarusian yekhulu lama-20.
4. Uyaku Kolas (1882-1956): imbongi kunye nombhali, Ukolas wabhala ngolwimi Lwasebelarusian oluthethwa kwintshona yelizwe kwaye wazisa amagama amaninzi amatsha kunye namabinzana kulwimi.
5. Uvasil Bykaŭ (1924-2003): imbongi, umbhali wokudlala, umbhali wesikrini kunye nomphikisi, Ubykaŭ wabhala amabali, imidlalo kunye nemibongo ebonisa ubomi Ebelarus ngexesha lomsebenzi Wesoviet. Uninzi lwemisebenzi yakhe ithathwa njengenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kuncwadi lwangoku Lwasebelarusian.

Uluphi ulwimi Lwasebelarusian?

Ulwimi Lwasebelarusian luyinxalenye yeqela Leelwimi Zasempuma Slavic kwaye lihambelana kakhulu nesirashiya nesiukraine. I-inflective kakhulu, ithetha ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamagama zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa uluhlu lweentsingiselo, kunye nolwimi oluhlangeneyo, oku kuthetha ukuba amagama anzima kunye namabinzana adalwa ngokudibanisa izihlanganisi kwamanye amagama kunye ne-morphemes. I-Grammatically, ubukhulu becala I-SOV (isihloko-into-isenzi) ngokulandelelana kwegama kwaye isebenzisa zombini amadoda kunye nabasetyhini kunye namatyala amaninzi. Ngokwentetho, lulwimi Lweslavic oluneempembelelo ezithile zesiczech nesipolish.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwasebelarusian ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Thatha ikhosi yolwimi olusemthethweni: Ukuba unomdla wokufunda ulwimi Lwasebelarusian, ukuthatha ikhosi yolwimi lwe-Intanethi okanye lomntu yindlela elungileyo yokuqala. Ikhosi yolwimi inokukunceda ufunde iziseko zolwimi kwaye ikunike isakhiwo sokwakha kwizakhono zakho.
2. Ukuntywiliselwa: ukuze ufunde ulwimi ngokwenyani kwaye uzuze ngokutyibilikayo, uya kufuna ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka uzifaka kulwimi. Mamela Umculo Wasebelarusian, ubukele iifilimu Zasebelarusian kunye nemiboniso yetv, ufunde iincwadi Zasebelarusian, iiblogi kunye namanqaku-nantoni na eya kukunceda uve kwaye usebenzise ulwimi.
3. Ukuziqhelanisa: Ukuchitha ixesha uthetha kwaye umamele ulwimi kubalulekile ekufundeni ulwimi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuziqhelanisa nokuthetha ulwimi - unokujoyina iqela lolwimi, ufumane iqabane lolwimi, okanye usebenzise ii-apps zokufunda ulwimi ukuze uziqhelanise nezithethi zomthonyama.
4. Fumana ingxelo: Nje ukuba uziqhelanise nokuthetha nokumamela ulwimi, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane ingxelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo. Ungasebenzisa ii-apps zokufunda ulwimi ukufumana ingxelo kwizithethi zomthonyama okanye ufumane umhlohli okwi-intanethi onokukubonelela ngesikhokelo esenzelwe wena kunye nengxelo.