Ikhaya Isi-Tajik Humusha

Isitelugu siwulimi olusemthethweni esifundazweni Sasendiya I-Andhra Pradesh, futhi sikhulunywa izigidi zabantu Kulo Lonke Elasendiya, kuhlanganise nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasekarnataka, Etamil nadu Nasemaharashtra. Nokho, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi, ukuthola izinguqulo Zesitelugu kungaba inselele kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala phesheya.

Ngenhlanhla, manje kunezinketho eziningana ezinokwethenjelwa zokuthola izinguqulo ezisezingeni Eliphakeme Zesitelugu. Kukhona izinsizakalo zobungcweti ezinikeza ukuhunyushwa okunembile, okuqinisekisiwe kokubili kwemibhalo yebhizinisi neyomuntu siqu kusuka esingisini Kuya Esitelugu noma okuphambene nalokho. Lezi zinsizakalo zisebenzisa abahumushi abanolwazi abakhuluma ulimi lwendabuko futhi ziqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imibhalo ehunyushiwe igcina izinga elifanayo lokunemba nekhwalithi njengokuqukethwe kwasekuqaleni.

Kumabhizinisi, ukuthola izinguqulo Zesitelugu ezinembile kuyingxenye ebalulekile yempumelelo yamazwe ngamazwe. Kumelwe baqiniseke ukuthi imibhalo yabo ihunyushwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kufinyelelwe kangcono amakhasimende nabalingani abangaba khona ezweni. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ukuhumusha okunembile kuyobasiza ukuba bandise ngempumelelo ukufinyelela kwabo emakethe, kodwa futhi kuyosiza ekugwemeni ukungaqondani okungase kuholele emaphutheni abizayo.

Uma kuziwa kubantu abafuna ukuhumusha imibhalo yabo siqu, izinguqulo Zesitelugu zibaluleke ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kungaba okubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abafuna ukufaka izicelo zama-visa, ukuba yisakhamuzi, imisebenzi, noma olunye uhlobo lwedokhumenti oludinga ukunemba ngokomthetho.

Kungakhathaliseki isizathu, ukuthola izinga izinguqulo Telugu kufanele njalo kuqala. Ngokukhetha izinsizakalo zobungcweti eziqasha abahumushi abakhuluma ulimi lwendabuko, amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye ngokufanayo bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imibhalo yabo ihunyushwa ngokunembile nangokomsebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Yimaphi amazwe Okukhulunywa Kuwo Isitelugu?

Isitelugu sikhulunywa Kakhulu Endiya, lapho siwulimi olusemthethweni ezifundazweni Zase-Andhra Pradesh, Telangana Naseyanam. Kukhulunywa futhi yimiphakathi emincane ebalulekile ezifundazweni ezingomakhelwane Zasekarnataka, Tamil nadu, maharashtra, Chhattisgarh Nase-Odisha, futhi kukhulunywa iningi esifundazweni sasepuducherry, okuyisifundazwe sasendiya.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesitelugu?

Ulimi Lwesitelugu lwaqala ukuvela emisebenzini yezincwadi esekelwe Esisanskrit yekhulu le-10 futhi selokhu lwavela Kusuka Kutelugu Yakudala, Kuya Kutelugu Ephakathi bese kuba ulimi lwesitelugu lwanamuhla. Imibhalo yokuqala eyaziwayo Ngesitelugu iqala ngekhulu lesi-5 ad futhi yatholakala emihumeni Yase-Asrama esifundeni Sase-Anantapur e-Andhra Pradesh. Lolu limi lwalusetshenziselwa imibhalo engokomthetho neyezentengiselwano phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Esikhathini sasendulo, Isitelugu sasithonywe kakhulu yisanskrit nesiprakrit futhi izimbongi zangaleso sikhathi zabhala ngothando lwazo ngalolu limi. Izibonelo zalemisebenzi zihlanganisa Imahabharatam Kanannayya, Ibasava puranam Kapalkuriki Somana, Nerukmangada Charitra Katikkanna.
Phakathi nawo wonke ikhulu le-17 nele-18, izincwadi Zesitelugu zachuma, nababhali abanjengobhimi reddi, Upingali surana, U-Atukuri molla, Uchinnayasoori, Uparavastu Chinnayya Soori, Nokandukuri veeresalingam pantulu bonke benza iminikelo ebalulekile olimini nasezincwadini zalo. Ngo-1875, Iyunivesithi Yasemadras yaqala ukufundisa izincwadi Zesitelugu, okwenza kwaba iyunivesithi yokuqala Yasendiya ukwenza kanjalo.
Namuhla, Isitelugu siwulimi Lwesidravidian olukhulunywa kakhulu futhi singolunye lwezilimi Ezisemthethweni Zasendiya. Isetshenziswa kabanzi esifundazweni Sase-Andhra Pradesh nasezifundeni ezisemngceleni Wekarnataka, Tamil nadu Ne-Orissa, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasemaharashtra, Chhattisgarh Nasejharkhand.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesitelugu?

