Isiturkish Isimalay Guqulela

I-Turkish ngu yamandulo, ulwimi abaphila iingcambu kwi-central Asia, spanning amawaka eminyaka, kwaye abaqeshwe izigidi zabantu jikelele ehlabathini. Nangona kungaqhelekanga njengolwimi lwangaphandle, iturkey ibone ukuphinda inzala kunye nemfuno yeenkonzo zokuguqulela, ngakumbi entshona Yurophu njengoko ilizwe liya lisanda kwihlabathi liphela kwaye linxibelelene.

Ngenxa yembali yayo ende nentsonkothileyo, iturkey yenye yeelwimi ezicacileyo kwihlabathi, kunye nenkcubeko kunye ne-syntax equlethwe kwigrama yayo ekhethekileyo kunye nesigama. Ngesi sizathu, iinkonzo zomguquleli kufuneka zenziwe ziingcali zomthonyama eziqhelene kakhulu nolwimi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kunye nokutyibilika.

Xa uguqulela ukusuka okanye ngesiturkey, kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele ukuba ulwimi luzele zizilwimi kunye nezicatshulwa. Ngaphezu koko, iziyelelane ezininzi zikhona ukongeza kwinguqulo ebhaliweyo ebhaliweyo, ngoko ke ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekubizweni kwabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kuyo kunye nesigama.

Omnye umceli mngeni onxulumene nenguqulelo yesiturkey yinkqubo eneenkcukacha kakhulu yolwimi. Zonke iileta zinokutshintshwa ngokwemigaqo yegrama; kuthatha umguquleli onobuchule ukuba aqonde kwaye asebenzise le mithetho ngokuchanekileyo.

Ngokubanzi, isiturkish lulwimi oluntsonkothileyo noluhle olunesithethe esityebileyo somlomo, kunye nesinye esifuna isandla esinobuchule sokuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo. Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo unokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu akho agcina intsingiselo yawo xa ewahambisa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwesiturkish.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwaseturkey?

Ulwimi lwaseturkey luthethwa ikakhulu Eturkey, nakwimimandla Yasecyprus, Eiraq, Ebulgaria, Egrisi Nasejamani.

Yintoni imbali yolwimi lwaseturkey?

Ulwimi lwaseturkey, olwaziwa Ngokuba Yiturkic, lisebe leelwimi Zasealtaic. Kukholelwa ukuba yavela kulwimi lwezizwe zoonothwal ' impahlana zento ngoku eyiturkey kwiinkulungwane zokuqala ZEWAKA LEMINYAKA AD. Ulwimi lwaphuhliswa ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye lwaphenjelelwa kakhulu ziilwimi Zasemiddle East Kunye Ne-Asia ephakathi njengesiarabhu, isipersi nesigrike.
Ifom yokuqala ebhaliweyo yaseturkey ivela malunga nekhulu le-13 kwaye ibangelwa Ngamaturkey Aseseljuk, awoyisa amaninzi E-Anatolia ngeli xesha. Ulwimi ababelusebenzisa lwalubizwa ngokuthi "Old Anatolian Turkish" kwaye yayinamagama amaninzi asepersi nesiarabhu.
Ixesha Le-Ottoman (i-14 ukuya kwi-19th century) yabona ukuvela kolwimi olumiselweyo olusekelwe kwisilwimi se-Istanbul esaqala ukusetyenziswa kuwo onke amanqanaba oluntu kunye nemimandla yobukhosi. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba sisiturkish Sase-Ottoman, esaboleka amagama amaninzi kwezinye iilwimi ezifana nesiarabhu, isipersi nesigrike. Ubukhulu becala yayibhalwe ngesiarabhu.
Ngo-1928, uatatürk, umsunguli weriphabhlikhi yanamhlanje yaseturkey, wazisa ialfabhethi entsha yolwimi lwaseturkey, endaweni yeskripthi sesiarabhu ngoonobumba besilatin abaguquliweyo. Oku kwaguqula isiturkish kwaye kwenza kube lula ukufunda nokusebenzisa. Namhlanje isiturkish sithethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-65 emhlabeni jikelele, okwenza kube yenye yeelwimi ezinkulu Eyurophu.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwaseturkey?

