Usapho Isijamani Guqulela

Ulwimi Lwesitamil lulwimi Oluthethwa Ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-78 ubukhulu becala Eindiya, Esri Lanka Nasesingapore. Njengenye yeelwimi ezihlala ixesha elide emhlabeni, Itamil inembali etyebileyo, sele ithethwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-2000. Olu lwimi luye lwabunjwa ziimpembelelo ezininzi zenkcubeko ukususela ekusekweni kwalo, kuquka Amandiya, amapersi nesiarabhu.

Ngenxa yoko, Ulwimi Lwesitamil lulwimi olufanelwe yintlonelo nokwamkelwa. Ulwimi sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu; lulwimi olusemthethweni lwelizwe Laseindiya Itamil Nadu, kwaye ikwayenye yeelwimi ezisemthethweni Zasesri Lanka.

Ngenxa yokubaluleka Kwesitamil, akumangalisi ukuba amashishini amaninzi ajonge ukusebenzisa olu lwimi lukhulu. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela ngoku ziyafumaneka kwabo bafuna ukunxibelelana nabantu abathetha Isitamil. Nokuba yeyokusetyenziswa kweshishini okanye izizathu zobuqu, abantu abaninzi bafumana izibonelelo zokuba namaxwebhu abo, iiwebhusayithi, okanye ezinye izinto eziguqulelwe Ngesitamil.

Inkqubo yokuguqulela ukusuka kulwimi lomthombo ukuya Kulwimi Lwesitamil ingaba nzima kwaye ichitha ixesha. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo kufuneka baqonde kakuhle ulwimi lomthombo kunye nolwimi olujoliswe kulo, njengoko kukho ukungafani okucacileyo phakathi kwabo. Abaguquleli akufuneki baqonde igrama yolwimi lomthombo kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo luchanekile, kodwa kufuneka babe nokuqonda okunzulu kwenkcubeko kunye nemilinganiselo yolwimi Lwesitamil ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke intsingiselo yesicatshulwa idluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Abaguquleli abanamava Basetamil E-CyraCom bangaphezulu kokukwazi ukunyamekela iimfuno zakho zokuguqulela. Ukuba iminyaka yamava entsimini, baqonda ukubaluleka kokudlulisela umyalezo ngokuchanekileyo ngendlela eyinyaniso kulwimi lwenkobe. Ngokuqonda kwinqanaba leengcali kwigrama yolwimi Lwesitamil, isigama, kunye nemiba yenkcubeko, baqinisekile ukukunika eyona nguqulelo ichanekileyo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu kunokwenzeka.

Nokuba ufuna ukuguqulela uxwebhu lomntu okanye iwebhusayithi yeshishini, iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zesitamil ezinokuthenjwa zinokukunceda ufezekise iinjongo zakho. Ezi nkonzo aziboneleli ngokuchaneka kunye nokulula, kodwa zinokukunceda uvule amathuba amatsha kuwe okanye kwishishini lakho. Nxibelelana nenkonzo yokuguqulela yobungcali namhlanje ukufumana ukuba kulula kangakanani ukufumana amaxwebhu akho, iiwebhusayithi, okanye ezinye izinto eziguqulelwe Ngesitamil.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwesitamil?

Isitamil lulwimi olusemthethweni Eindiya, Esri Lanka, Esingapore Nasemalaysia. Ikwathethwa kwimimandla Yasemzantsi Afrika, Emauritius Naseunited states.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngesitamil?

Ulwimi Lwesitamil lunembali ende kwaye inembali. Kukholelwa ukuba yenye yeelwimi ezindala eziphilayo emhlabeni, kunye neerekhodi ezibuyela kwi-2 yekhulu LEMINYAKA BCE. Iphuhliswe ngokudityaniswa kweelwimi Zeproto-Dravidian kunye nesisanskrit, ezikhokelela kubuntu bayo obahlukileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ulwimi lwasasazeka Kulo Lonke Elasemzantsi Asia nakwinxalenye Ye-Southeast Asia ngexesha Le-Tamil Sangam (300BCE UKUYA KWI-300C). Ngexesha lobukoloniyali Basebritane, ulwimi lwakhula njengoko abantu babefuna ukugcina inkcubeko yabo iphila kwaye balondoloze isazisi sabo. Emva kokuba I-Indiya iphumelele inkululeko, Itamil yanikwa isikhundla esisemthethweni Kumgaqo-Siseko Wase-Indiya kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuba yenye yeelwimi ezithethwayo nezihloniphekileyo kweli lizwe namhlanje.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesitamil?

