Galicianname Yakut Guqulela

Inguqulelo yesigalician: Ukufumanisa Ulwimi Olukhethekileyo Lwaseiberia

Igalician lulwimi Lothando oluvela kumantla-ntshona Espain kunye nommandla osemazantsi-ntshona Weportugal owaziwa Ngokuba Yigalicia, kunye nento ebizwa Ngokuba Yiterra de Santiago (Amazwe Asesaint James). Ikwathethwa ngamanye Amagalikhi aphuma kwamanye amazwe kwezinye iindawo Zepeninsula Yase-Iberia. Kunye yayo dialects ezahlukileyo, kwaye yayo association kunye medieval pilgrimage route ekhokelela Santiago de Compostela, Galician wenziwe associated kunye eyodwa inkcubeko kunye uchazo kuba centuries.

Igalician lulwimi olubaluleke kakhulu kwabo banqwenela ukuxabisa inkcubeko Yasegalician, njengoko ababhali abaninzi, iimbongi kunye neengoma ezithandwayo zisekwe kulwimi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba abantu abaninzi ehlabathini lonke babe nethuba lokuluqonda olu lwimi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, imfuno yokuguqulela ukusuka, ukuya, Igalician ikhule kule minyaka idlulileyo.

Igalician yobungcali abaguquleli kufuneka babe nolwazi olunzulu lomthombo kunye nolwimi ekujoliswe kulo kwaye baqhelane nemvelaphi yenkcubeko yolwimi ukuze babambe ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo kwisicatshulwa. Kufuneka bakwazi ukuchonga iikhonsepthi eziphambili, amabinzana kunye namagama esigama solwimi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwamagama ekuguquleleni.

Ngokwesiko, ukuguqulela amaxwebhu kunye neetekisi ukuya okanye ukusuka Egalician bekuyimisebenzi enzima, edla ngokufuna ukuqonda okukhethekileyo kolwimi. Noko ke, ngokuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa, kuye kwakho inani elandayo leenkonzo zokuguqulela ezifumanekayo ezigxininisa kulwimi, ezibonelela ngeenguqulelo ezisekelwe ebantwini nezisekelwe kumatshini.

Xa ukhetha umboneleli wenkonzo, kubalulekile ukukhetha enye enamava ekuguquleleni Kwegalician, kunye neyazi iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zolwimi. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo ngokubanzi baluqonda ngokunzulu ulwimi, kwaye banokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezinokuthenjwa kuneenguqulelo zomatshini, ezihlala zityekele kwiimpazamo.

Ngokubanzi, xa ujonga inkonzo yokuguqulela esemgangathweni, kubalulekile ukwenza uphando ukuze ufumane umboneleli onokuthenjwa onokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezichanekileyo nezobuchwephesha Zegalician. Ngokwenza njalo, uya kuba nakho ukuqonda inkcubeko Yamagalikhi kunye nolwimi lwabo olwahlukileyo.

Ngawaphi Amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwasegalician?

Igalician lulwimi Lothando oluthethwa kuluntu oluzimeleyo Lwasegalicia kumantla Ntshona Espain. Ikwathethwa ngabaphambukeli abathile kwezinye iindawo zasespain, nakwezinye iindawo Zaseportugal Naseargentina.

Yiyiphi imbali Ye-Galician language?

Ulwimi Lwasegalician lulwimi Oluthandana ngokusondeleyo nesiphuthukezi kwaye luthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 kumantla Mpuma Espain. Inemvelaphi yayo kubukumkani Bamaxesha Aphakathi basegalicia, obahlulahlulwe phakathi kobukumkani Bamakristu Basecastile Noleon ngenkulungwane ye-12. Ulwimi lwenziwa inkqubo yokumiselwa kwemigangatho kunye nokuphuculwa ngenkulungwane ye-19 neye-20, eyabona ukuphuhliswa kolwimi olusemthethweni olwaziwa njenge "Galician Esemgangathweni "okanye"Galician-Portuguese". Ulwimi lwamkelwe ngokusemthethweni ngurhulumente wasespain ukusukela ngo-1982 kwaye lusemthethweni kunye nespanish kwingingqi ezimeleyo Yasegalicia. Olu lwimi lukwathethwa kumazwe aliqela kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi kumazwe aselatin America afana Neargentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico Nevenezuela.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwasegalician?