1. U-Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: Umsunguli kunye Nomongameli wokuqala Weriphabhlikhi Yaseturkey, U-Atatürk uhlala ebizwa ngokuba ukwazisa utshintsho olukhulayo kulwimi lwaseturkey, kubandakanya nokwenza lula ialfabhethi, ukutshintsha amagama angaphandle kunye nokulingana kweturkey, kunye nokukhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukufundisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwimi.
2. U-Ahmet Cevdet: umphengululi wase-Ottoman, U-Ahmet Cevdet wabhala isichazi-magama sokuqala sesiturkey, esabandakanya amagama amaninzi asearabhu namapersi kwaye anika intsingiselo eqhelekileyo kumagama aseturkey kunye namabinzana.
3. U-Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil: umbhali odumileyo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, Uşaklıgil ubalwa ngokuvuselela umdla kwisitayela semibongo yekhulu le-16 lembongi Yase-Ottoman Unâzim Hikmet, kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoncwadi ezifana ne-wordplay kunye nemibuzo yokuthetha.
4. I-Recep Tayyip Erdoğan: Umongameli wangoku Waseturkey, U-Erdoğan udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ubunikazi besizwe ngeentetho zakhe nangenkxaso yakhe ekusebenziseni iturkey ebomini boluntu.
5. Ubedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu: enye yamanani aphambili kwimibongo yanamhlanje yaseturkey ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1940, U-Eyüboğlu wanceda ukwazisa izinto zoncwadi Lwasentshona kunye nesithethe kuncwadi lwaseturkey, kunye nokwenza ukuba kuthandwe ukusetyenziswa kwesigama semihla ngemihla saseturkey.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwaseturkey?

Isiturkish lulwimi oluguqukayo, oluthetha ukuba isebenzisa i-affixes( iziphelo zamagama) ukongeza ulwazi oluthe kratya kunye nenuance kumagama. Kwakhona inomxholo-Into-Isenzi igama umyalelo. I-turkey nayo ine-inventri enkulu ye-vowel kunye nokwahlula phakathi kobude be-vowel. Inamaqoqo amaninzi e-consonant, kunye neentlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo kwiisilabhasi.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwaseturkey ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokufunda iziseko zolwimi, ezinje ngealfabhethi kunye negrama esisiseko. 2. Sebenzisa izixhobo zasimahla kwi-intanethi ezinje ngezifundo zolwimi lwaseturkey, iipodcasts, kunye neevidiyo ukuqhubela phambili ulwazi lwakho. 3. Zibekele ucwangciso lokufundisisa rhoqo, uzibophelele ekufundisiseni ulwimi ubuncinane kanye ngeveki. 4. Ziqhelise ukuthetha isiturkish kunye nezithethi zomthonyama okanye ngeenkqubo zokutshintshiselana ngeelwimi. 5. Sebenzisa iiflashcards kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhumbula ukukunceda ukhumbule amagama aphambili kunye namabinzana. 6. Mamela umculo waseturkey kwaye ubukele iifilimu zaseturkey ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nenkcubeko kwaye uphucule izakhono zakho zokumamela. 7. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha ikhefu rhoqo ukuze uzinike ixesha lokulungisa oko ukufundileyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. 8. Ungesabi ukwenza iimpazamo - iimpazamo ziyingxenye yenkqubo yokufunda. 9. Zicel ' umngeni ukuba uzame izinto ezintsha kwaye utyhale imida yakho. 10. Yonwaba ngelixa ufunda!

Inguqulelo yesimalay: Isixhobo Esibalulekileyo Kumashishini

Kwimakethi yanamhlanje yehlabathi, ukufikelela kuguqulelo lweetekisi ngeelwimi ezininzi kubalulekile kumashishini afuna ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli bamanye amazwe. Uguqulelo lwemalay sisixhobo esinamandla esinokunceda amashishini ukuba aphule kwiimarike ezintsha kwaye asebenzise amathuba kumazwe kwihlabathi liphela.

