Isigreki Isi-ukraine Humusha

Njengenye yamagatsha olimi asendulo kakhulu, ukuhumusha ngesigreki sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuxhumana amakhulu eminyaka. Ulimi lwesigreki lunomlando omude nethonya elikhulu ezilimini zanamuhla, okwenza lube isici esibalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwamazwe ngamazwe. Abahumushi abangamagreki banendima ebalulekile ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kwamasiko nasekuhlinzekeni ukumelwa okunembile kwencazelo yombhalo.

Ngokuvamile ukuhunyushwa kwesigreki kwenziwa kusuka esigrekini Sanamuhla kuya kolunye ulimi. Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa Ezizweni Ezihlangene nakwezinye izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngenxa yalokho, isidingo sabahumushi abangamagreki siyaqhubeka sikhula.

Isigreki siwulimi olunezincazelo eziningi, olunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezifunda nezomlando. Ngenxa yalokho, abahumushi abangochwepheshe kudingeka bakwazi ukubona amagama afanele ukuze badlulisele ngokunembile incazelo ehlosiwe noma umuzwa wombhalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe futhi zihlale zisesikhathini ngokuvela kokusetshenziswa kolimi lwesigreki, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinguqulo zazo zihlala zifanelekile futhi zinencazelo.

Ngaphezu kokuqonda izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zolimi ngokwalo, abahumushi kumelwe bajwayelane nezici ezihlukahlukene zamasiko - njengesichazamazwi nezisho-ukuze badlulisele kangcono ithoni nomqondo wombhalo wokuqala. Kuye ngomongo, amanye amagama angase abe nencazelo ehluke ngokuphelele kolunye ulimi kunolunye.

Ngokuvamile, umhumushi omuhle wesigreki angenza umehluko phakathi komsebenzi ophumelelayo wamazwe ngamazwe nokungaqondani okubizayo. Lapho kuqashwa umhumushi, amabhizinisi kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi asebenza nochwepheshe onolwazi oqonda ama-nuances olimi lwesigreki kanye nanoma yiziphi izilimi zesifunda.

Ekugcineni, ukuhumusha ngesigreki - uma kwenziwa ngendlela efanele-kuyithuluzi eliyigugu kakhulu lempumelelo emnothweni womhlaba. Ngomlingani ofanele, amabhizinisi angaqiniseka ukuthi umyalezo wawo uzodluliselwa ngokunembile, uwavumele ukuba anciphise ukwahlukana kwamasiko futhi azuze ekusebenzisaneni okuphumelelayo kwamazwe ngamazwe.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesigreki olukhulunywa kula mazwe?

Isigreki siwulimi olusemthethweni Egrisi Nasekhupro. Kukhulunywa futhi yimiphakathi emincane e-Albania, Ebulgaria, Enyakatho Macedonia, Eromania, Eturkey Nase-Ukraine. Isigreki sikhulunywa futhi inani elikhulu lemiphakathi ehlala kwamanye amazwe kanye nabokufika emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise Ne-United States, I-Australia Necanada.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesigreki?

Ulimi lwesigreki lunomlando omude futhi ocebile, owaqala ngesikhathi Semycenaean (16001100 b. c.), lapho kwakuyindlela yokuqala Yesigreki. Isigreki sasendulo sasiyigatsha lomkhaya wezilimi Zase-Indo-Europe futhi sibhekwa njengesisekelo sazo zonke izilimi zaseyurophu zanamuhla. Izincwadi zokuqala ezaziwayo ezabhalwa ngesigreki sasendulo zaqala ukuvela cishe NGO-776 b. c. ngesimo sezinkondlo nezindaba. Phakathi nenkathi Ye-Classical (ngekhulu lesi-5 kuya kwelesi-4 b. c.), ulimi lwesigreki lwacwengisiswa futhi lwavuthwa lwaba uhlobo lwayo lwe-classical, okuyisisekelo sesigreki sanamuhla.
Isigreki sasikhulunywa ngandlela-thile kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lesi-5 A. d., lapho sashintshela kakhulu olimini lwesidemotic, olusasetshenziswa nanamuhla njengolimi olusemthethweni Lwasegrisi. Phakathi nenkathi Yasebyzantium (4001453 A. d.), ulimi oluyinhloko Embusweni Wasempumalanga Waseroma kwakuyisigreki. Ngemva kokuwa Kombuso Wasebyzantium, isigreki sabhekana nenkathi yokuwohloka. Kwaze kwaba ngo-1976 lapho isigreki saba ulimi olusemthethweni kuleli zwe. Namuhla, isigreki singesinye sezilimi ezikhulunywa Kakhulu Eyurophu, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-15 abakhuluma isigreki.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesigreki?