1. Uvemana: Uvemana uyimbongi edumile Yasetelugu, isazi semfihlakalo nesazi sefilosofi. Waziwa kakhulu ngezinkondlo zakhe ezicacile neziqondayo, ezibonisa izimfundiso Ze-Advaita vedanta. Uye waba negalelo elikhulu emasikweni nasezincwadini Zesitelugu.
2. Unannayya: Unannayya uyisazi sesisanskrit, isazi sohlelo lolimi nombhali owaphila ngekhulu le-11. Ubhekwa njengobaba wezincwadi zesitelugu njengoba kukholakala ukuthi wabhala izibonelo zokuqala zezincwadi Zesitelugu.
3. Utikkana Somayaji: Utikkana Somayaji wayengumbongi nomhlaziyi wasetelugu wekhulu le-14. Uhlonishwa ngokubhala Imahabharata Ngesitelugu, eyaziwa ngokuthi 'Tikkana mahabharatamu'. Wabhala nezincazelo Zebhagavad gita,Ibhagavata purana, nama-Upanishad.
4. U-Annamacharya: U-Annamacharya uyimbongi ekhuthazayo futhi ungcwele owaphila ngekhulu le-15. Wabhala izingoma ezingaphezu kuka-32000 zokudumisa Inkosi Uvenkateswara Etirupati, ezaziwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi 'Sri Annamacharya sankirtanas'. Lezi zingoma zisaculwa emathempelini aseningizimu India nanamuhla.
5. Ucp Brown: Ucharles Philip brown Wayengudokotela Wasebrithani wase-Indologist kanye nesazi sezilimi esasebenza kakhulu ngolimi Lwesitelugu. Waqamba isichazamazwi sokuqala sesitelugu nesingisi futhi wahumusha izincwadi eziningana zakudala zisuka Esisanskrit Zaya Esitelugu. Umnikelo wakhe obalulekile olimini nasezincwadini Zesitelugu ukhunjulwa nanamuhla.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesitelugu sinjani?

Isitelugu siwulimi oluhlanganisa amagama, okusho ukuthi amagama akhiwa ngokungeza izijobelelo esisekelweni noma emsukeni. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "inja" lithi "kukka" futhi igama elithi "izinja" lithi "kukkala."Ngokwesakhiwo, Isitelugu sinohlelo lwamagama LWE-vso (Isenzo-Isihloko-Into), futhi sisebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa ngokobulili nangamacala. Inamacala amathathu ayinhloko: okuqondile, okuthambekele, nokuma kwendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinhlanganisela ezine zezenzi nesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuhlonipha.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Telugu ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thatha izifundo zolimi Lwesitelugu: kunezifundo eziningi eziku-inthanethi nezomuntu siqu ezitholakalayo ukukusiza ufunde Isitelugu. Bhalisa kwelinye ukuze uthole isingeniso olunzulu ulimi, okuyinto uzokulungiselela impumelelo.
2. Cwaninga Ngesitelugu sokuxoxa: ukuze ukwazi Ukukhuluma Isitelugu ngokushelelayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ulimi lusebenza kanjani esimweni sokuxoxa. In ngokulalela telugu izikhulumi bomdabu futhi umkhuba imishwana ephindaphindwayo emva kwabo.
3. Sebenzisa imithombo ukuzijayeza lolimi: Uma une ezingeni eliyisisekelo Telugu ingxoxo, uqale ukubheka izici eziyinkimbinkimbi kolimi, ezifana isenzo izikhathi kanye nesakhiwo umusho. Ukufunda izincwadi, amaphephandaba, futhi izihloko Telugu kuyindlela enkulu ukuzijayeza amakhono akho lolimi.
4. Sebenzisa imithombo eku-inthanethi: amawebhusayithi Amaningi anikeza imisebenzi yokufunda nolwazi ngolimi namasiko Esitelugu. Eck izinkundla zolimi Lwesitelugu ukuze uhlangane nabanye abafundi, uthole abalingani besifundo, bese ubuza imibuzo.
5. Zicwilise emasikweni: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi iwukuzicwilisa emasikweni. Lalela umculo Telugu, ukubukela amabhayisikobho, ukuya imicimbi kanye nemikhosi, futhi wenze ubungane telugu izikhulumi ukuba babe ngokushelelayo ngolimi.

