Amahebhere Macedonian Guqulela

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje Kuye Kwanda Imfuneko Yabaguquleli besihebhere

Imfuno yenguqulelo yesihebhere iya isanda, njengoko amashishini amaninzi ngakumbi efuna iinkonzo ukuvala umqobo wolwimi phakathi kwabo kunye nemibutho yamaqabane aphesheya kolwandle. Kwixesha elidluleyo, oku kwakupheleliselwe ekuguqulelweni kweendinyana zonqulo, kodwa ihlabathi lanamhlanje liye landa kakhulu kunxibelelwano lwenkcubeko, olukhokelela kwimfuno engakumbi yabaguquleli besihebhere.

Njengolunye lweelwimi ezindala emhlabeni, isihebhere siyintsonkothile kwaye sibhetyebhetye kakhulu. Ikwayilwimi lwaseburhulumenteni Lakwasirayeli, isenza ukuba kubaluleke ngakumbi kumashishini ehlabathi ukuba akwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela zesihebhere ezinokuthenjwa. Ngezithethi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezili-9 kwihlabathi liphela, akukho kunqongophala kwabathengi abanokufuna uncedo lokuguqulela amaxwebhu abo, iiwebhusayithi, ii-apps, okanye ii-imeyile ukusuka okanye ukuya kwisihebhere.

Noko ke, ngenxa yokuntsonkotha kwayo, inguqulelo yesihebhere inokuba ngumsebenzi onzima. Umguquleli akafanele aphelele nje ngokutyibilikayo kulwimi lwakhe kuphela, kodwa umele azazi izinto ezifihlakeleyo neziyeleleneyo ezisetyenziswa ziinkcubeko nemimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, igrama yesihebhere yahluke kakhulu kwisingesi, ke umguquleli kufuneka aqhelane nazo zombini ukuze adlulisele ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yombhalo wantlandlolo.

Ngethamsanqa, abaguquleli besihebhere abanamava bafumaneka ehlabathini lonke. Nokuba ufuna umguquleli ozinikeleyo ukuba ancede kwiinkqubo zakho zeshishini zamanye amazwe, okanye umntu oza kukunceda ngenguqulelo yoxwebhu lwexesha elinye, unokufumana ingcali efanelekileyo enokukunceda.

Ukusuka kwezomthetho nezonyango ukusa kwezezimali nakwezamasiko, ubuchule bokuguqulela isihebhere bunokuvulela amathuba amaninzi anengeniso. Njengoko imfuno yeenkonzo zokuguqulela iqhubeka ikhula, ngokunjalo nemfuno yabaguquleli abasemgangathweni kule nkalo. Iingcali ezinamava ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kufumana umsebenzi omninzi, ngelixa abo batsha ekuguquleleni banokuzuza kwimfuno ekhulayo ngokwandisa ubuchule babo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isihebhere?

Isihebhere sithethwa Kwasirayeli, eunited States, Ekhanada, Efransi Naseargentina. Ukongeza, isetyenziselwa iinjongo zonqulo kwamanye amazwe amaninzi, kubandakanya I-United Kingdom, Ijamani, Isweden Nebulgaria.

Iyintoni imbali yesihebhere?

Ulwimi lwesihebhere lunembali yamandulo kunye nebali. Yenye yeelwimi ezindala emhlabeni kwaye iyinxalenye yesazisi kunye nenkcubeko Yamayuda. Kukholelwa ukuba uhlobo lokuqala lwesihebhere lwaphuhliswa kwindawo Yasepalestina ngekhulu le-12 BCE. Isihebhere sasilulwimi oluphambili Lwamasirayeli ebudeni bexesha Lokubhalwa Kwebhayibhile, yaye kamva saba lulwimi loncwadi Loorabhi nomthandazo.
Ngexesha lokuthinjwa Kwamabhabhiloni ukususela ngo-586-538 BCE, Amayuda amkela iimali-mboleko Ze-Akkadian. Emva kokuwa Kwetempile yesibini ngo-70 CE, isihebhere saqala ukuhla ngokukhawuleza ekusebenziseni kwansuku zonke, kwaye ulwimi oluthethwayo luye lwaguquka ngokuthe ngcembe kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo, Ezifana Nesiyuda Sasepalestina Aramaic Kunye Neyiddish. Ukusetyenziswa kwesihebhere kwavuselelwa ngenkulungwane ye-19 ngokuzalwa kwengcamango Yeziyon kunye nokusekwa Kwelizwe lakwasirayeli lanamhlanje ngo-1948. Namhlanje, isihebhere sithetha ngezigidi zabantu Kwasirayeli nakwihlabathi liphela.