1. Uhomer-obhekwa njengobaba wolimi nezincwadi zesigreki, ama-epic azo, i-Iliad Ne-Odyssey, ayizincwadi eziyisisekelo zezincwadi Zasentshonalanga.
2. Uplato-isazi sefilosofi sasendulo kuthiwa nguye owethula imibono emisha, amagama namagama olimini lwesigreki.
3. U-Aristotle-Akagcinanga ngokubhala kabanzi ngefilosofi nesayensi ngesigreki sakhe, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuthi wayengowokuqala ukubhala ulimi.
4. Uhippocrates-Owaziwa Njengobaba Wezokwelapha, wabhala kabanzi ngesigreki, waba nethonya elikhulu emagameni ezokwelapha.
5. Udemosthenes-Lesi sikhulumi esikhulu sabhala ngenkuthalo ngalolu limi, kuhlanganise nezinkulumo eziningi, izinkulumo, neminye imisebenzi.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesigreki sinjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesigreki siphenduke kakhulu, okusho ukuthi amagama ashintsha isimo ngokuvumelana nendima yawo emshweni. Ngokwesibonelo, amagama, izimelabizo, nezibizo kumelwe zinqatshwe ukuze kuboniswe inombolo, ubulili, nesimo. Izenzo zihlanganiswa ukuze kuboniswe isikhathi, izwi nesimo sengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile amaqoqo angaphakathi emagameni ashintsha ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kuye ngomongo atholakala kuwo.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesigreki ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thenga inkambo enhle eyisisekelo ngesigreki: inkambo enhle eyisingeniso ngolimi lwesigreki izokunikeza ukubuka konke kolimi futhi ikufundise izinto eziyisisekelo ezifana nohlelo lolimi, ukubiza amagama, kanye nesilulumagama.
2. Ngekhanda zamagama: Ukufunda zamagama isigreki kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ukuqonda amagama isigreki nemishwana. Beiseka ukuthi ufunde kokubili izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane futhi abenza pronunciation yakho.
3. Funda amazwi ezivamile nemishwana: Zama pick up ezinye imishwana ezivamile isigreki namazwi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imikhonzo namagama awusizo "engokuthi "sawubona", "sawubona", "ngicela", "ngiyabonga", "yebo"nokuthi " cha".
4. Lalela umculo Greek: Ukulalela umculo Greek kungakusiza ekuthatheni pronunciation, isigqi kanye izwi lolimi. Futhi ikunikeza indlela engokwemvelo yokufunda ulimi, njengoba ikuveza ezingxoxweni nasezimweni zangempela zokuphila.
5. Prakthiza nge isikhulumi bomdabu: Uma ukufinyelela isikhulumi bomdabu isigreki, abenza ulimi nabo kubalulekile. Ukukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo nokuba nezingxoxo ngesigreki kukuvumela ukuba ufunde ulimi ngokushesha futhi ulungise noma yimaphi amaphutha owenzayo.
6. Bhalisela ikilasi lolimi: Uma ungenayo ukufinyelela isikhulumi bomdabu isigreki, ukubhalisela ikilasi lolimi kuyindlela enhle yokufunda ulimi. Uzobe uzungezwe abantu abasemkhunjini ofanayo nawe futhi lokhu kuzokunikeza ithuba lokuzijwayeza nokubuza imibuzo ngolimi.
7. Funda izincwadi zesigreki: Ukufunda izincwadi zesigreki zakudala nezanamuhla kuzokunikeza ukuqonda ngolimi futhi kukuvumele ukuba uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwama-nuances..
8. Buka amabhayisikobho isigreki KANYE TV imibukiso: Ukubukela amabhayisikobho isigreki KANYE TV imibukiso uzothola uvezwe ulimi engxoxweni yansuku zonke ukuze uqale ukuqonda ukuthi kukhulunywa kanjani.
9. Thatha uhambo Oluya Egrisi: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda ulimi iwukuzicwilisa emasikweni nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Ukuthatha uhambo Oluya Egrisi kuzokunikeza ithuba lokuzijwayeza ulimi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi uthathe izilimi zesifunda.

Ukuhumusha isi-ukraine kubalulekile kumabhizinisi amaningi nezinhlangano ezidinga ukuxhumana nabantu abavela noma ngaphakathi Kwe-Ukraine. Kunezinsizakalo eziningi ezitholakalayo ukuze zibasize bafinyelele izilaleli ezihlosiwe, kusukela kubahumushi abazimele kuya ezinkampanini ezikhethekile zokuhumusha. Isidingo sokuhunyushwa kwesi-ukraine siyaqhubeka sikhula njengoba umnotho wezwe nobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe buqhubeka nokwanda.

