Chuvash Khmer Humusha

Ukuhumusha kwesichuvash, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhumusha Kwesichuvash, kuyindlela ekhethekile yokuhumusha esetshenziselwa ukuxhumana ngolimi Lwesichuvash. Lolu limi luvela kubantu Abangamachuvash, abahlala ezingxenyeni ezithile Zaserussia nase-Ukraine. Ingolunye lwezilimi Zamaturkic futhi inezikhulumi ezingaphezu kwesigidi, okwenza kube ulimi olubalulekile ukuhumushela kulo.

Ukuze uhumushe kahle Kusuka Noma uye Olimini Lwesichuvash, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhumusha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlamvu Zamagama Zesichuvash zihlukile ezinhlamvwini zesilatini, ezisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izilimi Zaseyurophu. Ngenxa yalokho, amagama aqukethe izinhlamvu Zesicyrillic ezifana No-A, П, С, Records kumelwe aguqulwe abe amagama afanayo esilatini ukuze aqondwe umfundi.

Inqubo yokuhumushela Olimini Lwesichuvash ihilela izinyathelo eziningana. Okokuqala, umhumushi kudingeka abe nokuqonda okukhulu kokubili izilimi eziwumthombo neziqondisiwe. Kumelwe baqonde ukwakheka kwemisho, incazelo, nokubizwa kolimi oluwumthombo. Khona-ke kumelwe bakwazi ukudlulisela lokhu ngendlela efanele olimini okuhloswe ngalo, becabangela imithetho yohlelo lolimi nesakhiwo semisho yolimi okuhloswe ngalo.

Lapho izinguqulo seziqediwe, umhumushi kumelwe aqhathanise ngokucophelela umbhalo wokuqala nenguqulo ehunyushiwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhumusha kunembile futhi kudlulisela umyalezo ohlosiwe ngendlela efanele. Futhi kuwumthwalo womhumushi ukwenza ukuhlola okwengeziwe ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkomba zamasiko namagama esipelingi ahunyushwa ngokunembile.

Kulabo abafuna ukufunda Isichuvash, kunezifundo ezihlukahlukene ezitholakala kuyi-internet nasemanyuvesi. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukufunda ulimi ngeke kunikeze ukuqonda okuphelele kokuhunyushwa Kwesichuvash. Ukuyinkimbinkimbi kokuhumusha kungenziwa kuphela ngeminyaka yokusebenza nokuzinikela.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhumusha Isichuvash kuyikhono elibalulekile lokulawula uma ufisa ukuxhumana nabantu basechuvash. Ngendlela efanele nolwazi, kungaba okuhlangenwe nakho okudla isikhathi kodwa okuzuzisayo.

Yiluphi ulimi Lwesichuvash olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi Lwesichuvash lukhulunywa kakhulu Eriphabhuliki Yasechuvash Yaserussia, kanye nasezingxenyeni Zasemari El, Etatarstan nase-Udmurtia Erussia, Nasekazakhstan nase-Ukraine.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesichuvash?

Ulimi Lwesichuvash luwulimi Lwesiturkic olukhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-1,5 erussia. Yilona kuphela ilungu elisindile legatsha Lama-Oghur lezilimi Zamaturkic. Ulimi lwalukhulunywa kakhulu ezindaweni manje ezaziwa Ngokuthi Yiriphabhulikhi Yasechuvashia, etholakala esifundeni Sasevolga Erussia.
Umlando obhaliwe wolimi Lwesichuvash ungahle uhlehlele emuva ekhulwini le-13 kanti imibhalo yokuqala ebhaliwe itholakala emibhalweni yesandla kusukela ngekhulu le-14 nele-15. Eziningi zalezi zincwadi zembula ukuthi ulimi luye lwashintsha kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekhulwini le-15, ulimi Lwesichuvash lwaluthonywe kakhulu ulimi lwesitatar oluzungezile lwegolden horde futhi lwalubhalwe ngezinhlamvu zamagama zesitatar esidala.
Ekhulwini le-18, izinhlamvu Zamagama Zesichuvash zadalwa isazi saserussia, Usemyon remezov, esazisekela ezinhlamvwini Zamagama Zesicyrillic. Lolu alu lwezinhlamvu olusha lwasetshenziselwa ukudala izincwadi zokuqala ezinyathelisiwe Zesichuvash ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, ulimi Lwesichuvash lwaqashelwa njengolimi olusemthethweni Lombuso waserussia futhi kwenziwa eminye imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezincwadi ngalesi sikhathi.
Ulimi Lwesichuvash luyaqhubeka lukhulunywa namuhla futhi lufundiswa nakwezinye izikole Eriphabhuliki Yasechuvashia. Kukhona nemizamo esebenzayo yokulondoloza nokukhuthaza lolu limi Erussia nakwamanye amazwe.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesichuvash?

