Ikhaya Isi-bosnia Humusha

Isitelugu siwulimi olusemthethweni esifundazweni Sasendiya I-Andhra Pradesh, futhi sikhulunywa izigidi zabantu Kulo Lonke Elasendiya, kuhlanganise nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasekarnataka, Etamil nadu Nasemaharashtra. Nokho, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi, ukuthola izinguqulo Zesitelugu kungaba inselele kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala phesheya.

Ngenhlanhla, manje kunezinketho eziningana ezinokwethenjelwa zokuthola izinguqulo ezisezingeni Eliphakeme Zesitelugu. Kukhona izinsizakalo zobungcweti ezinikeza ukuhunyushwa okunembile, okuqinisekisiwe kokubili kwemibhalo yebhizinisi neyomuntu siqu kusuka esingisini Kuya Esitelugu noma okuphambene nalokho. Lezi zinsizakalo zisebenzisa abahumushi abanolwazi abakhuluma ulimi lwendabuko futhi ziqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imibhalo ehunyushiwe igcina izinga elifanayo lokunemba nekhwalithi njengokuqukethwe kwasekuqaleni.

Kumabhizinisi, ukuthola izinguqulo Zesitelugu ezinembile kuyingxenye ebalulekile yempumelelo yamazwe ngamazwe. Kumelwe baqiniseke ukuthi imibhalo yabo ihunyushwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kufinyelelwe kangcono amakhasimende nabalingani abangaba khona ezweni. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ukuhumusha okunembile kuyobasiza ukuba bandise ngempumelelo ukufinyelela kwabo emakethe, kodwa futhi kuyosiza ekugwemeni ukungaqondani okungase kuholele emaphutheni abizayo.

Uma kuziwa kubantu abafuna ukuhumusha imibhalo yabo siqu, izinguqulo Zesitelugu zibaluleke ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kungaba okubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abafuna ukufaka izicelo zama-visa, ukuba yisakhamuzi, imisebenzi, noma olunye uhlobo lwedokhumenti oludinga ukunemba ngokomthetho.

Kungakhathaliseki isizathu, ukuthola izinga izinguqulo Telugu kufanele njalo kuqala. Ngokukhetha izinsizakalo zobungcweti eziqasha abahumushi abakhuluma ulimi lwendabuko, amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye ngokufanayo bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imibhalo yabo ihunyushwa ngokunembile nangokomsebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Yimaphi amazwe Okukhulunywa Kuwo Isitelugu?

Isitelugu sikhulunywa Kakhulu Endiya, lapho siwulimi olusemthethweni ezifundazweni Zase-Andhra Pradesh, Telangana Naseyanam. Kukhulunywa futhi yimiphakathi emincane ebalulekile ezifundazweni ezingomakhelwane Zasekarnataka, Tamil nadu, maharashtra, Chhattisgarh Nase-Odisha, futhi kukhulunywa iningi esifundazweni sasepuducherry, okuyisifundazwe sasendiya.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesitelugu?

Ulimi Lwesitelugu lwaqala ukuvela emisebenzini yezincwadi esekelwe Esisanskrit yekhulu le-10 futhi selokhu lwavela Kusuka Kutelugu Yakudala, Kuya Kutelugu Ephakathi bese kuba ulimi lwesitelugu lwanamuhla. Imibhalo yokuqala eyaziwayo Ngesitelugu iqala ngekhulu lesi-5 ad futhi yatholakala emihumeni Yase-Asrama esifundeni Sase-Anantapur e-Andhra Pradesh. Lolu limi lwalusetshenziselwa imibhalo engokomthetho neyezentengiselwano phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Esikhathini sasendulo, Isitelugu sasithonywe kakhulu yisanskrit nesiprakrit futhi izimbongi zangaleso sikhathi zabhala ngothando lwazo ngalolu limi. Izibonelo zalemisebenzi zihlanganisa Imahabharatam Kanannayya, Ibasava puranam Kapalkuriki Somana, Nerukmangada Charitra Katikkanna.
Phakathi nawo wonke ikhulu le-17 nele-18, izincwadi Zesitelugu zachuma, nababhali abanjengobhimi reddi, Upingali surana, U-Atukuri molla, Uchinnayasoori, Uparavastu Chinnayya Soori, Nokandukuri veeresalingam pantulu bonke benza iminikelo ebalulekile olimini nasezincwadini zalo. Ngo-1875, Iyunivesithi Yasemadras yaqala ukufundisa izincwadi Zesitelugu, okwenza kwaba iyunivesithi yokuqala Yasendiya ukwenza kanjalo.
Namuhla, Isitelugu siwulimi Lwesidravidian olukhulunywa kakhulu futhi singolunye lwezilimi Ezisemthethweni Zasendiya. Isetshenziswa kabanzi esifundazweni Sase-Andhra Pradesh nasezifundeni ezisemngceleni Wekarnataka, Tamil nadu Ne-Orissa, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasemaharashtra, Chhattisgarh Nasejharkhand.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesitelugu?