1. Urosalia De Castro (1837-1885): enye yeembongi ezidumileyo ngolwimi Lwasegalician.
2. Ramón Otero Pedryo (1888-1976): umbhali, ingcali yeelwimi kunye nenkokeli yenkcubeko, waziwa ngokuba "Nguyise Wasegalician".
3. U-Alfonso X El Sabio (1221-1284): Ukumkani Wasecastile Noleon, wabhala izicatshulwa ngolwimi Lwasegalician kwaye waba negalelo kuphuhliso lwesithethe soncwadi.
4. Umanuel Curros Enríquez (1851-1906): imbongi kunye nombhali, obizwa ngokubuyiselwa kolwimi Lwasegalician.
5. Umaría Victoria Moreno (1923-2013): ingcali yeelwimi ephuhlise umgangatho omtsha We-Galician yanamhlanje kwaye yapapasha imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwindaleko yayo.

Uluphi ulwimi Lwegalician?

Ulwakhiwo lolwimi Lwasegalician luyafana nezinye iilwimi Zothando ezinje ngespanish, isicatalan kunye nesiphuthukezi. Inomyalelo wegama lesihloko-isenzi-into, kwaye isebenzisa isethi yamaxesha esenzi kwixesha elidlulileyo, langoku kunye nekamva. Izibizo zinesini (ubudoda okanye ubufazi), kwaye izichazi ziyavumelana nezibizo abazichazayo. Zimbini iintlobo zezihlomelo: ezo zibonisa indlela, kunye nezo zibonisa ixesha, indawo, ubuninzi kunye nobungakanani. Olu lwimi lukwabandakanya izimelabizo ezininzi, izindululo kunye nezihlanganisi.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwasegalician ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Funda amagama asisiseko kunye namabinzana: Qala ngokufunda amagama asisiseko kunye namabinzana greetings ngemibuliso, ukuzazisa, ukwazi abantu, kunye nokuqonda iincoko ezilula.
2. Thabatha imigaqo yegrama: Xa uneziseko phantsi, qala ukufunda imigaqo yegrama eyinkimbinkimbi, njengokudibanisa izenzi, ixesha, iifom zokuzithoba kunye nokunye.
3. Funda iincwadi kunye namanqaku: Thatha iincwadi okanye amanqaku abhalwe Ngesigalician kwaye uwafunde. Oku kuyakunceda ngokwenene xa kufikwa ekuphuhliseni isigama kunye nemvakalelo yakho yokubiza amagama.
4. Mamela izithethi zomthonyama: Mamela iipodcasts Zasegalician okanye iividiyo, ubukele iifilimu KUNYE nemiboniso YETV, okanye ufumane iqabane lencoko onokuziqhelanisa nalo.
5. Thetha, thetha, thetha: eyona ndlela yokufunda kukuziqhelanisa nokuthetha kangangoko unako. Nokuba kukunye nomhlobo okanye nguwe, zama ukusebenzisa oko ukufundileyo kwincoko yobomi bokwenyani.

I-Yakut lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi kumantla mpuma Erashiya. Njengoko olu lwimi lusandul ' ukwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni, kusekho imfuneko ebalulekileyo yeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyakut. Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ukubaluleka kokuguqulela kwi-Yakut kwaye sixoxe ngemiceli mngeni enxulumene nale nkqubo.

Ulwimi Lweyakut aluthethwa Kuphela Erashiya, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe Afana Nemongolia, Ichina Nekazakhstan. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imfuno yamazwe ngamazwe yeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyakut kunye nasekhaya. Eyona njongo iphambili yokuguqulela nokuvela Eyakut kukuvala izikhewu zeelwimi ukuze kuququzelelwe unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama nabanye abachaphazelekayo. Iinguqulelo nazo ziyafuneka kumaxwebhu asemthethweni, izivumelwano zozakuzo, izixhobo zemfundo, imithombo yeendaba kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nenkcubeko, kunye namanye amaxwebhu.

Xa kuziwa ekuguquleleni nasekusukeni, kukho imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Okokuqala, kukho umbuzo wokubizwa. Amagama Aqhelekileyo kunye aqhelekanga eneenfayile Yadav. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba abaguquleli baqhelane nezi nguqulelo zengingqi ukuze baqinisekise ukuchaneka. Omnye umceli mngeni kukuba amagama amaninzi aneentsingiselo ezininzi kuxhomekeke kumxholo asetyenziswa kuwo. Oku kwenza kube nzima ngabaguquleli ukuba baqonde intsingiselo echanileyo yegama okanye ibinzana, besenza ukuchana kubaluleke ngakumbi.

Nangona kukho imiceli mngeni enxulumene nokuguqulela ukuya nokubuya kwi-Yakut, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo. Njengoko ulwimi Lweyakut luqhubeka lufumana ukwamkelwa, kuya kubaluleka ngakumbi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo ezisuka Kwiyakut zikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zichanekile. Iinguqulelo ezisemgangathweni zibalulekile ekugcineni incoko yenkcubeko ephumelelayo kunye nonxibelelwano, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama abaneenkcubeko ezihlala zihlelelekile.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwaseyakut?

