Maori Chuvashname Guqulela

Isimaori lulwimi Lomthonyama Enew Zealand kunye nolwimi olusemthethweni lwabantu Basemaori. Sithetha ngabantu abangaphezu kwe-130,000 emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi Kwiziqithi Ezisenyakatho Nasenew Zealand. Ulwimi lwesimaori luthathwa njengolwimi lwesipolynesia, kwaye lubalulekile kwinkcubeko yamamaori nakwilifa lemveli. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zesimaori ziye zathandwa ngakumbi kumashishini, kwimibutho, nakubantu abafuna ukunxibelelana nabantu Besimaori okanye bafunde ngakumbi ngolwimi.

Inguqulelo yesimaori yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kuba ulwimi lunomongo kakhulu kwaye lunokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuqesha umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo olwazi ulwimi kwaye aqonde izinto zalo. Abaguquleli abangamamaori abaqeqeshiweyo badla ngokuba zizithethi zolwimi lweenkobe yaye baqeqeshwa kakhulu kwiinkalo zolwimi.

Ngenxa yokuntsonkotha kwenguqulelo Yesimaori, inokubiza imali eninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kusafanelekile. Awuyi kufumana uguqulelo oluchanekileyo kuphela, kodwa uya kuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkcubeko, ukwandisa ukuqonda, kunye nokwandisa ubudlelwane.

Xa usebenza nomguquleli Wemaori, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngomxholo omninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kubandakanya abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo, injongo, kunye nolunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Ukwenza oku kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo lwakho luchanekile kwaye lucacile.

Ngokubanzi, iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zasemaori zinokunceda ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweenkcubeko kwaye zivulele amathuba amatsha oshishino kunye nonxibelelwano. Ngokuqesha umguquleli Oqeqeshiweyo Wemaori, unokuqiniseka ukuba umyalezo wakho unxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nangentlonelo.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngamamaori?

Isimaori lulwimi Olusemthethweni Lwasenew Zealand. Ikwathethwa ngabantu Basemaori Eostreliya, Ecanada NASE-USA.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngamamaori?

Ulwimi Lwesimaori luthethwa Kwaye lusetyenziswa Enew Zealand ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-800, isenza ukuba ibe yenye yeelwimi ezindala emhlabeni. Imvelaphi yayo inokulandelwa emva kwabafuduki Basepolynesia abafika kuqala kwesi siqithi ngenkulungwane ye-13, bezisa ulwimi lwabo lwezinyanya. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ulwimi lwavela kwaye lwathatha iimpawu zalo ezahlukeneyo njengoko luhambelana nezinye iilwimi zasekuhlaleni kunye neziyelelane. Olu lwimi lwalupheleliselwe kwizithethe zomlomo de kwayiminyaka yoo-1800, xa abavangeli Abangamakristu baqalisa ukuguqulela izicatshulwa kulwimi Lwesimaori. Njengoko I-New Zealand yafudukela kwidemokhrasi kunye nobuzwe phakathi kwe-1900s, ulwimi lwanikwa isikhundla esisemthethweni kwaye lwaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesazisi sikazwelonke Sasenew Zealand. Namhlanje, ulwimi Lwesimaori lusasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulo lonke ilizwe kwaye lufundiswa ezikolweni kulo lonke ilizwe.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesimaori?

1. Usir Apirana Ngata: Wayelilungu lokuqala Lepalamente Yamamaori (ngo-1905-1943) kwaye wayengumqhubi oqhuba emva kokuvuselelwa kolwimi Lwamamaori ngokusetyenziswa ngokusemthethweni kwimfundo yoluntu kunye nokuguqulelwa kweencwadi kulwimi.
2. I-rangi Hīroa (Umnumzana Peter Hēnare): wayeyinkokeli ebalulekileyo Yamamaori eyabandakanyeka Ekukhuthazeni inkcubeko yamamaori Neyamapakeha, kwaye wancedisa ekukhuthazeni ukusetyenziswa kolwimi Lwamamaori kuzo zonke iinkalo zoluntu.
3. Udame Nganeko Minhinnick: wayenempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso lukanomathotholo Wasemaori, iminyhadala kunye namathuba emfundo kwaye wayenempembelelo ekuphuhliseni Umthetho Wekomishoni Yeelwimi Zasemaori ka-1987.
4. Udame Kōkai Hipango: wayengumfazi wokuqala Wasemaori ukuba abe yijaji Yenkundla Ephakamileyo Yasenew Zealand kwaye wayedume ngokuxhasa kwakhe ukuvuselelwa kolwimi Lwasemaori.
5. I Taura Whiri i I Reo Māori (Ikhomishini Yolwimi Lwesimaori): Ikhomishini yolwimi Lwesimaori isebenza ukukhuthaza nokugcina ulwimi Lwesimaori. Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo ngo-1987, Ikomishoni iye yaba negalelo ekuncedeni ukuvuselela ulwimi ngokuphuhlisa izixhobo ezitsha, iindlela zokufundisa kunye namanyathelo okufundisa.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngamamaori?