1. Uvemana: Uvemana uyimbongi edumile Yasetelugu, isazi semfihlakalo nesazi sefilosofi. Waziwa kakhulu ngezinkondlo zakhe ezicacile neziqondayo, ezibonisa izimfundiso Ze-Advaita vedanta. Uye waba negalelo elikhulu emasikweni nasezincwadini Zesitelugu.
2. Unannayya: Unannayya uyisazi sesisanskrit, isazi sohlelo lolimi nombhali owaphila ngekhulu le-11. Ubhekwa njengobaba wezincwadi zesitelugu njengoba kukholakala ukuthi wabhala izibonelo zokuqala zezincwadi Zesitelugu.
3. Utikkana Somayaji: Utikkana Somayaji wayengumbongi nomhlaziyi wasetelugu wekhulu le-14. Uhlonishwa ngokubhala Imahabharata Ngesitelugu, eyaziwa ngokuthi 'Tikkana mahabharatamu'. Wabhala nezincazelo Zebhagavad gita,Ibhagavata purana, nama-Upanishad.
4. U-Annamacharya: U-Annamacharya uyimbongi ekhuthazayo futhi ungcwele owaphila ngekhulu le-15. Wabhala izingoma ezingaphezu kuka-32000 zokudumisa Inkosi Uvenkateswara Etirupati, ezaziwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi 'Sri Annamacharya sankirtanas'. Lezi zingoma zisaculwa emathempelini aseningizimu India nanamuhla.
5. Ucp Brown: Ucharles Philip brown Wayengudokotela Wasebrithani wase-Indologist kanye nesazi sezilimi esasebenza kakhulu ngolimi Lwesitelugu. Waqamba isichazamazwi sokuqala sesitelugu nesingisi futhi wahumusha izincwadi eziningana zakudala zisuka Esisanskrit Zaya Esitelugu. Umnikelo wakhe obalulekile olimini nasezincwadini Zesitelugu ukhunjulwa nanamuhla.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesitelugu sinjani?

Isitelugu siwulimi oluhlanganisa amagama, okusho ukuthi amagama akhiwa ngokungeza izijobelelo esisekelweni noma emsukeni. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "inja" lithi "kukka" futhi igama elithi "izinja" lithi "kukkala."Ngokwesakhiwo, Isitelugu sinohlelo lwamagama LWE-vso (Isenzo-Isihloko-Into), futhi sisebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa ngokobulili nangamacala. Inamacala amathathu ayinhloko: okuqondile, okuthambekele, nokuma kwendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinhlanganisela ezine zezenzi nesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuhlonipha.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Telugu ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thatha izifundo zolimi Lwesitelugu: kunezifundo eziningi eziku-inthanethi nezomuntu siqu ezitholakalayo ukukusiza ufunde Isitelugu. Bhalisa kwelinye ukuze uthole isingeniso olunzulu ulimi, okuyinto uzokulungiselela impumelelo.
2. Cwaninga Ngesitelugu sokuxoxa: ukuze ukwazi Ukukhuluma Isitelugu ngokushelelayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ulimi lusebenza kanjani esimweni sokuxoxa. In ngokulalela telugu izikhulumi bomdabu futhi umkhuba imishwana ephindaphindwayo emva kwabo.
3. Sebenzisa imithombo ukuzijayeza lolimi: Uma une ezingeni eliyisisekelo Telugu ingxoxo, uqale ukubheka izici eziyinkimbinkimbi kolimi, ezifana isenzo izikhathi kanye nesakhiwo umusho. Ukufunda izincwadi, amaphephandaba, futhi izihloko Telugu kuyindlela enkulu ukuzijayeza amakhono akho lolimi.
4. Sebenzisa imithombo eku-inthanethi: amawebhusayithi Amaningi anikeza imisebenzi yokufunda nolwazi ngolimi namasiko Esitelugu. Eck izinkundla zolimi Lwesitelugu ukuze uhlangane nabanye abafundi, uthole abalingani besifundo, bese ubuza imibuzo.
5. Zicwilise emasikweni: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi iwukuzicwilisa emasikweni. Lalela umculo Telugu, ukubukela amabhayisikobho, ukuya imicimbi kanye nemikhosi, futhi wenze ubungane telugu izikhulumi ukuba babe ngokushelelayo ngolimi.

