Kazakhname Isibhulu Guqulela

Inguqulelo yesikazakh yinkqubo ebaluleke ngakumbi njengoko ihlabathi liqhubeka likhula. Ngokukhula kweemarike zehlabathi, kukho imfuneko enkulu yeenkonzo ezichanekileyo zokuguqulela zasekazakh. Ukuguqulela ikazakh kwezinye iilwimi kwaye ngokuchaseneyo kunokuba yinkqubo ekhohlisayo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda ulwimi kunye negrama yalo, kunye nokwahluka kwenkcubeko phakathi kwamazwe ukuze kubonelelwe ngeenguqulelo ezisemgangathweni.

Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, kunye nezinye republics zangaphambili Soviet. Kuye kwaphenjelelwa sisiarabhu, isipersi nesirashiya ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. Olu lwimi luneelwimi ezine: Umzantsi, Umntla, Umzantsi-Mpuma Nentshona. Kuxhomekeka kuguqulelo lolwimi lwesiyelelane, imigaqo ethile yegrama neyokusetyenziswa isenokutshintsha. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba wazi zonke iinkcukacha ngaphambi kokuba uqalise iprojekthi yokuguqulela.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ube novelwano kwimiba yenkcubeko enokuchaphazela indlela ulwimi olubonwa ngayo. Umzekelo, ulwimi olusemthethweni luhlala lusetyenziswa xa kuxutyushwa imicimbi yezoshishino, ngelixa ulwimi olungacwangciswanga luhlala lukhethwa kwiingxoxo ezingaqhelekanga. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iminyaka yomguquleli, njengoko abaguquleli abancinci banokungazi amagama amadala okanye amabinzana asenokuba ebesetyenziswa kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukuba abaguquleli baqhelane nealfabhethi kunye nenkqubo yokubhala ulwimi abaluguqulelayo. I-Kazakh ibhalwe ngoonobumba abathathu abahlukeneyo, kodwa Isicyrillic sesona sixhaphakileyo namhlanje. Ukongeza, ulwimi lunemiqondiso yalo ebhaliweyo ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa iguqulela.

Ukuqukumbela, inguqulelo yesikazakh ifuna ukuqonda ulwimi, iziyelelane zayo, iindlela zenkcubeko noonobumba. Ngokuqwalasela zonke ezi nkalo, abaguquleli banokuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zidlulisela ngokuchanileyo umyalezo ekujoliswe kuwo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasekazakh?

I-kazakhstan lulwimi olusemthethweni Ekazakhstan, kunye nokuthethwa Erashiya nakwiindawo Zasechina, E-Afghanistan, Eturkey Nasemongolia.

Luluphi ulwimi oluthethwa ngesikazakh?

Imbali yolwimi lwasekazakh isusela emva phayaa kwiminyaka yee-1400 xa yaqala ukusetyenziswa njengolwimi olubhaliweyo phakathi kwezizwe ezithetha isiturkiki ezazihlala kumbindi Asia. Kukholelwa ukuba amagama amaninzi kulwimi lwesikazakh abolekwe kwezinye iilwimi Zaseturkey, kunye nesipersi, isiarabhu nesirashiya. Ngenkulungwane ye-18, ulwimi lwasekazakhstan lwaba lolona lwimi luphambili Ekazakhstan, yaye emva kwexesha Likastalin, lwaba lulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ekazakhstan ngowe-1996. Namhlanje, kuthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-11, ubukhulu becala Ekazakhstan, Euzbekistan Naserashiya.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasekazakh?

1. U-Abay Qunanbayuli (1845-1904) - owaziwa Ngokubanzi Ngokuba Nguyise woncwadi Lwangoku lwasekazakh, imbongi kunye nefilosofi eyazisa isitayile esitsha soncwadi kunye nolwimi lwanamhlanje.
2. Umagzhan Zhumabayev (1866-1938) - umbhali kunye notitshala obekwe emgangathweni iskripthi solwimi lwasekazakh sangoku.
3. Umukhtar Auezov ( 1897-1961) - umbhali obalaseleyo, umbhali wokudlala, Kunye Nomphathiswa wokuqala Wemfundo Esoviet Kazakhstan, obizwa ngokudibanisa nokuphuhlisa ulwimi lwasekazakh.
4. Ugabit Musrepov (1894-1937) - ingcali yeelwimi, utitshala, kunye ne-ethnographer owayenegalelo lokuqala kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasekazakh.
5. Uyerlan Nysanbayev (1903-1971) - umguquleli wolwimi kunye nomsunguli We-Kazakh Academy Of Sciences ofake igalelo elikhulu ekuphuculweni kolwimi lwasekazakh.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwasekazakh?