Isitajik, noma Isitajiki, siwulimi olukhulunywa E-Asia Ephakathi Nasempumalanga Ephakathi. Luwulimi Lwesi-Indo-Iranian, oluhlobene kakhulu nesipheresiya kodwa olunezici zalo ezihlukile. Etajikistan, ulimi olusemthethweni, futhi lukhulunywa futhi yizinhlanga Ezincane Ekazakhstan, E-Uzbekistan, e-Afghanistan Naserussia. Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo, kunesidingo esandayo sokuhunyushelwa olimini lwesitajik.

Ukuhumusha ngesitajik kuyinkonzo ebalulekile kumabhizinisi nakubantu ngabanye. Kumabhizinisi, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ngesitajik zinikeza ukufinyelela ezimakethe ezintsha, okwenza izinkampani zikwazi ukuxhumana ngempumelelo nabanye emkhakheni wazo. Lokhu kuyasiza ikakhulukazi kulabo abahileleke ekuhwebeni nasekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zingasetshenziselwa nokwenza lula ukuxhumana phakathi kweminyango kahulumeni, ukusiza izinhlangano zomphakathi nezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ukuba zihlale ziphendule futhi zisebenza.

Abantu bangase badinge ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zomhumushi lapho befaka isicelo somsebenzi noma lapho befuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Amabhizinisi ahlanganyela ekumaketheni nge-inthanethi angase futhi akuthole kuwusizo ukusebenzisa ukuhunyushwa kokuqukethwe kwewebhusayithi nezinto zokukhangisa ngesitajik.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zobungcweti lapho uhumusha phakathi kwanoma yiziphi izilimi ezimbili. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe banolwazi ngezilimi eziningi futhi bayaziqonda izincazelo zolimi ngalunye. Ziqinisekisa ukunemba, ukucaciseleka, nokufundeka ezinguqulweni zazo. Umhumushi onguchwepheshe naye uyaqaphela noma yiliphi igama elishintshayo, elibalulekile ukuze kube nokunemba.

Abahumushi abaqinisekisiwe bayigugu kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni izilimi ezingenazo izindinganiso ezithuthuke kahle. Bangakwazi ukuhumusha imibhalo ngokunembile nangendlela ezokwamukelwa abokufika nezinye izinsizakalo zikahulumeni. Ngokuvamile kudingeka izinguqulo eziqinisekisiwe ukuze zisetshenziswe emanyuvesi nasezinjongweni zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe.

Uma udinga tajik translation services, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa, professional. Khetha umhumushi onolwazi emkhakheni wakho othile futhi angakwazi ukuletha ngesikhathi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola izinga lomsebenzi wabo, njengoba izinguqulo eziningi ziqukethe amaphutha. Ucwaningo ngokucophelela kanye nokubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende kungakusiza uthole umhumushi ongamethemba.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesitajik olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi lwesitajik lukhulunywa kakhulu Etajikistan, E-Afghanistan, e-Uzbekistan Nasekyrgyzstan. Kukhulunywa futhi abantu abancane Erussia, Eturkey, Epakistan, e-Iran nakwamanye amazwe ayengaphansi Kwesoviet.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesitajik?