Ingabe ufuna umhumushi enembile futhi enokwethenjelwa Bosnian? Njengoba kunezinkampani eziningi zokuhumusha, kungaba nzima ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu. Nansi umhlahlandlela ukukusiza uthole ilungelo bosnian translation umhlinzeki for project yakho.

Uma ufuna umhumushi professional, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi babe nakho nge bosnian ulimi amaphrojekthi. Umhumushi Wasebosnia kufanele abe nolwazi oluhle lolimi, ulwazi lwamasiko, nekhono lokusebenza ngezindlela zokubhala ezihlukahlukene. Uma usebenzisa isevisi yokuhumusha, kungcono njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bayaqonda imininingwane yolimi Lwasebosnia-njengezilimi ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala Ebosnia Naseherzegovina.

Ukunemba kuyisihluthulelo lapho uhumusha Usuka Olimini Lwesibosnia uye kunoma yiziphi ezinye izilimi, njengoba kunemininingwane eminingi edinga ukubanjwa kahle. Umhumushi omuhle Wasebosnia uyokwazi ukuthola izinkulumo ezivamile nobuciko bolimi, eqinisekisa ukuthi umbhalo wokuqala uhunyushwe ngokunembile. Ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba, bheka isevisi enganikeza isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi.

Ukulethwa ngesikhathi nakho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapho kukhethwa umhlinzeki wokuhumusha Wasebosnia. Kubalulekile ukuhlola isikhathi sokuguqula iphrojekthi ngayinye yolimi nokuthola isilinganiso sokuthi ingaqedwa ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma inkampani ingakwazi ukuzibophezela ekuletheni idokhumenti ehunyushiwe ngosuku oluthile, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubheka kwenye indawo.

Ekugcineni, kubalulekile ukucabangela izindleko zenkonzo yokuhumusha. Nakuba intengo akufanele ibe ukuphela kwento ekukhetheni umhumushi Wasebosnia, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthenga ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uthola inani elingcono kakhulu lemali. Izindleko zokuhumusha zingase zihluke kuye ngobude nobunzima balo mbhalo, kanye nolimi olulodwa.

Ngokucwaninga ngokucophelela amasevisi okuhumusha Asebosnia, kufanele ukwazi ukuthola umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa nohloniphekile ohlangabezana nezidingo zakho. With umhumushi ilungelo, ungakwazi ukwethemba kubo ukuletha idokhumenti eliphezulu, ngesikhathi, futhi ngentengo ezingabizi.

Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa ebosnia?

Ulimi Lwesibosnia lukhulunywa kakhulu Ebosnia naseherzegovina, kodwa lukhulunywa nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zaseserbia, Emontenegro, Ecroatia nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwasebosnia?

Izimpande zomlando zolimi Lwasebosnia (olubizwa nangokuthi Isibosnia, Isibosančica, noma Isiserbo-croatian) ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zinezici eziningi. Lolu limi luwulimi Lwesislavic Saseningizimu, olufana nezilimi ezingomakhelwane, isicroatia nesiserbia. Inomsuka olimini Lwasebalkan lwasendulo olukhulunywa Amakristu asebosnia kule ndawo Phakathi Nenkathi Ephakathi. Lolu limi lwakhula kancane kancane kwaze kwaba yilapho luba ulimi oluhlukile ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Ekhulwini le-19, izazi zezilimi zasecroatia Naseserbia zasebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze ulimi olubhaliwe oluhlanganisiwe lwazo zonke izilimi Zaseningizimu Slavic esifundeni, nakuba abanye bethi, ngenxa yalokho, zonke izilimi ezintathu sezibhekwa njengezilimi zolimi olufanayo, olwaziwa ngokuthi Isiserbo-croatian.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1990, Ibosnia Neherzegovina yamemezela ukuzimela Kwayo Eyugoslavia. Lokhu kwaholela ekwandeni kobuzwe Phakathi Kwamabosnia, okwaholela emcabangweni "wolimi Lwasebosnia."Lolu limi lwakhiwa ngentuthuko yolimi, njengokufakwa kwamagama amasha nemishwana ethathwe olimini lwesi-arabhu, isiturkey, nakwezinye izilimi.
Namuhla, ulimi Lwesibosnia lubhekwa njengolimi olusemthethweni Ebosnia Naseherzegovina futhi lufundiswa ezikoleni, futhi lukhulunywa kabanzi phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu kohlobo olujwayelekile Lwesibosnia, kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbili Zesibosnia ezikhulunywa ezifundeni ezithile zezwe: Istokavian Nesikajkavian.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesibosnia?

