Isiturkish Mari Guqulela

I-Turkish ngu yamandulo, ulwimi abaphila iingcambu kwi-central Asia, spanning amawaka eminyaka, kwaye abaqeshwe izigidi zabantu jikelele ehlabathini. Nangona kungaqhelekanga njengolwimi lwangaphandle, iturkey ibone ukuphinda inzala kunye nemfuno yeenkonzo zokuguqulela, ngakumbi entshona Yurophu njengoko ilizwe liya lisanda kwihlabathi liphela kwaye linxibelelene.

Ngenxa yembali yayo ende nentsonkothileyo, iturkey yenye yeelwimi ezicacileyo kwihlabathi, kunye nenkcubeko kunye ne-syntax equlethwe kwigrama yayo ekhethekileyo kunye nesigama. Ngesi sizathu, iinkonzo zomguquleli kufuneka zenziwe ziingcali zomthonyama eziqhelene kakhulu nolwimi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kunye nokutyibilika.

Xa uguqulela ukusuka okanye ngesiturkey, kubalulekile ukuba uqwalasele ukuba ulwimi luzele zizilwimi kunye nezicatshulwa. Ngaphezu koko, iziyelelane ezininzi zikhona ukongeza kwinguqulo ebhaliweyo ebhaliweyo, ngoko ke ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekubizweni kwabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kuyo kunye nesigama.

Omnye umceli mngeni onxulumene nenguqulelo yesiturkey yinkqubo eneenkcukacha kakhulu yolwimi. Zonke iileta zinokutshintshwa ngokwemigaqo yegrama; kuthatha umguquleli onobuchule ukuba aqonde kwaye asebenzise le mithetho ngokuchanekileyo.

Ngokubanzi, isiturkish lulwimi oluntsonkothileyo noluhle olunesithethe esityebileyo somlomo, kunye nesinye esifuna isandla esinobuchule sokuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo. Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo unokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu akho agcina intsingiselo yawo xa ewahambisa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwesiturkish.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwaseturkey?

Ulwimi lwaseturkey luthethwa ikakhulu Eturkey, nakwimimandla Yasecyprus, Eiraq, Ebulgaria, Egrisi Nasejamani.

Yintoni imbali yolwimi lwaseturkey?

Ulwimi lwaseturkey, olwaziwa Ngokuba Yiturkic, lisebe leelwimi Zasealtaic. Kukholelwa ukuba yavela kulwimi lwezizwe zoonothwal ' impahlana zento ngoku eyiturkey kwiinkulungwane zokuqala ZEWAKA LEMINYAKA AD. Ulwimi lwaphuhliswa ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye lwaphenjelelwa kakhulu ziilwimi Zasemiddle East Kunye Ne-Asia ephakathi njengesiarabhu, isipersi nesigrike.
Ifom yokuqala ebhaliweyo yaseturkey ivela malunga nekhulu le-13 kwaye ibangelwa Ngamaturkey Aseseljuk, awoyisa amaninzi E-Anatolia ngeli xesha. Ulwimi ababelusebenzisa lwalubizwa ngokuthi "Old Anatolian Turkish" kwaye yayinamagama amaninzi asepersi nesiarabhu.
Ixesha Le-Ottoman (i-14 ukuya kwi-19th century) yabona ukuvela kolwimi olumiselweyo olusekelwe kwisilwimi se-Istanbul esaqala ukusetyenziswa kuwo onke amanqanaba oluntu kunye nemimandla yobukhosi. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba sisiturkish Sase-Ottoman, esaboleka amagama amaninzi kwezinye iilwimi ezifana nesiarabhu, isipersi nesigrike. Ubukhulu becala yayibhalwe ngesiarabhu.
Ngo-1928, uatatürk, umsunguli weriphabhlikhi yanamhlanje yaseturkey, wazisa ialfabhethi entsha yolwimi lwaseturkey, endaweni yeskripthi sesiarabhu ngoonobumba besilatin abaguquliweyo. Oku kwaguqula isiturkish kwaye kwenza kube lula ukufunda nokusebenzisa. Namhlanje isiturkish sithethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-65 emhlabeni jikelele, okwenza kube yenye yeelwimi ezinkulu Eyurophu.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwaseturkey?