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni isi-ukraine ukuthola umhumushi oneziqu nobuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuze ahumushe ngokunembile ulimi oluwumthombo olimini lwesi-ukraine. Ngaphandle kokuba nemfundo yezilimi nezilimi abazihumushayo, kumelwe futhi babe nolwazi lwangaphambili nokuhlangenwe nakho kokusebenza kumaphrojekthi okuhumusha ase-ukraine.

Umhumushi kudingeka abe nolwazi oluhle ngemininingwane yolimi lwesi-ukraine nanoma yiziphi izinkomba zamasiko okungase kudingeke ukuba zicatshangelwe. Izinguqulo eziningi zingathintwa umlando wezwe, isiko, nesimo sezombangazwe, ngakho kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umhumushi owazi ulimi futhi owazi ngentuthuko yamuva e-Ukraine.

Uma kuziwa ekusebenzeni nomhumushi ofanelekayo wase-ukraine, kubalulekile ukukhetha eyodwa enezinqubo ezichazwe kahle nezinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi. Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo, ngoba ukunemba nokuvumelana kubalulekile ekuxhumaneni okuphumelelayo. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi enhle kuhilela ukuhlola njalo ukuhumusha ngokumelene nomthombo wokuqala futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi noma yikuphi ukungafani kulethwa kumhumushi ukuze kuhunyushwe kabusha.

Kuyasiza futhi ukusebenzisa inkampani enikeza izinsizakalo ezengeziwe ezifana nokwenziwa kwendawo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhumusha kufanelekile ngokwendabuko nangokwezilimi kubabukeli ababhekiswe kubo. Lokhu kusho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulimi luhambisana nesifunda esithile, kusetshenziswa izilimi zendawo nemifanekiso lapho kudingeka khona. Kuhlanganisa nokunikeza ukufometha okufanele nokwakhiwa kokuhlelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinto ezihunyushiwe zibukeka zifana nezinto eziwumthombo.

Ngokuyinhloko, ukuhumusha ngesi-ukraine kumayelana nokudlulisa umyalezo ohlosiwe ngokunembile, kuyilapho kuqinisekiswa nokuthi konke ukuzwela kwamasiko nomongo jikelele kuyacatshangelwa. Ukuthola umhumushi okwazi ukukwenza lokhu, futhi lokho kusebenza nezindinganiso eziphakeme zobungcweti nezinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi uthola imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Yiliphi ulimi olukhulunywa e-ukraine?

Ulimi lwesi-ukraine lukhulunywa ikakhulukazi e-Ukraine nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zaserussia, Ebelarus, Emoldova, Epoland, Eslovakia, Ehungary, Eromania Nasebulgaria. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengolimi oluncane Ekazakhstan, Eserbia, Egrisi Nasecroatia.

Uyini umlando ulimi ukraine?

Ulimi lwesi-ukraine lunomlando omude futhi oyinkimbinkimbi wokuthuthuka. Luwulimi Lwesislavic Sasempumalanga, oluphakathi komkhaya ofanayo nesirashiya nesibelarusian. Sekuyisikhathi Eside sikhulunywa e-Ukraine kusukela ngekhulu le-11. Phakathi nengxenye enkulu yomlando Wayo kwakuyingxenye yolimi Lwesislavonic Sesonto, olwalusetshenziswa ezincwadini zenkolo nasemibhalweni. Phakathi nengxenye enkulu yekhulu le-16 nele-19, yaqhubeka ibhekwa njengesilimi sesirashiya, naphezu kwezici ezithile ezihlukile.
Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-19 lapho isi-ukraine saqala khona ukuqashelwa njengolimi oluhlukile, njengengxenye yokuvuselelwa kwezincwadi e-Ukraine. Isisekelo sesi-ukraine sanamuhla sasungulwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, isi-ukraine sase siwulimi lwabantu Abaningi base-Ukraine.
Ngo-1917 I-Ukraine yamemezela ukuzimela Kwayo Erussia futhi yamukela isi-ukraine njengolimi olusemthethweni lombuso. Lokhu kwaqala inkathi yokujwayeza nokuthuthukisa ulimi, kwanyatheliswa izichazamazwi eziningi, izincwadi zohlelo lolimi, nezinto zokufundisa ukuze kukhuthazwe ukusetshenziswa kwalo.
Kusukela ithola inkululeko ngo-1991, i-ukraine iye yavuselelwa nakakhulu. Sesibe ulimi olusemthethweni lwesizwe, futhi sifundiswa kabanzi ezikoleni futhi sisetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuxhumana nomphakathi. Naphezu kokuba khona kwesirashiya kwezinye izindawo zezwe, isi-ukraine sihlala siwulimi oluyinhloko e-Ukraine.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesi-ukraine?