1. Umikhail vasilevich yakovlev isazi sezilimi noprofesa Echuvash State Pedagogical University, owasungula uhlelo lolimi lokuqala oluphelele lolimi.
2. Uyakov Kostyukov-isazi sezilimi noprofesa Echuvash State Pedagogical University, owaba nesandla ekuthuthukiseni ulimi ngokuhlela nokushicilela imisebenzi eminingi.
3. Unikolay Ziberov-umsizi omkhulu ekungenisweni kwezinhlamvu zesilatini zolimi Lwesichuvash.
4. Uvasily peskov-uthisha, owasungula incwadi yokuqala yesikole yolimi Lwesichuvash ngo-1904.
5. U – Oleg bessonov-umuntu onethonya ekuthuthukiseni I-standard chuvash yanamuhla, owasebenza ukuhlanganisa izilimi ezahlukene zolimi.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesichuvash sinjani?

Ulimi Lwesichuvash lungolwemindeni yezilimi zamaturkic. Luwulimi oluhlanganisa amagama, okusho ukuthi amagama akhiwa ngokungeza uchungechunge lwezijobelelo nezijobelelo egameni eliyisisekelo. Ukuhleleka kwamagama ngokuvamile kuyisihloko-into-isenzo, ngokuhleleka kwamagama okukhululekile ngaphakathi kwemisho. Amagama ahlukaniswe aba ubulili obubili futhi athatha izijobelelo ezisekelwe ekilasini ukuze abonise inombolo, icala, nokucaciswa. Izenzo ziyavumelana nesihloko somusho nesihlanganisi kuye ngokuthi isikhathi nesici.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Chuvash ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngokufunda izisekelo zolimi, njengohlelo lolimi, indlela yokubiza amagama, nohlelo lolimi oluyisisekelo. Kukhona ezinye izinsiza ezinkulu ezitholakala ku-inthanethi, njenge Chuvash.org noma Chuvash.eu lokho kungakusiza ngalokhu.
2. Sebenzisa ukuqoshwa komsindo kwezikhulumi zomdabu nemisho eyisampula ukuze wakhe ngokushesha isisekelo samagama nemishwana engxoxweni. Lalela izinhlelo zomsakazo futhi ubuke amabhayisikobho nezinhlelo zethelevishini Chuvash. Gxila olimini ukuze ukhulume kahle futhi ukhululeke kakhudlwana ngalo.
3. Prakthiza lokho okufundile nge izikhulumi bomdabu, kungaba mathupha noma ngokusebenzisa izinkundla online. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba uthole ama-nuances endawo futhi uthole ukuqonda ngamasiko.
4. Funda izincwadi namaphephandaba Chuvash ukuthuthukisa silulumagama yakho kanye nohlelo lolimi. Lapho ufunda okwengeziwe, kulapho ukuqonda kwakho nohlelo lolimi kuyoba ngcono khona.
5. Ekugcineni, ukwengeza ukufunda kwakho ngemisebenzi efana ukubhala Chuvash, iqhaza chuvash izinkundla online futhi ukutadisha izivivinyo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba uqinise ukubamba kwakho ulimi.

Isikhmer siwulimi olusemthethweni Ecambodia futhi sikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-16 emhlabeni wonke. Lolu limi lungolwemindeni Yezilimi Zase-Austroasiatic, ezihlanganisa Izilimi Zasevietnam Nezasemon-Khmer ezifana Nesikhmer Nesimon. Isikhmer sihlukile ikakhulukazi ezihlotsheni zaso Eningizimu-Mpumalanga Ye-Asia ngenxa yesimiso saso sokubhala. Umbhalo Wesikhmer, owaziwa ngokuthi "Khmer Rouge" ngenxa yokuhlobana kwawo ngokomlando neqembu elibusayo Lamakhomanisi phakathi Nempi yombango Yasecambodia, usebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu zamakhonsonanti nezimpawu zokubhala ezinama-syllabic.