1. U-Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: Umsunguli kunye Nomongameli wokuqala Weriphabhlikhi Yaseturkey, U-Atatürk uhlala ebizwa ngokuba ukwazisa utshintsho olukhulayo kulwimi lwaseturkey, kubandakanya nokwenza lula ialfabhethi, ukutshintsha amagama angaphandle kunye nokulingana kweturkey, kunye nokukhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukufundisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwimi.
2. U-Ahmet Cevdet: umphengululi wase-Ottoman, U-Ahmet Cevdet wabhala isichazi-magama sokuqala sesiturkey, esabandakanya amagama amaninzi asearabhu namapersi kwaye anika intsingiselo eqhelekileyo kumagama aseturkey kunye namabinzana.
3. U-Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil: umbhali odumileyo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, Uşaklıgil ubalwa ngokuvuselela umdla kwisitayela semibongo yekhulu le-16 lembongi Yase-Ottoman Unâzim Hikmet, kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoncwadi ezifana ne-wordplay kunye nemibuzo yokuthetha.
4. I-Recep Tayyip Erdoğan: Umongameli wangoku Waseturkey, U-Erdoğan udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ubunikazi besizwe ngeentetho zakhe nangenkxaso yakhe ekusebenziseni iturkey ebomini boluntu.
5. Ubedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu: enye yamanani aphambili kwimibongo yanamhlanje yaseturkey ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1940, U-Eyüboğlu wanceda ukwazisa izinto zoncwadi Lwasentshona kunye nesithethe kuncwadi lwaseturkey, kunye nokwenza ukuba kuthandwe ukusetyenziswa kwesigama semihla ngemihla saseturkey.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwaseturkey?

Isiturkish lulwimi oluguqukayo, oluthetha ukuba isebenzisa i-affixes( iziphelo zamagama) ukongeza ulwazi oluthe kratya kunye nenuance kumagama. Kwakhona inomxholo-Into-Isenzi igama umyalelo. I-turkey nayo ine-inventri enkulu ye-vowel kunye nokwahlula phakathi kobude be-vowel. Inamaqoqo amaninzi e-consonant, kunye neentlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo kwiisilabhasi.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwaseturkey ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokufunda iziseko zolwimi, ezinje ngealfabhethi kunye negrama esisiseko. 2. Sebenzisa izixhobo zasimahla kwi-intanethi ezinje ngezifundo zolwimi lwaseturkey, iipodcasts, kunye neevidiyo ukuqhubela phambili ulwazi lwakho. 3. Zibekele ucwangciso lokufundisisa rhoqo, uzibophelele ekufundisiseni ulwimi ubuncinane kanye ngeveki. 4. Ziqhelise ukuthetha isiturkish kunye nezithethi zomthonyama okanye ngeenkqubo zokutshintshiselana ngeelwimi. 5. Sebenzisa iiflashcards kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhumbula ukukunceda ukhumbule amagama aphambili kunye namabinzana. 6. Mamela umculo waseturkey kwaye ubukele iifilimu zaseturkey ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nenkcubeko kwaye uphucule izakhono zakho zokumamela. 7. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha ikhefu rhoqo ukuze uzinike ixesha lokulungisa oko ukufundileyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. 8. Ungesabi ukwenza iimpazamo - iimpazamo ziyingxenye yenkqubo yokufunda. 9. Zicel ' umngeni ukuba uzame izinto ezintsha kwaye utyhale imida yakho. 10. Yonwaba ngelixa ufunda!