1. Thiruvalluvar 2. Subramanyam Bharathi 3. U. V. Swaminatha Iyer 4. Kuba 5. Avvaiyarname

Uluphi ulwimi Lwesitamil?

Isitamil lulwimi oludala kakhulu, kwaye ubume bayo bubonisa oku. I-agglutinative ulwimi-oko kuthetha ukuba amagama akhiwa ngokudibanisa iiyunithi ezincinci zentsingiselo. I-Tamil nayo inomyalelo Wesifundo Sesenzi, kunye nenkqubo etyebileyo ye-morphology yegama kunye nomlomo. Lulwimi oludityanisiweyo - oko kuthetha ukuba endaweni yokuxhomekeka kumyalelo wegama kunye neziphakamiso ukubonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwamagama, I-Tamil ixhomekeke ekongezeni izimaphambili, izimamva, kunye ne-infixes ukuguqula amagama kunye nokubonisa umsebenzi wabo kwisivakalisi. Oku kuthetha ukuba igama elifanayo linokuba neentsingiselo ezininzi okanye lisebenzise nje ngokutshintsha i-affix okanye i-infix.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwesitamil ngendlela echanekileyo?

1) Mamela iincoko Zesitamil: Qala ngokumamela iincoko Zesitamil kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uqhelane nolwimi kwaye uqonde indlela amagama abizwa ngayo.
2) Bukela Iimovie KUNYE Nemiboniso YETV: Ukubukela iimovie Zesitamil kunye nemiboniso YETV yindlela entle yokufunda ulwimi ngokwendalo. Nika ingqalelo kwiingxoxo kwaye uzame ukuthabatha igrama kunye nesigama.
3) Funda iincwadi: Ukufunda iincwadi Ngesitamil kunokunceda ukuphucula ukuqonda kwakho ulwimi. Khangela iincwadi ezikwinqanaba lakho kwaye ubonelele ngemithambo okanye iinguqulelo.
4) Thatha iiklasi: Ukuthatha iiklasi yindlela enhle yokufunda ulwimi ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Jonga iikhosi ezinikezelwa ziiyunivesithi zendawo okanye izikolo zolwimi ezikwi-intanethi.
5) Sebenzisa tamil tutors: Ukusebenza nabahlohli Tamil okanye abacebisi yindlela esebenzayo yokuphucula ngokukhawuleza izakhono zakho zolwimi. Fumana abahlohli abakwi-intanethi abanokukunika ingxelo rhoqo kunye neengcebiso.
6) Ukuziqhelanisa nokuthetha: eyona ndlela yokufunda ulwimi kukuziqhelanisa nokuthetha rhoqo. Fumana amathuba okuthetha nezithethi zomthonyama Zesitamil okanye usebenzise usetyenziso lokutshintsha ulwimi.

Ukuba ufuna indlela yokunxibelelana nabathengi bamanye amazwe, okanye ukuba ufuna uncedo ekuguquleleni uxwebhu olubalulekileyo ukusuka kwisijamani ukuya kwisingesi, iinkonzo zokuguqulela isijamani zinokunceda. Isijamani yindlela ebalulekileyo ulwimi Kwi-Yurophu, zombini kuba ushishino kwaye personal unxibelelwano. Kuthethwa zizigidi zabantu Ejamani, Eostriya, Eswitzerland Naseluxembourg, nakwezinye iindawo zasebelgium, Eitali, Efransi nakwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yoko, iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasejamani zifunwa kakhulu.

Xa kuziwa kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela zesijamani, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Okokuqala, kufuneka uthathe isigqibo malunga nenjongo yokuguqulela kwaye ukhethe umboneleli wenkonzo yokuguqulela. Umzekelo, uxwebhu olusemthethweni luya kufuna uhlobo olwahlukileyo lokuguqulela kunephepha lasekhaya kwiwebhusayithi. Umguquleli oguqulelayo kufuneka abe nakho ukubonelela abaguquleli abanamava kuhlobo oluthile lokuguqulela olifunayo. Kukwabalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kokuguqulelwa kunye nokufumaneka kwendawo. Inguqulelo ibandakanya ukudlulisela ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yombhalo ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye, ngelixa ulwakhiwo lwasekhaya luthathela ingqalelo umahluko wengingqi kunye nenkcubeko onokuthi uhambelane noguqulelo.