Ulwimi Lwesimaori lulwimi Lwesipolynesia, kwaye isakhiwo salo sibonakaliswa linani elikhulu lezibizo kunye nezenzi ezilinganiselweyo. Isebenzisa inkqubo yezimamva kwiintsingiselo ezithile kumagama, eyaziwa ngokuba yigrama yokwenziwa. Ikwanoluhlu olubanzi lwezandi kunye neesilabhasi ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza amagama anentsingiselo. I-word order isimahla, nangona inokuqina kwiimeko ezithile.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwesimaori ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Zibhaptize ngolwimi Lwesimāori kunye nenkcubeko: Qala ngokuya kwiklasi yolwimi Lwesimāori, njengaleyo ibonelelwe Ngute Wananga o Aotearoa okanye iwi yakho yendawo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imeko yenkcubeko apho ulwimi Lwesimāori kunye namasiko asetyenziswa kakhulu.
2. Mamela, bukela kwaye ufunde ulwimi Lwesimāori kangangoko kunokwenzeka: Fumana unomathotholo wolwimi Lwesimāori (UMZ. RNZ Māori), bukela iinkqubo zikamabonwakude zolwimi Lwesimāori kunye neefilimu, funda iincwadi, amahlaya kunye namabali Ngesimāori kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uphinda into oyivayo kwaye uyibona.
3. Ziqhelise ukuthetha ulwimi: Zama ukufumana amathuba okuncokola nezithethi zomthonyama Zesimāori ezinje ngosapho okanye abahlobo, okanye uye kwimisitho Yesimāori kunye nesikohanga reo (amaziko okufunda ulwimi lwasemāori).
4. Sebenzisa izixhobo ze-intanethi ukukunceda ufunde: zininzi izibonelelo ze-intanethi ezikhoyo, ezinje Ngesichazi-magama Solwimi Lwesimāori, eziprintiweyo kunye neencwadi ezirekhodiweyo, iziteshi Zeyoutube kunye namaqela eendaba ezentlalo anika inkxaso enkulu kubafundi bolwimi Lwesimāori.
5. Yonwaba: Ukufunda ulwimi kufuneka kube ngamava amnandi kwaye anomvuzo, ke musa ukoyiswa ngumceli mngeni-thatha inyathelo elinye ngexesha kwaye wonwabele uhambo!

Inguqulelo yesichuvash, ekwabizwa ngokuba yinguqulelo Yesichuvash, yindlela ekhethekileyo yokuguqulela esetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana ngolwimi Lwesichuvash. Ulwimi luvela kubantu Basechuvash, abahlala kwiindawo Zaserashiya Naseukraine. Yenye yeelwimi Zaseturkey kwaye inezithethi ezingaphezu kwesigidi, isenza ulwimi olubalulekileyo ukuguqulela.

Ukuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo ukusuka okanye Ukuya Kwi-Chuvash, kubalulekile ukuqonda iindlela ezintsonkothileyo zokuguqulela. Kungenxa yokuba i-chuvash alphabet yahlukile kwi-Latin alphabet, esetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiilwimi Zaseyurophu. Ngenxa yoko, amagama aqukethe iileta Zesicyrillic Ezifana No-A, B, C, Kufuneka aguqulelwe kwisilatini esilinganayo ukuze aqondwe ngumfundi.

Inkqubo yokuguqulela Kwichuvash ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela. Okokuqala, umguquleli kufuneka aqonde kakuhle iilwimi ezithethwa ngabantu. Kufuneka baqonde isakhiwo sesivakalisi, intsingiselo, kunye nokubiza ulwimi lomthombo. Emva koko kufuneka bakwazi ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo kulwimi olujoliswe kuyo, ngokuqwalasela imigaqo yegrama kunye nesakhiwo sesivakalisi solwimi olujoliswe kuyo.

Nje ukuba uguqulelo lugqityiwe, umguquleli kufuneka athelekise ngononophelo isicatshulwa santlandlolo nenguqulelo eguqulelweyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo luchanekile kwaye luhambisa ngokufanelekileyo umyalezo ocetywayo. Kwakhona luxanduva lomguquleli ukwenza uhlolo olongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na iimbekiselo zenkcubeko kunye namagama esigama aguqulelwe ngokuchanekileyo.

Kulabo bafuna ukufunda Ichuvash, kukho iikhosi ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi nakwiiyunivesithi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukufunda ulwimi akusayi kunika ulwazi olunzulu malunga nokuguqulelwa Kwechuvash. Ukutolikwa kwephupha kungenziwa kuphela ngeminyaka yokutolikwa kwephupha kunye nokutolikwa kwamaphupha.

Ngokubanzi, i-chuvash translation sisakhono esibalulekileyo sokuqonda ukuba unqwenela ukunxibelelana nabantu basechuvash. Ngendlela efanelekileyo kunye nolwazi, kunokuba ngamava achitha ixesha kodwa anomvuzo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi Lwesichuvash?

Ulwimi Lwesichuvash luthethwa ikakhulu Kwiriphabhlikhi Yaserussia, nakwimimandla Yasemari El, Etatarstan Naseudmurtia Erashiya, nasekazakhstan Naseukraine.