Translation: Ukuguqulela Iilwimi Ukuqonda Yenkcubeko

I-Mari Translation yinkonzo yokuguqulela yamazwe ngamazwe ekhusela izikhewu zenkcubeko ngokubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezichanekileyo, ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiilwimi ezininzi. Yasekwa ngonyaka ka-2012, I-Mari Translation izenzele njengenkokeli kwiinkonzo zeelwimi kwaye ibonelela ngoluhlu lweenguqulelo, kubandakanya nezo zinxulumene nezonyango, ezomthetho, ezobuchwephesha kunye neeprojekthi zentengiso.

Ukuzibophelela kwenkampani ekwenzeni izithintelo zolwimi yinto yexesha elidlulileyo kuyenze ukuba ibe yenye yeenkonzo zokuguqulela ezinokuthenjwa. Iqela layo leengcali liquka izithethi zomthonyama ezigxile kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngespanish, isifrentshi, isijamani, isitaliyane, isirashiya, Isitshayina Kunye Nesijapan. Zonke iinguqulelo zamagama zihlolwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zilungelelaniswe ngokwemigaqo yolwimi olujoliswe kuyo, ngokuqwalasela amasiko asekuhlaleni, imimandla kunye neelwimi.

I-Mari Translation ikwabonelela ngeenkonzo zendawo. Olu hlobo lokuguqulela luhlengahlengisa isicatshulwa ukuze sihambelane nolindelo lwenkcubeko kunye nokukhethwa kwabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo. Ngothungelwano lwayo olubanzi lwee-localizers kunye nabaguquleli, Inguqulelo Ye-Mari inokubonelela ngezisombululo ezibanzi zendawo, ukusuka kwiintlelo ezithile zeshishini ukuya kulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwenkcubeko.

Ukongeza, inkampani ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezinye iinkonzo, ezinje ngeetoliki zeentlanganiso zeshishini,inguqulelo yeaudio / yevidiyo,ukukhutshelwa, kunye nokubhaliweyo. Iqela lethu leengcali liyafumaneka 24/7 ukubonelela ngeenguqulelo ezikhawulezayo nezichanekileyo ngelixa ugcina uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwabathengi engqondweni.

Kwi-Mari Translation, kugxilwe ekuboneleleni ngeenguqulelo ezisemgangathweni ngokusebenza okuphezulu. Inkampani iyazingca ngokulandela amanyathelo angqongqo olawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuzinikela ekuhambiseni iziphumo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ikwayilwela ukwakha ubudlelwane obuqinileyo babathengi kunye nokubonelela ngenkonzo eyenzelwe wena.

Ukuguqulelwa kwe-Mari lukhetho olukhulu kuye nabani na ojonge ukuvala izithintelo zolwimi kunye nenkcubeko. Ngeqela layo elizinikeleyo leengcali, iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo ezisemgangathweni, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo, inkampani iqinisekile ukwenza unxibelelwano lube lula kwaye lusebenze.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwasemari?

Ulwimi Lwasemari luthethwa ikakhulu Erashiya, nangona kukho abathethi E-Estonia Nase-Ukraine. Ulwimi olusemthethweni Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasemari El, isihloko somdibaniso Waserashiya.

Liliphi igama Lolwimi Lwasemari?

Ulwimi Lwasemari lilungu losapho Lolwimi Lweuralic, kwaye lulwimi lomthonyama lwabantu abamalunga nama-450,000 Emari El, iriphabhlikhi ngaphakathi kwerussian Federation. Ithethwa ngabantu Basemari, abayinzala yabantu basefinno-Urgic bamandulo abaqala ukufudukela kule ndawo ukusuka Kumbindi nakwinyakatho Yurophu malunga ne-3000 BC. Ingxelo yokuqala ebhaliweyo yolwimi Lwasemari yavela ngo-1243, xa Ugrand Duke Ugeorgy Vsevolodovich wasevladimir wasungula indawo Yokuhlala Yaseyuriev (ngoku eyaziwa Ngokuba Yiyaroslavl). Olu lwimi luneziyelelane ezibini ezahlukeneyo-I-Hill Mari Kunye Ne-Meadow Mari-ezahlukileyo ngokwendlela yokubiza, igrama kunye nesigama. Ukutyhubela imbali yayo, Ulwimi Lwasemari luye lwaboleka amagama avela kwezinye iilwimi ezifana nesitatar, isirashiya nesijamani. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, olu lwimi lwaqala ukubhalwa ngoonobumba Besicyrillic, yaye ebudeni bexesha Lesoviet, lwakhuthazwa ngokukhutheleyo njengolwimi loncwadi lwaza lwasetyenziswa kwimfundo nakumaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwenziwa iinzame zokuvuselela ulwimi, ngakumbi ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yedijithali.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwasemari?