Ubume bolwimi lwasekazakh bunobugagu. Oku kuthetha ukuba amagama ayenziwa ngokudibanisa i-morphemes ukuba nganye inentsingiselo enye. I-Kazakh nayo ine-syntax ephelele, oku kuthetha ukuba umxholo wesigatya esingenanto kunye nento yesigatya sokuhamba sinokuboniswa ngendlela efanayo. Ulwimi lukwanamatyala asithoba ezibizo kunye nezenzi ezithandathu.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasekazakh ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokufunda iziseko. Funda ialfabhethi kunye nendlela yokufunda, ukubhala nokubiza amagama. 2. Funda igrama esisiseko kunye nesakhiwo sesivakalisi. Unokufumana izibonelelo ezininzi eziluncedo kwi-intanethi. 3. Mamela umculo wasekazakh kwaye ubukele iimovie zasekazakh KUNYE nemiboniso YETV ukuze uqhelane nolwimi oluthethwayo. 4. Ziqhelanise nomhlohli okanye isithethi somthonyama. Kubalulekile ukuba uqhelisele ukuthetha nokuva ulwimi ukuba lutyibilike. 5. Qhubeka ufunda. Bekela bucala ixesha suku ngalunye lokusebenza ekufundeni nasekuziqhelaniseni ulwimi. 6. Breathe into culture. Ukufunda iincwadi, ukumamela umculo, kunye nokufunda malunga nendlela yokuphila yasekazakh kuya kukunceda uluqonde ngcono ulwimi.

Isibhulu lulwimi oluthethwa kakhulu Emzantsi Afrika, Enamibia Nasebotswana ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezisi-7. Njengoko ulwimi luvela kwisidatshi, luqulethe ezininzi iimpawu zayo ezizodwa, okwenza kube nzima ukuguqulela kwisingesi.

Kuba ulwimi lunxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nesidatshi, ukuguqulelwa Kwesibhulu kufuna okungaphezulu kokutshintsha nje igama elinye kwelinye, njengoko kukho izinto ezininzi kunye nezinto zesitayile ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Umzekelo, amadatshi asebenzisa izimelabizo ezithile zesini, ngelixa Isibhulu singenzi njalo; ukongeza, izibizo zamadatshi zenziwa ngoonobumba ngelixa Isibhulu ngokubanzi singekho.

Ukongeza kokuntsonkotha kokuguqulela Isibhulu kwisingesi, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwinkcubeko phakathi kwala mazwe mabini afuna ubuntununtunu nokuqonda. Kuphela kungokuqonda ezi nuances apho umguquleli angabamba ngokwenene intsingiselo yombhalo wokuqala.

Xa kuguqulelwa Isibhulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo oqheleneyo neelwimi neenkcubeko. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka, kunye nokuthobela iimfuno zomthetho ezinje ngomthetho welungelo lokushicilela.

Kulabo abatsha ekusebenzeni Nesibhulu, ulwazi olusisiseko lolwimi lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwenguqulelo. Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo kufuneka aqhelane nolwakhiwo lwegrama, ii-colloquialisms kunye nezicatshulwa, ukubiza ezimbalwa.

Kwiinguqulelo ezintsonkothileyo, njengamaxwebhu obugcisa okanye izivumelwano zomthetho, kudla ngokuba luncedo ukuqesha iqela labaguquleli ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezichanileyo nezingaguquguqukiyo.

Inkqubo yokuguqulela Isibhulu inokubonakala inzima ekuqalekeni, kodwa ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nolwazi, inokufezekiswa ngokulula. Ngokuqesha umguquleli onobuchule onobuchule kuzo Zombini Isibhulu nesingesi, uya kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nomgangatho weenguqulelo zakho zesingesi.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isibhulu?

Isibhulu sithethwa kakhulu Emzantsi afrika Nasenamibia, sineepokotho ezincinci zezithethi Ebotswana, Ezimbabwe, Ezambia Nase-Angola. Ikwathethwa nenxalenye enkulu yabemi basemzini Eostreliya, Eunited States, Ejamani Nasenetherlands.

Ziziphi iilwimi zesibhulu?