Yintoni imbali yechuvash language?

Ulwimi Lwesichuvash lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezili-1.5 kwirussia Federation. Nguye kuphela ilungu lesebe Le-Oghur Leelwimi Zaseturkey. Olu lwimi lwaluthethwa ngokwembali ikakhulu kwimimandla ngoku eyaziwa Njengeriphabhlikhi Yasechuvashia, ekummandla Wevolga yaserussia.
Imbali ebhaliweyo yolwimi Lwechuvash inokulandelwa emva kwinkulungwane ye-13 kunye neerekhodi zokuqala ezibhaliweyo ezifumaneka kwimibhalo-ngqangi ukusuka kwinkulungwane ye-14 neye-15. Uninzi lwale mibhalo-ngqangi lubonisa ukuba ulwimi luye lwenziwa utshintsho olukhulu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngenkulungwane ye-15, ulwimi Lwesichuvash lwaphenjelelwa kakhulu lulwimi lwesitatar olwaluselumelwaneni lwehorde Yegolide yaye lwabhalwa kwialfabhethi yakudala yesitatar.
Ngenkulungwane ye-18, i-Chuvash alphabet yadalwa ngumphengululi waserussia, Usemyon Remezov, owasekela kwi-alphabet yesicyrillic. Olu luhlu lutsha lwealfabhethi lwalusetyenziselwa ukwenza iincwadi zokuqala Eziprintiweyo Zechuvash ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, ulwimi Lwesichuvash lwabonwa njengolwimi olusemthethweni Lobukhosi baserussia kwaye eminye imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yoncwadi yaveliswa ngeli xesha.
Ulwimi Lwesichuvash luyaqhubeka nokuthethwa kule mihla kwaye lufundiswa kwezinye izikolo Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasechuvashia. Kukwakho nemizamo esebenzayo eyenziwayo yokugcina nokukhuthaza ulwimi erashiya nakwamanye amazwe.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesichuvash?

1. Umikhail Vasilevich Yakovlev-ingcali yeelwimi kunye nonjingalwazi Kwiyunivesithi Yasechuvash State Pedagogical, ophuhlise igrama yokuqala ebanzi yolwimi.
2. Uyakov Kostyukov-ingcali yeelwimi kunye nonjingalwazi Kwiyunivesithi Yasechuvash State Pedagogical, onegalelo ekuphuculeni ulwimi ngokuhlela nokupapasha imisebenzi emininzi.
3. Unikolay Ziberov - igalelo elikhulu ekuqalisweni kweskripthi sesilatini solwimi Lwechuvash.
4. Uvasily Peskov-utitshala, owadala incwadi yokuqala yesikolo solwimi Lwesichuvash ngowe-1904.
5. U-Oleg Bessonov-umntu onempembelelo ekuphuhlisweni kwechuvash yesimanje, owayesebenza ukumanyanisa iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zolwimi.

Njani ulwimi Chuvash?

Ulwimi Lwasechuvash lolwentsapho Yaseturkey yeelwimi. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, oluthetha ukuba amagama ayenziwa ngokongeza uthotho lwezimaphambili kunye nezimamva kwigama elingcambu. Umyalelo wegama ngokuqhelekileyo umxholo-isenzi-isenzi, kunye ne-free word order ngaphakathi kwezivakalisi. Izibizo zahlulwe zaba ngamadoda amabini kwaye zithathe izimamva ezisekwe kwiklasi ukubonisa inani, ityala, kunye nenkcazo. Izenzi ziyavumelana nomxholo wesivakalisi kwaye zidibanise ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha kunye nomba.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lwechuvash ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokufunda iziseko zolwimi, ezinjengoonobumba, ukubizwa kwamagama, kunye negrama esisiseko. Kukho izibonelelo ezininzi ezikwi-intanethi, ezinje Chuvash.org okanye Chuvash.eu oku kunokukunceda kule nto.
2. Sebenzisa ukurekhodwa kwesithethi somthonyama kunye nezivakalisi zesampulu ukwakha ngokukhawuleza isiseko samagama okuncokola kunye namabinzana. Mamela iinkqubo zikanomathotholo kwaye ubukele iimovie kunye neenkqubo zikamabonwakude Echuvash. Zibhaptize ngolwimi ukuze ube nokutyibilika ngakumbi kwaye ukhululeke kunye nalo.
3. Ziqhelanise noko ukufundileyo kunye nezithethi zomthonyama, nokuba ngokobuqu okanye ngeeforamu ezikwi-intanethi. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba ukhethe izinto zasekuhlaleni kwaye ufumane ukuqonda kwinkcubeko.
4. Funda iincwadi kunye namaphephandaba Echuvash ukuphucula isigama sakho kunye negrama. Okukhona ufunda, kokukhona uya kuba nokuqonda okungcono kunye negrama.
5. Okokugqibela, yongeza ukufunda kwakho ngemisebenzi efana nokubhala E-Chuvash, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiiforamu ze-chuvash kwi-intanethi kunye nokufunda iimviwo. Oku kuya kukunceda uqine ulwimi lwakho.