Imalay, ekwabizwa Ngokuba Yimalaysia okanye Ibahasa Melayu, yinxalenye yosapho lweelwimi Lwase-Australia kwaye kuthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200 Emalaysia, Eindonesia, Esingapore nasebrunei. Ulwimi Olusemthethweni Emalaysia kwaye lulwimi olusemthethweni Ebrunei Nasesingapore. Ngenxa yoko, kuya kusiba nzima ngakumbi ukuba amashishini akwazi ukubonelela ngamaxwebhu kunye nonxibelelwano Ngolwimi Lwasemalaysia.

Ukuba neenguqulelo ezichanekileyo ezimele ngokuchanekileyo isicatshulwa santlandlolo somthombo kubalulekile kulo naliphi na ishishini lokungena kumazwe athetha Imalay. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo oluguqulelweyo ludlulisela intsingiselo ekujoliswe kuyo ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Abaguquleli Abaqeqeshiweyo Basemalay basebenzisa ubuchule babo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinguqulelo zichanekile kwaye zidlulisela umyalezo ofanelekileyo kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo.

Ukusebenzisa abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo Besimalay kubalulekile kumashishini afuna ukuphumelela kwezi marike. Abaguquleli Basemalay banolwazi olunzulu ngolwimi kunye nenkcubeko enxulumene nalo kwaye baya kuba nakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo abalunikelayo luchanekile kwaye luyasebenza. Bayayiqonda imeko yenkcubeko kwaye banokunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokubonisa izimvo ngolwimi.

Ukuguqulela izicatshulwa Emalay kufuna ukuziqhelanisa nenkcubeko. Oku kubandakanya ukuqonda izinto zenkcubeko kunye nokulungelelanisa isicatshulwa ukuze silingane kwimeko yenkcubeko. Abaguquleli Abaqeqeshiweyo Basemalay baqhelene nendlela ezithile ezivakaliswa ngayo kulwimi yaye banokuziqhelanisa nesicatshulwa sabaphulaphuli abahlukahlukeneyo.

Ukuqukumbela, uguqulelo Lwemalay sisixhobo esinamandla kumashishini afuna ukufikelela kwiimarike ezintsha. Ngelixa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo zichanekile kwaye zisebenza, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele imeko yenkcubeko xa uguqulela izicatshulwa kulwimi. Abaguquleli Besimalay abanamava ngolwimi yaye banokunikela ngeenguqulelo ezichanileyo nezifanelekileyo ngokwamasiko. Ngoncedo lwabo, amashishini anokuqinisekisa ukuba banxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo kwaye bafumana umthombo kwiimarike zamanye amazwe.

Ngawaphi Amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwasemalay?

Imalay ithethwa ikakhulu Emalaysia, Eindonesia, Ebrunei, Esingapore nakumazantsi Ethailand.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngabantu Basemalaysia?

Ulwimi Lwesimalay lulwimi Lwaseostreliya oluthethwa ngabantu Kusingasiqithi Wasemalay, indawo esemazantsi Ethailand kunye nonxweme olusemantla Esumatra. Ikwasetyenziswa Ebrunei, Empuma Yemalaysia nakwiindawo Zepilipinas. Kukholelwa ukuba Ulwimi Lwesimalay luvela malunga nekhulu lesi-2 BC, luneengcambu zalo kulwimi Lwesimalayoisipolynesia olwaqala ukusasazeka ukusuka kwindawo Yemalacca Straits. Owona mbhalo mdala owaziwayo Wasemalay, ofumaneka kwithebhulethi yelitye evela kwingingqi Yaseterengganu, ubuyela kunyaka we-1303 AD.
Ngenkulungwane ye-19th, Ulwimi Lwesimalay lwaziswa kwiikholoni Zasebritane Esingapore Nasepenang ngabarhwebi abavela Kusingasiqithi Wasemalay. Ngexesha lobukoloniyali, Ibrithani yavelisa uhlobo olubhaliweyo lolwimi olusekelwe kwi-dutch orthography, ebizwa Ngokuba Yirumi. Olu hlobo lokubhala lusasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumazwe athetha Imalay namhlanje.
Ngexesha lenkulungwane yama-20, Ulwimi Lwasemalay lwafumana ukubekwa emgangathweni ngeenzame Zedewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), eliziko leelwimi Lesizwe Lasemalaysia. I-DBP iphuhlise ulwimi lwangoku loncwadi, olwaziwa ngokuba Yibahasa Malaysia namhlanje. Olu lwimi luye lwaba lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasemalaysia, kwaye luthethwa ngokubanzi Esingapore, Ebrunei, Empuma Yemalaysia nasepilipinas.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesimalay?