Xa ukhetha umguquleli wasejamani, kubalulekile ukuba ukhangele umntu onamava okuguqulela amaxwebhu ukusuka kwisijamani ukuya kwisingesi. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela ngobuchule kufuneka zibandakanye ukuhlolwa okusisiseko kunye nokuhlelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxwebhu oluguqulelweyo luchanekile, lucacile, kwaye luhambelana nomthombo wokuqala. Xa ukhetha umboneleli wenkonzo yokuguqulela, kubalulekile ukujonga izingqinisiso kunye neziqinisekiso, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umguquleli uqhelene neelwimi zesijamani kunye ne-colloquialisms.

Xa kuziwa ekuguquleleni amaxwebhu asejamani, kubalulekile ukuba unikele ingqalelo kuzo naziphi na iimfuno zokufomatha. Ukuba uxwebhu lubandakanya ukufomatha okukhethekileyo, njengetafile kunye noluhlu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba zifomathiwe ngokufanelekileyo kwinguqulelo. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi luboniswa ngokucacileyo nangokusemthethweni kwinguqulelo eguqulelweyo.

Ngokuthatha ixesha lokukhetha iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasejamani, amashishini angaqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu abo aguqulelwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye aphephe iimpazamo ezibizayo. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo abanamava kwi-German-English translation banokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxwebhu aguqulelwe ngokucacileyo nangokuchanekileyo, ekuncedeni ukuququzelela unxibelelwano olusebenzayo kunye nabathengi bamanye amazwe kunye namaqabane.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isijamani?

Isijamani lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasejamani, Iaustria, Iswitzerland, Iliechtenstein, Iluxembourg, Nomzantsi Tyrol Eitali. Ikwayilwimi lwaseburhulumenteni Ebelgium (Kwingingqi Yeflemish), Kumantla Erhine-Westphalia, nakwezinye iindawo zasejamani. Isijamani sikwathethwa kwimimandla Yasempuma Yurophu, njengealsace Nelorraine Efransi, amaphondo athile Asepoland, Emzantsi Jutland Edenmark, Esilesia Kwiriphabliki yaseczech, neminye imimandla yomda Enetherlands Nasehungary. Ukongezelela, isijamani lulwimi oluthethwa ngabantu abambalwa kwiindawo Ezithile Eitali, Eromania, Ekazakhstan Nasenamibia.

Yintoni imbali yesijamani?

Ulwimi lwasejamani luyinxalenye Yentsapho Ye-Indo-European kwaye yenye yeelwimi ezindala Eyurophu. Kukholelwa ukuba ivela Kwiproto-Germanic, ulwimi lwakudala oluthethwa ngabantu Basejamani Basenyakatho Yurophu. Ngenkulungwane yesi-2 AD, yayisele ikhule yaba ziilwimi ezahlukeneyo, ezaqhubeka nokuvela ukutyhubela iinkulungwane.
Ngenkulungwane ye-9, izizwe Zasejamani zazimanyene phantsi Kwecharlemagne kwaye ulwimi lwazo lwaqala ukubonakala njengendlela eqhelekileyo yokunxibelelana. Kwinkulungwane ye-11th, iintlobo ezimbini Endala High German kwavela njengolwimi oluphambili uncwadi, uncwadi, nenkcubeko; Eliphakathi Eliphezulu German kwimimandla ephezulu Irhine Kunye Upper Saxony, Kunye Upper German Ebavaria Naseostriya.
Ngenkulungwane ye-14, ukuveliswa kokushicilela nokunyuka komatshini wokushicilela kwanceda ekumiseleni umgangatho wolwimi kwaza kwakhokelela ekupapashweni kwemisebenzi efana "Nomthetho Kagrimm," owamisela imithetho yokubhala nokuthetha ulwimi.
Ngexesha lokuhlola nokukhanyisa, ukuphuhliswa kwesijamani sanamhlanje kwaqala ngokuqaliswa kwesigama esitsha kunye negrama elula. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, ulwimi lwesijamani lwahlanganiswa, kunye Nolwimi Oluphakathi Noluphezulu lwesijamani lube lulwimi olusemthethweni lwelizwe. Ulwimi luyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa kwaye luguquke namhlanje kwaye lolunye lweelwimi ezithethwa kakhulu kwihlabathi.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasejamani?