1. Umario Salazar - usomlomo wasemari kunye nolwimi oluvela Esan Lucas Quiavini E-Oaxaca, Emexico. Uyaziwa ngomsebenzi wakhe kuphando, amaxwebhu, kunye nokuvuselelwa kolwimi Lwasemari.
2. Uheber Osvaldo Honorio Santiago - ungumfundisi kunye nomguquleli Wolwimi Wasemari Waseguerrero, Emexico. Ungumsunguli Wesikolo Solwimi Sasemari Eatoyac de Alvarez.
3. Udon Benito García Sámano-ungutitshala Wolwimi Lwasemari kunye nomlawuli Weziko Loqeqesho Lwenkcubeko Eguerrero, Emexico. Umsebenzi wakhe waba negalelo ekuphuhliseni ikharityhulam yokuqala kulwimi Lwemari ejolise kubafundi besikolo samabanga aphantsi.
4. U-César A. Varón-ungumntu we-anthropologist owenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo ekuphandeni nasekubhaleni ulwimi Lwasemari. Ngo-2009, washicilela Incwadi Yokuqala Ye-Mari grammar, I-Gramática mari: i-principios kunye ne-del idioma, kunye Ne-Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas.
5. Juventina Valenzuela - ungumhlohli Waseguerrero, Emexico. Ungumlawuli kunye nomsunguli weziko lemfundo yeelwimi ezimbini " Urimareye "("indawo yokukhanya"), esebenza njengeziko Lokubuyiselwa kolwimi Lwasemari kubantwana Eguerrero, Emexico.

Njani Ulwimi Lwasemari?

Ulwimi Lwasemari lulwimi Lweuralic oluthethwa ngabantu Basemari, abahlala kwiriphabhlikhi Yasemari El yaserussia kunye neendawo ezikufutshane. Ineziyelelane ezintathu eziphambili: Imeadow, Induli Kunye Nentaba. I-syntax yayo ikakhulu inogglutinative, kunye nezinye izinto ezinefuthe. Amagama formed ngokudibanisa ingcambu kunye nezimamva, ayinike i-morphology etyebileyo neyinkimbinkimbi. Ulwimi Lwasemari lukwasebenzisa ukuphindaphinda ukugxininiswa kunye nokwenza amagama eentsingiselo ezininzi. Kukho isenzi-umyalelo wokugqibela wegama, oku kuthetha ukuba isihloko, into kunye nesenzi zivela ekupheleni kwesivakalisi.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwasemari ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Thenga isikhokelo sokufunda ulwimi esijolise kulwimi Lwasemari, njengekhosi Yeroutledge Kulwimi Lwangoku Lwemari ngukenneth E. Croft.
2. Fumana isithethi somthonyama Sasemari onokuziqhelanisa nokuthetha naye.
3. Yiya kwiklasi yolwimi Lwasemari okanye ikhosi enikezelwa kwindawo yakho.
4. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikwi-intanethi ukuziqhelanisa nezakhono zakho zolwimi Lwemari, ezinje ngewebhusayithi, ukurekhodwa kweaudiyo kunye nevidiyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwimi olusebenzisanayo.
5. Ziqhelanise namasiko nezithethe zabantu Base-Mari ukuze utyebise ngakumbi ukufunda ulwimi lwakho.
6. Mamela Umculo Wasemari kwaye ubukele iimovie Zasemari ukuze uqhelane nendlela ulwimi oluvakala ngayo.