1. Raja Ali Hai-imisebenzi Yakhe idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ulwimi Lwesimalay.
2. Umunshi Abdullah-umphengululi odumileyo wenkundla Yasemalay wenkulungwane ye-19 owabhala U-Istilah-istilah Melayu (Amagama Asemalay).
3. Urosli Klong-wayenoxanduva lokuphuhliswa kolwimi lwangoku Lwesimalay, kunye nemisebenzi yakhe echaza ifom yayo esemgangathweni.
4. Izainal Abidin Ahmad - ekwabizwa Ngokuba Yipak Zain, wayeluncedo ekuveliseni imisebenzi enje Ngekamus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (Isichazi-Magama solwimi Lwesizwe Kunye Noncwadi) kunye Nemigangatho Yasemalaysian Bahasa Emalaysia.
5. Usman Awang - Imisebenzi Yakhe efana Nepantun Melayu (izibongo zemveli Zasemalay) zithathwa njengezakudala zenkcubeko Yasemalay.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngabantu Basemalaysia?

Ulwimi Lwesimalay lulwimi oluguqukayo, oko kuthetha ukuba lulandela ulwakhiwo apho amagama enziwe ngezinto ezizodwa ezenza iyunithi enye. Ezi zinto, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-morphemes, zinokuqulatha ulwazi malunga nentsingiselo, ubume kunye nokubiza igama, kwaye zinokongezwa, zisuswe okanye zitshintshwe ukuhambisa iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, igama elithi 'makan' lithetha 'ukutya', kodwa ukongezwa kwe-morpheme '- nya 'kutshintsha igama elithi 'makannya', elithetha 'yakhe' kunye nentsingiselo efanayo. Ubudlelwane begrama bubonakaliswa ngokuyinhloko ngokulandelelana kwegama endaweni yokungena, Kwaye Imalay inesakhiwo esicacileyo sesivakalisi.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwesimalay ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokufunda amagama asisiseko kunye namabinzana. Ziqhelanise nolwimi Lwesimalay ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithandwayo ezinje ngezifundo ezikwi-intanethi, iincwadi, kunye neeapps zokufunda ulwimi.
2. Mamela iincoko okanye ubukele iimovie kwaye ubonise Emalay ukuze ufumane ukuqonda kokuhamba kolwimi kunye nesingqisho.
3. Ukubhala Kunye nokuthetha Ngesimalay kunye nesithethi somthonyama. Ungasebenzisa incoko exchange websites okanye ukufumana iqabane ulwimi.
4. Funda Imalay grammar kunye nemithetho. Funda iincwadi zezifundo, sebenzisa izifundo ezikwi-intanethi kunye nokuziqhelanisa.
5. Zicel ' umngeni ngokufunda iincwadi namanqaku abhalwe Emalaysia. Zama isandla sakho ekubhaleni amabali amafutshane okanye izithuba zeblogi Emalaysia.
6. Zigcine ukhuthazekile ngokuzibekela usukelo uze ulandele inkqubela yakho. Bhiyozela impumelelo yakho kwaye ungadangali xa usenza iimpazamo.
7. Fumana Malik kwezinye iilwimi. Fumana abahlobo abathetha Isimalay kwaye bathathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo. Ndwendwela Imalaysia okanye naliphi na ilizwe apho Kuthethwa Imalaysia.