Ngoobani abantu aba-5 abaphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesihebhere?

1. U-Eliezer Ben-Yehuda (1858-1922): Owaziwa ngokuba "Nguyise Wesihebhere samanje," Uben-Yehuda waba negalelo ekuvuseleleni ulwimi lwesihebhere, olwaluphelile njengolwimi oluthethwayo. Wadala isichazi-magama sokuqala sesihebhere, waqulunqa inkqubo yokupela kunye neencwadi ezininzi zokunceda ukusasaza ulwazi lolwimi.
2. Umoses Mendelssohn (1729-1786): Umyuda wasejamani ochazwa ngokwazisa isihebhere kunye nenkcubeko Yamayuda kubantu abathetha isijamani ngokubanzi. Ukuguqulelwa Kwakhe Kwetorah ukusuka kwisihebhere ukusa kwisijamani kwazisa le nguqulelo kubaphulaphuli abaninzi kwaza kwakhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwesihebhere Eyurophu.
3. U-Hayim Nachman Bialik (1873-1934): imbongi engumsirayeli kunye nomphengululi, Ubialik wayengumxhasi omkhulu wesihebhere kunye nokudala isithethe esityebileyo soncwadi lwesihebhere. Wabhala imisebenzi emininzi yeklasikhi kulwimi kwaye wazisa amagama amatsha esihebhere kunye namabinzana aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa namhlanje.
4. Uezra Ben-Yehuda (1858-1922): Unyana Kaeliyezere, lo mbhali wolwimi nombhali wesichazi-magama wathabatha umsebenzi kayise waza waqhubeka nawo. Wadala ithesaurus yokuqala yesihebhere, wabhala ngokubanzi ngegrama yesihebhere, kwaye wabhala ngokubambisana iphephandaba lokuqala lesihebhere.
5. Uchaim Nachman Bialik (1873-1934): Umntakwabo Hayim, Uchaim naye waba negalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesihebhere. Wayengumhlalutyi woncwadi owaziwayo, egxeka uncwadi lwesihebhere yaye ephuhlisa ilayibrari yembekiselo yesihebhere. Kwakhona wayenoxanduva lokuguqulela imisebenzi yeklasikhi ukusuka kwiilwimi Zaseyurophu ukuya kwisihebhere.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwesihebhere?

Ulwimi lwesihebhere lulwimi Lwamasemitic kwaye lulandela inkqubo yokubhala ye-abjad. Kubhaliwe ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo, kusetyenziswa oonobumba besihebhere. Igama elisisiseko lesivakalisi sesihebhere sisenzi-isihloko-into. Izibizo, izichazi, izibhengezo, kunye nezihlomelo zichaphazeleka ngenxa yesini, inombolo, kunye/okanye ilifa. Izenzi zidibaniswa nomntu, inombolo, isini, uxinzelelo, imood kunye nomba.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwesihebhere ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngealfabhethi. Zive ukhululekile ukufunda, ukubhala nokubhala iileta. 2. Funda iziseko zegrama yesihebhere. Qala ngokudibanisa izenzi kunye nokuhla kwesibizo. 3. Yakha isigama sakho. Funda amagama asisiseko afana neentsuku zeveki, iinyanga, amanani, amabinzana aqhelekileyo kunye namabinzana. 4. Ziqhelise ukuthetha isihebhere nesithethi somthonyama. Ukuncokola yenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokufunda! 5. Funda iincwadi zesihebhere uze ubukele iividiyo zesihebhere ezinemibhalo engezantsi. 6. Mamela umculo wesihebhere kunye nokurekhodwa komsindo. 7. Sebenzisa izibonelelo zesihebhere ezikwi-intanethi. Zininzi iiwebhusayithi eziluncedo kunye neeapps zokufunda isihebhere. 8. Yenza isihebhere sibe yinxalenye yobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Ukubandakanya ulwimi kwimihla ngemihla kuya kukunceda ukuba uluthathe ngokukhawuleza.