Ulwimi Lweyakut luthethwa Erashiya, Echina Nasemongolia.

Ziziphi iilwimi Zeyakut?

Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluvela Kwicaspian subgroup yeelwimi Ezisenyakatho-Ntshona Yeturkey. Kuthethwa ngabantu abangama-500,000 Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasesaka yaserussia, ikakhulukazi kwi-lena River drainage basin kunye ne-tributaries yayo. Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lunembali etyebileyo yoncwadi ebuyela emva kuncwadi lokuqala olurekhodiweyo phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-14. Uncwadi lwase-Yakut lwaluphenjelelwe kakhulu kukubhalwa kweembongi Zesufi Ezivela Kumbindi Mpuma Nakumbindi Weasia, kunye nababhali baserussia kunye nababhali abavela Kwi-Imperial Russia. Imisebenzi yokuqala ebhaliweyo Yaseyakut yayiyimibhalo yonqulo, kuquka iinguqulelo zeendinyana Zequranic kunye nomlando Kayusuf Nozulaikha.
Imisebenzi yokuqala yokuqala ebhalwe Kwi-Yakut yabonakala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kunye nemibongo, amabali amafutshane, kunye neenoveli ezibalisa ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu Base-Yakut. Ababhali baseyakut nabo baqalisa ukuhlola imixholo emikhulu kwimisebenzi yabo, njengomzabalazo wokulwa nobukoloniyali, ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko yemveli Yasesiberia, kunye nengxaki yabantu abacinezelweyo kuloo mmandla. Ngeminyaka yee-1920 neyee-1930, ulwimi Lweyakut lwafumana ukuvuselelwa koncwadi, olukhokelwa ngababhali abanjengoyuri Chegerev, Uanatoly Krotov, Ugennady Titov, Noivan Tazetdinov. Eli xesha labona ukuqhuma kwenani leencwadi ezipapashwe Eyakut, kunye nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kolwimi kumaxwebhu karhulumente nawolawulo.
Namhlanje, ulwimi Lwaseyakut lunandipha ukuvuselelwa phakathi kwezithethi zalo zomthonyama, kuze kupapashwe amaphephandaba namaphephancwadi amaninzi ngolwimi. Kukho kwakhona umdla ukwandisa izifundo Ulwimi Yakut ngaphandle Erashiya, kunye neeyunivesithi ezininzi ezifundisa izifundo ngolwimi.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lweyakut?

1. Uyuri Nikolaevich Vinokurov-ingcali yeelwimi, umbhali-mbali kunye nephilologist; 2. Stepan Georgievich Ostrovsky-Yakut imbongi, playwright, umbhali kunye nomguquleli; 3. U-Oleg Mikhailovich Belyaev - Umgxeki woncwadi kunye nombhali; 4. Liliya Vladimirovna Bagautdinova-Yakut folklorist; 5. Akulina Yeelovna Pavlova-umbhali wesichazi-magama kunye nomphandi wedialectology.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi Yakut?

Ulwimi Lwaseyakut lolwentsapho yolwimi Lwaseturkey kwaye luyinxalenye yeqela Lasenyakatho-Mpuma. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, oko kuthetha ukuba lisebenzisa izimamva ezinokuthi zongezwe kumagama ukudala iintsingiselo ezintsha kunye neefom. I-Yakut ichaphazeleka kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amagama atshintsha ifom yabo kuxhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo kwisivakalisi. Izibizo, izimelabizo, izichazi, kunye nezenzi zonke zifuna ukuphela ukubonisa ifom yazo kuxhomekeke kumxholo.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lweyakut ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana ikopi yencwadi yolwimi Lweyakut okanye isikhokelo somhlohli. Ukusebenza kwezi zifundo kule mathiriyeli yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuba nobuchule kulwimi.
2. Ziqhelise ukuthetha nokuphulaphula. Indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukuziqhelanisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngoko zama ukufumana iqabane lokuncokola ukuze uziqhelanise nalo.
3. Book in Yakuza. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde i-grammar and grammar of language.
4. Funda malunga nenkcubeko kunye nembali yeeyakuts. Ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nabantu kunye nendlela yabo yokuphila kunokukunceda uqonde ngcono ulwimi.
5. Watch yakuza media. Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikwi-intanethi, kubandakanya iinkqubo zikanomathotholo KUNYE nemiboniso YETV, efumaneka ngolwimi.
6. Visit Yakuza Ukuchitha ixesha kwingingqi kuya kukunika ithuba lokuzicwilisela kulwimi kwaye unxibelelane nezithethi zomthonyama.