1. Umartin Luther (1483-1546): Umartin Luther wayenoxanduva lokudala isiseko solwimi lwangoku lwesijamani ngokuguqulela Ibhayibhile kwisijamani kunye nokuphuhlisa uhlobo olutsha lokubhala olusebenzisa iziyelelane ezimbini eziphambili zasejamani ngelo xesha: Ijamani Ephezulu Kunye Ne-Lower Saxon. Impembelelo yakhe isavakalelwa namhlanje kulwakhiwo kunye nopelo lolwimi lwasejamani.
2. Ujohann Wolfgang Von Goethe (1749-1832): Ugoethe wayeyimbongi edumileyo, umbhali wokudlala, kunye nomlobi wenoveli owayesebenza ukumanyanisa iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zesijamani kulwimi olunye olumiselweyo. Waqulunqa amagama amaninzi asejamani afana ne" schadenfreude", "weltschmerz", kunye ne "landsknecht". Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imisebenzi yakhe isafundwa zizithethi zasejamani kwihlabathi liphela.
3. Uheinrich Himmler (1900-1945): Uhimmler wayeligosa Elinempembelelo Yamanazi elalinegalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasejamani. Wayedume ngokuqulunqa amagama amatsha kunye nokunika abantu abadala iintsingiselo ezintsha ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihambelana neengcamango Zamanazi, ngaloo ndlela ziqinisekisa ukuba ziya kuhlala ixesha elide nangemva kokuwa kolawulo.
4. U-Ulrich Ammon (1937-2006): U-Ammon wayengumlimi ofunda ukuphuhliswa kolwimi lwasejamani ngokuhamba kwexesha. Wabhala iincwadi zegrama kunye neencwadi zezifundo, wasungula umbutho Wedeutsche Sprache e. V, kwaye wakhonza njengomongameli Wombutho Wophando Lwezenzululwazi Kunye Namaxwebhu Olwimi lwasejamani ukusuka ngo-1982-2006.
5. Fritz (Frederic) Kempe (1945-): Kempe yi ulwimi isijamani othe wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo ulwimi isijamani, ingakumbi ngokwemiqathango syntax. Wabhala iincwadi ezininzi kwi-syntax yesijamani kwaye iingcamango zakhe ziye zaba nefuthe elikhulu kwindlela ulwimi lwesijamani olufundiswa ngayo ezikolweni.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi German?

Ulwimi lwesijamani lunokuchazwa njengolwimi oluqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isebenzisa izinto zombini zeelwimi zokuhlalutya kunye nezenziweyo, ezibangela ukuhlanganiswa kwayo, ubuninzi kunye nokuchasana okwenziwa ngokudibanisa iinxalenye ezininzi zamagama. Ukongeza, isijamani sinamatyala amane aphambili (ukutyunjwa, ukutyholwa, i-dative, kunye ne-genitive), kwaye izenzi zidibaniswa ngokomntu, inombolo, kunye nomoya.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasejamani ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Zifake Ngokwakho: eyona ndlela ukufunda isijamani kukuba immerse ngokwakho kuyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Yenza umzamo wokunxibelelana ngesijamani nabantu, ubukele umabonwakude wasejamani kunye neefilimu, kwaye umamele unomathotholo wasejamani. Chitha ixesha kunye nezithethi zomthonyama zasejamani kwaye uzibandakanye neengxoxo kunye nabo ngesijamani.
2. Fumana Incwadi Elungileyo yesijamani: incwadi elungileyo yesikhokelo inokukunceda ngegrama kunye nesigama, kwaye inokukunika imithambo yokuziqhelanisa nezinto ozifundayo.
3. Sebenzisa Indlela Yakho Yokubiza: ukubizwa kwamagama kungundoqo ekuqondeni. Njengoko ufunda amagama amatsha kunye namabinzana, qiniseka ukuba uqhelisela ukubiza kwakho de uzive uqinisekile ngayo.
4. Sebenzisa Izixhobo Ezikwi-Intanethi: zininzi izixhobo ezikwi-intanethi zokukunceda ufunde isijamani. Khangela iiwebhusayithi kunye neeapps ezibonelela ngemithambo esebenzisanayo, ukurekhodwa kweaudiyo yezithethi zomthonyama zasejamani, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukunceda ufunde kwaye uziqhelanise.
5. Sebenzisa Itekhnoloji: kukho zonke iintlobo zeapps, iipodcasts, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezisekwe kubuchwephesha ukukunceda uphucule izakhono zakho zolwimi. Zama ukusebenzisa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi rhoqo, ukuze izifundo zakho zolwimi ziqinise iteknoloji.
6. Joyina Inkqubo Yokutshintshiselana Ngolwimi: iinkqubo zokutshintshiselana Ngeelwimi ngamathuba amahle okuziqhelanisa nokuthetha nezithethi zasejamani zomthonyama kunye nokuphucula ukubiza kwakho.