1. Umatija Divković (wekhulu le – 15) isazi sezenhlalo sasecroatia nesipolyglot esabhala isichazamazwi sokuqala esaziwayo Sasebosnia.
2. Upavao ritter Vitezović (wekhulu le – 17) umbhali wasecroatia odunyiswa ngokuhlanganisa ulimi Lwesibosnia encwadini yakhe ethi "Tractatus de origine et incrementis Slavorum Illyricorum".
3. Ufranjo rački (wekhulu le – 19) - isazi-mlando sasecroatia, isazi sezilimi nesazi Sesislavic esabhala imisebenzi eminingana ngolimi namasiko Asebosnia.
4. U-Andrija Kacic miosic (wekhulu le – 19) - imbongi yasecroatia, umbhali nombhali wemidlalo owafaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izincwadi zesimanje Zasebosnia.
5. U – August cesarec (wekhulu lama-20) - imbongi yasecroatia, umbhali, isazi sezilimi, umhleli nomshicileli owabhala izihloko eziningi nezincwadi ngolimi namasiko Asebosnia.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwasebosnia sinjani?

Isibosnia siwulimi Lwesislavic Saseningizimu oluhlobene kakhulu nesicroatia nesiserbia. Landela isimiso esifanayo sefonoloji nesicroatia nesiserbia, kodwa kunokwehluka okuthile emisindweni yezwi. Isibosnia siwulimi olusemthethweni Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, futhi sikhulunywa Nasemontenegro, Eserbia Nasecroatia. Uhlelo lwayo lolimi lusekelwe ngokuyinhloko ezilimini ezimbili eziyinhloko: ulimi Lwasempumalanga Herzegovina-Istria nolwasentshonalanga Shtokavian. Isakhiwo sohlelo lolimi Lwesibosnia sihlanganisa ukuhlehla kwegama, ukuhlanganiswa kwesenzo, nesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sezikhathi ezisetshenziselwa ukuveza izenzakalo zesikhathi esizayo, ezedlule nezamanje.

Indlela ukufunda ulimi Bosnian ngendlela efanele kunazo?

1. Thola incwadi esemthethweni noma ezinye izinto. Funa incwadi yezifundo zolimi Lwasebosnia noma izifundo ezenzelwe abafundi bolimi. Lezi zinto zivame ukunikeza indlela ebanzi, ehlelekile yokufunda Isibosnia.
2. Sebenzisa imithombo online. Kunamawebhusayithi amaningi anezifundo nemisebenzi yamahhala yokukusiza ufunde Isibosnia, Njengeduolingo, LiveMocha, nememrise. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona eziningi podcasts, amavidiyo nezingoma atholakalayo ukukusiza ukuzijayeza.
3. Connuma nge isikhulumi bomdabu. Uma wazi umuntu okhuluma Isibosnia, kuyithuba elihle lokucija amakhono akho olimi! Zama ukuba nengxoxo nabo njalo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole ukhululekile usebenzisa ulimi.
4. Bukela amafilimu asebosnia nethelevishini. Ukuchitha isikhathi ubuka amafilimu ASEBOSNIA nemibukiso YE-TV kungenye yezindlela ezisheshayo zokuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwakho ulimi. Makeiseka ukunaka pronunciation kanye silulumagama entsha.
5. Gcina ugqozi. Ukufunda ulimi kuwuhambo nenqubo. Zama ukuhlala ugqozi ngokubeka imigomo enengqondo, umvuzo ngokwakho uma ufinyelela milestone nokwenza isiqiniseko ukuzijabulisa ngenkathi ufunda.