1. U-Ivan kotlyarevsky (17691838): Ebhekwa njengomsunguli wezincwadi zesimanje zase-ukraine, Ukotlyarevsky wabhala inkondlo yokuqala yesizwe ngesi-ukraine, I-Eneyida. Imisebenzi yakhe yasiza ekwandiseni nasekulinganiseni ulimi.
2. Utaras Shevchenko (18141861): umuntu ovelele wezincwadi nobuciko base-ukraine, ushevchenko kwesinye isikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi "ubaba wolimi lwase-ukraine". Wayengumsekeli oshisekayo wokusetshenziswa kwesi-ukraine ezincwadini nasemasikweni futhi wabhala izinkondlo eziningi namanoveli ngolimi.
3. U-Ivan Franko (18561916): umbhali nombongi onethonya, Ufranko wabhala eminye yemisebenzi yokuqala yezincwadi zanamuhla zase-ukraine. Wabuye wasungula I-Ivan Franko National University Yaselviv, eyakha izindlela zemfundo ezishintshayo ezigcizelela ukubaluleka kolimi lwesi-ukraine.
4. Uvolodymyr vernadsky (18631945): isazi-mlando esivelele, isazi sefilosofi, nesazi sokuma komhlaba, Uvernadsky wayengumholi oyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni isiko lesimanje lase-ukraine. Wayengomunye wabasunguli Beshevchenko Scientific Society futhi wabhala izincwadi eziningi nezindatshana ngezihloko zase-ukraine ngolimi.
5. U-Oleksandr Oles (18841962): isazi sezilimi esivelele nesazi sezilimi, U-Oles waba namandla amakhulu ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lolimi lwesi-ukraine lwanamuhla. Wayengumbhali wemisebenzi eminingana emikhulu ngolimi, kufaka Phakathi Ulimi lwesi-ukraine Ezikoleni Zamabanga Aphansi, futhi wayeyilungu elinamandla Le-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.

Kanjani ukwakheka kolimi ukraine?

Ulimi lwesi-ukraine luwulimi Lwesislavic olukhulunywa ikakhulukazi e-Ukraine, lapho luwulimi olusemthethweni khona. Ihlobene kakhulu Nesibelarusian, isipolish nesirashiya nezinye izilimi zamaslav. Inezinhlamvu zayo ezithathwe Olimini Lwesicyrillic, futhi uhlelo lwayo lolimi lufana nolwezinye izilimi Zesislavic, ezinamagama, izichasiso, izenzi nezichasiso ezinokuhlehla nokuhlanganiswa okuhlukile. Ngokuvamile ukuhleleka kwamagama kuyisihloko isenzo into, kodwa kuyaguquguquka futhi kungahluka kuye ngokugcizelelwa kwesikhulumi.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi ukraine ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thola isifundo solimi oluhle: Start ngokuthola isifundo solimi oluhle esigxile olimini lwesi-ukraine. Bheka okuthile olunzulu futhi likufundisa kokubili uhlelo lolimi kanye silulumagama ulimi.
2. Thenga ezinye izincwadi ezinhle zokufunda ulimi: Izincwadi zingenye yezinsiza ezinhle kakhulu uma kuziwa ekufundeni ulimi. Bheka izincwadi ezigxile olimini lwesi-ukraine hhayi kuphela ngohlelo lolimi kodwa nangamasiko, umlando nezisho.
3. Prakthiza! Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda ulimi iwukuyenza ngangokunokwenzeka. Bheka ithuba lokuba nezingxoxo nezikhulumi zomdabu, kungaba ku-inthanethi noma endaweni yakho. Lalela umsakazo ukraine futhi ubuke amabhayisikobho ukraine kanye TV. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba ujwayelane kakhudlwana nolimi futhi ululawule ngokushesha.
4. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi: Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi namawebhusayithi angakusiza ukuba uthuthukise amakhono akho olimi lwase-ukraine. Bheka izinkundla ze-inthanethi, amabhulogi namawebhusayithi agxile ekufundiseni isi-ukraine.
5. Zicwilise: Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokufunda ulimi ukuhamba nokuzicwilisa emasikweni nasendaweni ezungezile. Uma ukuya E-Ukraine akuyona inketho kuwe, zama ukuthola iqembu lendawo lokuhlangana noma uhlelo lokushintshana ngolimi.