Isitajik inguqulo yesimanje yolimi lwesipheresiya olukhulunywa e-Iran nase-Afghanistan. Ngokuyinhloko iyinhlanganisela yezilimi zolimi lwesipheresiya kanye nomanduleli walo, isipheresiya Esiphakathi (esaziwa nangokuthi Ipahlavi). Futhi iye yathonywa kakhulu ezinye izilimi, kuhlanganise nesirashiya, isingisi, Isimandarin, Isihindi, isi-Uzbek, isiturkmen nezinye. Ulimi lwesitajik lwanamuhla lwaqala ukusungulwa ngekhulu lesi-8 ad, lapho izizwe zasempumalanga Iran, ezafika kule ndawo ngemuva kokunqotshwa Kwepheresiya Ngama-Arabhu, zamukela lolu limi futhi zaqala ukulusebenzisa empilweni yazo yansuku zonke. Ekhulwini lesi-9, idolobha Lasebukhara laba inhloko-dolobha yombuso Wamasamanid, owawuwumbuso wokuqala okhuluma isipheresiya E-Asia Ephakathi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isiko nezincwadi kwachuma kule ndawo, futhi ulimi olukhulunywayo lwalesi sifunda kancane kancane lwaba yilokho manje esikwaziyo ngokuthi isitajik.
Ekhulwini lama-20, ulimi lwesitajik lwahlanganiswa ngokusemthethweni futhi lwafakwa ezinhlelweni zezifundo zezikole. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, liye laba ulimi olubalulekile esifundeni Sase-Asia ephakathi. Ulimi luye lwaqhubeka lukhula, futhi eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwanezelwa amagama amasha esichazamazwini. Namuhla, isitajik siwulimi olusemthethweni Etajikistan futhi sikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7, ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezwe.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesitajik?

1. U-Abdulmejid dzhuraev-isazi, umbhali noprofesa wolimi lwesitajik owaba nesandla ekumisweni kwalo kwanamuhla.
2. Umirzo tursunzoda-imbongi edumile, usopolitiki nombhali Wasetajikistan owaziwa ngendima yakhe ekwandiseni ulimi nezincwadi zasetajikistan.
3. Usadriddin aini-umbhali ovelele wasetajikistan omsebenzi wakhe uyingxenye ebalulekile yefa lezincwadi lasetajikistan.
4. U-Akhmadjon mahmudov-umbhali, isazi sezilimi, nesazi esasiza ekuvumelaniseni izinkambiso zokubhala zesimanje zasetajikistan.
5. Umuhammadjon Sharipov-imbongi nomlobi wezindaba ovelele owasiza ekwakheni ulimi lwesitajik ngemisebenzi yakhe.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesitajik sinjani?

Ulimi lwesitajik lungolwegatsha lase-Iran lomkhaya wezilimi Zase-Indo-Europe. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: ulimi oludala Lwase-Iran, olubonakala ngohlelo lwamagama oluhlanganisa ubulili obuthathu, nezilimi Zase-Asia Ephakathi, ezibonakala ngohlelo lwamagama oluhlanganisa ubulili obubili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu limi luhlanganisa izici zesi-arabhu, isipheresiya nezinye izilimi, okubonisa ukwehluka kwamasiko.. Ulimi lwesitajik lunesakhiwo sokuhlaziya-synthetic, okusho ukuthi luthembele kakhulu ekuhlelweni kwamagama kanye namadivayisi wokubhala afana nokuphela kwecala kunase-morphology yokuguquguquka. Ukuhleleka kwamagama kubaluleke kakhulu ngesitajik; imisho iqala ngesihloko bese iphela ngesisho.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Tajik ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngokuthola incwadi enhle yolimi lwesitajik noma inkambo eku-inthanethi. Makeiseka ukuthi ihlanganisa uhlelo lolimi, ukufunda, ukubhala, ukukhuluma nokulalela.
2. Lalela tajik audio okuqoshiwe futhi ubuke amavidiyo Tajik. Makeiseka ukugxila pronunciation bese uzama ukulingisa it.
3. Start ukufunda imibhalo elula Tajik. Zama ukuqagela incazelo amazwi angajwayelekile futhi sibheke pronunciation kanye nezincazelo zalawo mazwi.
4. Prakthiza ukukhuluma Tajik nge izikhulumi bomdabu. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amawebhusayithi okuhwebelana ngezilimi Njenge-Italki noma I-Conversation Exchange. Ungase futhi ujoyine club tajik ulimi noma course.
5. Prakthiza ukubhala Tajik usebenzisa amathuluzi online like iTranslate noma Google Translate.
6. Ekugcineni, zibekele imigomo njalo ukugcina isisusa sakho okusezingeni bese ulandelele intuthuko yakho.