Inguqulelo yasemacedonia yinkonzo eyimfuneko eqeshiweyo xa ujonge ukunxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo ngolwimi lwasemacedonia. Ulwimi Lweslavic, oluthethwa kakhulu Emantla Emakedoni kwaye lolunye lweelwimi ezisemthethweni zelizwe. Abantu bahlala befuna iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasemacedonia xa befuna ukunxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nangempumelelo nabathengi, oogxa, okanye amaqabane oshishino ngolwimi.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasemacedonia zinikezelwa ziinkampani ezininzi zokuguqulela ezijolise ekuguquleleni amaxwebhu, iiwebhusayithi, kunye nezinye izinto kwisimacedonia. Abaguquleli abaziingcali banokuguqulela zonke iintlobo zamaxwebhu, kubandakanya amaxwebhu asemthethweni nawemali, ukuthengisa okanye izinto zeshishini, amaxwebhu obuchwephesha kunye nokunye. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zinokudala umxholo wendawo kubaphulaphuli abathetha imacedonia. Xa kuziwa ekuhlaleni kwewebhusayithi, abaguquleli abaziingcali baqinisekisa ukuba iwebhusayithi eguqulelweyo ijongeka kwaye ivakalelwa njengomthombo wokuqala. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banamava amnandi xa bekhangela iwebhusayithi ngolwimi lwabo lwenkobe.

Uguqulelo oluchanileyo nolusebenzayo lwesimakedoni lufuna ulwazi olunzulu ngolwimi nenkcubeko yalo. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo basebenzisa inkqubo engqongqo yokukhetha ngaphambi kokuba baqeshwe ukugqiba iprojekthi yokuguqulela. Le projekthi ikwajongwa ngocoselelo ngabahleli ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka. Abaguquleli abaziingcali baqhelene nemibono yolwimi, enceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inguqulelo ayichananga nje kuphela, kodwa ikwafanelekile ngokwenkcubeko.

Ukuqesha umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo wasemacedonia kunokuba luncedo xa kufikwa ekudaleni ubukho obunempumelelo bamazwe ngamazwe. Iinguqulelo ezenziwe yingcali zicacile kwaye zibanzi, zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo wakho ufika ngokucacileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokungaqondani. Ukutyala imali kwingcali umguquleli wasemacedonia linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba uxwebhu lwakho okanye iwebhusayithi iguqulelwe ngokufanelekileyo kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo. Ikwabonisa ukuba ukhathalele ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezisemgangathweni okanye iinkonzo kubaxumi bakho abathetha isimacedonia.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasemakedoni?

Ulwimi lwasemakedoni luthethwa ikakhulu Kwiriphabhlikhi Yasemantla Emacedonia, Eserbia Nasealbania. Ikwathethwa nakwimimandla Yasebulgaria, Egrisi Nasemontenegro, nakwimimandla yabaphambukeli Eostreliya, Ekhanada, Ejamani Naseunited states.

Liliphi igama lemakedoni livela phi?

Imbali yolwimi lwasemakedoni inokulandelwa emva kwekhulu le-9 AD xa yayisetyenziswe ngendlela Yolwimi Lwakudala Lwesislavonic. Ngeli xesha, ezininzi iilwimi ezikhoyo zasebulgaria Nasemontenegrin zazalwa. Ngenkulungwane ye-11, Islavonic Endala Yecawa yavula ulwimi Lwasemacedonia. Ngexesha Le-Ottoman, ulwimi lwaphenjelelwa ngamagama aseturkey nesiarabhu. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, emva kokusekwa Kwebulgaria Exarchate, kwavela inguqulelo esemgangathweni yolwimi ngoku eyaziwa njengolwimi lwasemacedonia lwangoku. Emva Kwemfazwe Yasebalkan ka-1912-13, imakedoni yabhengezwa njengolwimi olusemthethweni lobukumkani baseserbia, obathi kamva baba Yiyugoslavia. Emva KWEMFAZWE YEHLABATHI II, Imacedonia yazibiza ngokuba yiriphabliki yaza ngoko nangoko yamkela imacedonia njengolwimi lwayo lwaseburhulumenteni. Oku kwamkelwa ngokusesikweni ngo-1993 ngokusekwa Kweriphabhlikhi Yasemakedoni.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasemakedoni?