Naphezu kwezimpawu zayo zokubhala, isimiso sokubhala Samakhmer silula ukusifunda uma siqhathaniswa nezinye izilimi zasempumalanga Asia. Izinhlamvu zihlelwe ngendlela ehlelekile, okwenza kube lula ukuzifunda. Lokhu kusiza ekwenzeni ukuhumusha Isikhmer kube lula kunokuhumusha okuhilela ezinye izilimi.

Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesikhmer ziya ngokuya zifunwa ngenxa yokwanda kwezokuvakasha namathuba ebhizinisi Ecambodia. Ngenxa yalokho, kuye kwavela izinkampani eziningi zokuhumusha ukuze zisize ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kwesingisi Nesikhmer.

Lapho ukhetha inkampani yokuhumusha Yesikhmer, kubalulekile ukucabangela okuhlangenwe nakho komhumushi nolwazi lwakhe lolimi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhumushi ujwayelene nesiko futhi ugcizelela ama-nuances athile olimini okungenzeka ukuthi anganakwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkampani yokuhumusha inikeza izinguqulo ezinembile nezifike ngesikhathi. Lokhu kungenza umehluko lapho uxhumana namabhizinisi noma abantu Ecambodia. Ukunemba kuyisihluthulelo semibhalo yebhizinisi nezivumelwano, ngakho kukhokhela ukutshala imali kubahumushi abathembekile Abangamakhmer.

Ekugcineni, kubalulekile ukuthola inkampani yokuhumusha enikeza amanani okuncintisana. Njengoba izinkampani eziningi kangaka zinikeza izinsizakalo Zokuhumusha Ngesikhmer, ikhokha ukuze ithenge futhi iqhathanise amanani ukuze ithole isivumelwano esihle kakhulu.

Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesikhmer zingaba usizo olukhulu kubantu ngabanye nakumabhizinisi afuna ukwenza ibhizinisi Ecambodia. Ngomhumushi ofanele, bangaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana kwabo kunembile futhi kufanelekile ngokwenkolo. Ngakho unganqikazi ukubheka Khmer translation services uma une isidingo kubo.

Yimaphi amazwe Akhulunywa Ngolimi Lwesikhmer?

Ulimi Lwesikhmer lukhulunywa Kakhulu Ecambodia. Kukhulunywa Nasevietnam Nasethailand, phakathi kwamanye amazwe.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesikhmer?

Ulimi Lwesikhmer luwulimi lwase-Austroasiatic olukhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-16 Ecambodia, Evietnam, Ethailand Nasefrance. Luwulimi olusemthethweni Ecambodia futhi belusetshenziswa kule ndawo kusukela ngekhulu lokuqala A. D..
Imibhalo yokuqala eyaziwayo Ngesikhmer iqala ngekhulu lesi-7 a. d., kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi lolu limi lwalukhona isikhathi eside kunalokho. Emakhulwini eminyaka ngaphambi kwekhulu lesi-7, Umbuso Wamakhmer wawubuswa abantu Abakhuluma isisanskrit Endiya. Ngekhulu lesi-8, ulimi Lwesikhmer lwaqala ukuvela njengesilimi esihlukile.
Ulimi Lwesikhmer nalo lwaluthonywe kakhulu ulimi Lwesipali, olwaluthathwe Eningizimu India ngekhulu lesi-9 yizithunywa zevangeli Zamabuddha Zasendiya. Ithonya Lesipali nesisanskrit, elihlanganiswe nolimi lwendabuko lwase-Austroasiatic lwalesi sifunda, lazala Isikhmer sanamuhla.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, Isikhmer siye sathandwa kakhulu futhi manje siwulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu Ecambodia. Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezisemthethweni Zenhlangano yezizwe Zaseningizimu-Mpumalanga Asia (ASEAN).

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesikhmer?