Ulwimi Lwesibhulu lunembali ende nentsonkothileyo. Lulwimi Lwasemzantsi afrika olusuka kwisidatshi oluthethwa Ngabahlali Be Dutch East India Company kwindawo eyayisaziwa ngokuba Yidutch Cape Colony. Inengcambu yayo ngenkulungwane ye-17, xa abemi bamadatshi kwikholoni Yasekapa basebenzisa isidatshi njengolwimi lwabo. Yavela kwiilwimi zesidatshi ezithethwa ngaba bahlali, abaziwa Ngokuba Yicape Dutch. Ikwaneempembelelo Ezivela Kwisimalay, isiphuthukezi, isijamani, isifrentshi, Isikoi, Kunye neelwimi Zebantu.
Ekuqaleni olu lwimi lwalubizwa ngokuthi "Cape Dutch" okanye "Kitchen Dutch". Ngo-1925 kwavunyelwana ngokusemthethweni njengolwimi oluzimeleyo. Uphuhliso lwayo lunokwahlulwa lube ngamanqanaba amabini: ifom ethethwayo, kunye nefom ebhaliweyo.
Kwizigaba zokuqala zophuhliso lwayo, Isibhulu sasinxulunyaniswa nesimo sentlalo esiphantsi, kwaye sasibonwa njengophawu lokungazi. Oku kwatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, Kwaye Isibhulu saqala ukubonwa njengolwimi lokulingana, ingakumbi xa samkelwa ngumbutho ochasene nocalu-calulo ngeminyaka yoo-1960.
Namhlanje, Isibhulu sithetha ngabantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-16 Emzantsi afrika Nasenamibia, kwaye sesinye seelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni (kwakunye nolwimi olukhethayo) Emzantsi afrika. Ngaphandle Komzantsi Afrika, olu lwimi lukwathethwa Eostreliya, Eunited States Nasebelgium. Ukongeza, ulwimi luhlala lubhalwa kusetyenziswa i-alfabhethi yesilatini, nangona abanye ababhali bekhetha ukusebenzisa i-orthography yesidatshi.

Ngoobani abantu aba-5 abaphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesiafrikaans?

1. Ujan Christiaan Smuts (1870-1950): wayengusomashishini waseburhulumenteni odumileyo Wasemzantsi afrika odlale indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni uncwadi Lwesibhulu nasekukhuthazeni ulwimi kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi.
2. S. J. Du Toit (1847-1911): waziwa ngokuba 'nguyise Wesibhulu' ngegalelo lakhe elibalulekileyo ekusekweni kolwimi njengolwimi olusemthethweni Emzantsi afrika.
3. D. F. Malan (1874-1959): wayeyinkulumbuso Yokuqala Yomzantsi afrika kwaye ubekwa ngokusesikweni njengolwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ngo-1925.
4. T. T. V. Mofokeng (1893-1973): wayengumfundisi-ntsapho, imbongi, umbhali kunye nesithethi esanceda ekuphuhliseni nasekukhuthazeni uncwadi lwesibhulu.
5. I-cp Hoogenhout (1902-1972): uthathwa njengomnye woovulindlela boncwadi Lwesibhulu, njengoko wayebhala imibongo, imidlalo, amabali amafutshane kunye neenoveli ezichaphazele kakhulu uncwadi lwangoku lwesibhulu.

Luluphi ulwimi oluthethwa Ngabantu Abantetho Isisibhulu?

Ulwimi Lwesibhulu lunesakhiwo esilula nesithe ngqo. Ithathwe kulwimi lwesidatshi kwaye yabelana ngeempawu zayo ezininzi. I-Afrikaans ayinayo isini segrama, isebenzisa kuphela izenzi ezimbini, kwaye idibanisa izenzi kunye nesethi esisiseko seepatheni. Kukwakho nokukhubazeka okuncinci kakhulu, uninzi lwamagama lunefom enye kuwo onke amatyala kunye namanani.

Indlela yokufunda isibhulu ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokuqhelana neziseko zegrama yesibhulu. Zininzi izibonelelo ezikwi-intanethi ezifundisa izifundo zegrama yentshayelelo, okanye ungathenga iincwadi okanye ezinye izinto ukukunceda uqalise.
2. Ziqhelanise nezakhono zakho zokuphulaphula ngokubukela iimovie, iinkqubo ZIKAMABONWAKUDE neenkqubo zikanomathotholo ngesibhulu. Oku kunokukunceda ufunde ngakumbi amagama kunye namabinzana, kunye nokubiza amagama.
3. Funda iincwadi, amaphephandaba kunye neemagazini ezibhalwe Ngesibhulu. Oku kuya kukunceda ufunde ngakumbi ngolwimi kwaye ukhululeke ngegrama kunye nokubiza.
4. Joyina iqela lengxoxo Lesi-Afrikaans ukuze uziqhelanise nokuthetha nezithethi zomthonyama. Oku kunokukunceda uzithembe ngakumbi xa uthetha nabanye.
5. Sebenzisa iiflashcards kunye neeapps ukukunceda ufunde amagama amatsha kunye namabinzana. Le yindlela entle yokongeza iiseshoni zakho zokufunda rhoqo.
6. Yiya kwiiklasi zolwimi ukuba kunokwenzeka. Ukuthatha iklasi ehleliweyo kunokuba yindlela entle yokuqonda ulwimi ngcono kunye nokuziqhelanisa nabanye abafundi.