1. Ukrste Misirkov (1874-1926) - ingcali yeelwimi kunye nefilosofi eyabhala incwadi Malunga Nemicimbi yasemacedonia, ebizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi wokuqala wokubhala ngokubhala ulwimi lwasemacedonia.
2. U-Kuzman Shapkarev (1880-1966) - umphengululi ophando olunzulu ngolwimi lwasemacedonia waseka isiseko solwimi olusemthethweni lwasemacedonia lwanamhlanje.
3. Blaže Koneski (1921-1993) - a linguist nembongi owayeyintloko yesebe ulwimi Macedonian Kwi Institute of Literature Macedonian E Skopje yaye omnye abayili eziphambili ulwimi Macedonian mihla.
4. Ugjorgji Pulevski (1892-1966) - i-polymath kunye nomphengululi owabhala incwadi yokuqala epheleleyo yegrama ngolwimi lwasemacedonia waza waqulunqa imithetho yayo emininzi.
5. U-Koco Rain (1908-1943) - imbongi ebonwa njengoyise weencwadi zanamhlanje zasemacedonia. Wabhala eminye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu esebenzisa ulwimi lwasemacedonia kwaye ngumntu obalulekileyo kwimbali yesizwe nakwinkcubeko yayo.

Njani ulwimi lwasemakedoni?

Ulwimi lwasemacedonia lulwimi Lwasemzantsi Slavic, kwaye ulwakhiwo lwayo luyafana nolunye ulwimi kusapho olufana nesibulgaria Nesiserbo-croatia. Inomyalelo wesigwebo Somxholo-Isenzi kwaye yenza ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-inflection yesenzi. Ulwimi lusebenzisa zombini iindlela Zokwenziwa kunye Nohlalutyo lokudiliza kunye nokudibanisa. Izibizo zinamatyala asixhenxe kunye namadoda amabini, kwaye kukho izenzi ezine. Izichazi ziyavumelana nezibizo eziguqula isini, inombolo, kunye netyala.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasemakedoni ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana incwadi elungileyo yolwimi lwasemacedonia kwaye uzintywilisele kulwimi. Fumana incwadi yegrama ngemithambo onokuyisebenzisa ukuze uziqhelanise kwaye ufunde ulwimi.
2. Mamela umculo wasemacedonia kwaye ubukele iividiyo okanye iimuvi emacedonia. Oku kuya kukunceda ukwazi ulwimi kunye nokubiza kwalo.
3. Thetha nezithethi zomthonyama zasemakedoni. Oku kuya kukunika amava okwenyani kwaye kukuncede ufunde ngokukhawuleza. Unokufumana izithethi zomthonyama kwi-intanethi okanye ngeentlanganiso zendawo okanye uluntu.
4. Ukubhalisa emacedonia. Ukubhala kukunceda uqonde ngcono igrama, isakhiwo kunye nopelo lolwimi.
5. Fumana Macedonian ifani isasazeka. Rekhoda amagama, amabinzana, kunye neencoko ozifumanayo ekufundeni kwakho. Ukuphonononga rhoqo isigama kunye nokuzilolonga kwegrama.
6. Sebenzisa izixhobo zolwimi zasemacedonia ezikwi-intanethi ezinje ngeeapps kunye neewebhusayithi. Zininzi iinkqubo ezikwi-intanethi ezibonelela ngezifundo ezisebenzisanayo kunye nokuzilolonga ukukunceda ufunde.