1. Upreah Ang Eng (wekhulu le-17): umuntu obalulekile emlandweni wolimi Lwesikhmer, Upreah Ang Eng wabhala imisebenzi eminingana eyasiza ekulondolozeni nasekukhuthazeni ulimi. Uhlonishwa ngokusungula umshini wokuqala Wokunyathelisa Eningizimu-Mpumalanga Ye-Asia kanye nokwethula inguqulo ebhaliwe yolimi Lwesikhmer.
2. Uchey Chankirirom (ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19): Uchey chankirirom uthathwa njengomunye wabantu ababaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kolimi lwesikhmer lwanamuhla. Wasungula indlela yokubhala esekelwe embhalweni wesidevanagari osasetshenziswa nanamuhla futhi wayenesibopho sokwenza ukupela amagama nohlelo lolimi kube yinto evamile.
3. Uthong hy (ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20): Uthong hy waziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe omusha ekuthuthukiseni Isichazamazwi Sesikhmer. Isichazamazwi sakhe sanyatheliswa ngo-1923 futhi sisasetshenziswa kabanzi njengethuluzi lokubhekisela olimini Lwesikhmer.
4. Uvenerable chuon nath (wekhulu lama-20): umbhishobhi Wasewat botum Vaddey, Uvenerable chuon nath uhlonishwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe wokulondoloza nokukhuthaza ulimi Lwesikhmer. Wayengomunye wabantu bokuqala ukuhlanganyela izimfundiso Zobubuddha Ngesikhmer futhi uvame ukuhlonishwa ngokusiza ekulondolozeni isiko lamakhmer.
5. Uhuy Kanthoul (wekhulu lama-21): Omunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu olimini Lwesikhmer namuhla, Uhuy Kanthoul unguprofesa nesazi sezilimi esisebenze ngokungakhathali ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwesikhmer kwezemfundo. Uye wasungula izincwadi eziningana zolimi Lwesikhmer futhi ungummeli oqinile wamalungelo olimi Lwesikhmer.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesikhmer sinjani?

Ulimi Lwesikhmer luwulimi lwase-Austroasiatic, oluphakathi komndeni omncane wamamonkhmer. Luwulimi lokuhlaziya olunohlelo lwamagama oluhlobene nesenzo nesenzo futhi lusebenzisa izijobelelo esikhundleni sezijobelelo. Inesimiso esicebile sezijobelelo, kuhlanganise nezijobelelo ezihlukahlukene, izijobelelo, nezijobelelo. Amagama Its abhalwe ngenombolo futhi izenzi zawo zibhalwe ngomuntu, inombolo, isici, izwi nesimo sengqondo. Futhi inohlelo lwamathoni olunamathoni amahlanu, asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izincazelo ezihlukahlukene.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Khmer ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngokufunda zamagama: Khmer kulotshiwe usebenzisa umbhalo abugida ngokuthi Aksar Khmer, ngakho kubalulekile ukuqala ngokujwayelana ngokwakho izinhlamvu kanye nezindlela zabo ezihlukahlukene. Ungathola izinsiza online ukukusiza ufunde zamagama.
2. Master silulumagama eziyisisekelo: Uma ujwayelene zamagama, uqale ukusebenza ekufundeni amagama ayisisekelo nemishwana Khmer. Ungasebenzisa izichazamazwi online, izincwadi zokufunda, kanye zokusebenza ukubheka up amazwi kanye practice pronunciation.
3. Thatha ikilasi: Uma ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi ufunda ulimi ngendlela efanele, bhalisela ikilasi lolimi Lwesikhmer esikoleni noma eyunivesithi yendawo. Ukuthatha ikilasi kuzokunika ithuba lokubuza imibuzo nokuzijwayeza nomfundisi.
4. Lalela izikhulumi zomdabu: ukuze ujwayelane ngempela nendlela Khmer kukhulunywa, zama ukuchitha isikhathi esithile ukulalela izikhulumi zomdabu. Ungabuka imibukiso yethelevishini noma amabhayisikobho Ngesikhmer, ulalele ama-podcast, noma uthole izingoma ngolimi.
5. Prakthiza ukubhala nokukhuluma: Uma une ukuqonda eziyisisekelo ulimi, uqale ukuprakthiza ukubhala nokukhuluma Khmer. In ukufunda ngolimi bese uzama ukuba nezingxoxo nezikhulumi zomdabu. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukwakha ukuzethemba nokuthuthukisa amakhono akho.