I-croatian Luxembourgname Guqulela

Xhosa: Ukuvala ulwimi Edit

Icroatia lulwimi olusemthethweni Ecroatia Nasebosnia-Herzegovina, kodwa ikwathethwa ngabantu abancinci abambalwa basecroatia Eserbia, Emontenegro, kumazwe angabamelwane, nakwihlabathi liphela. Yingakho abaninzi abantu kunye namashishini baguqulela iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasecroatia ukuvala umsantsa wolwimi.

Icroatia lulwimi Lwasemzantsi Slavic kwaye iboleka kakhulu kwiingcambu zesilatini Nesijamani. Ulwimi Lwaseburhulumenteni Ecroatia kunye nolwimi olusemthethweni oluncinci Ebosnia-Herzegovina. Icroatia yinxalenye Yosapho Lweelwimi Zase-Indo-European kwaye yabelana ngengcambu eqhelekileyo nezinye iilwimi Zeslavic ezinje ngesirashiya, isipolish, kunye nesiczech.

Ngenxa yeengcambu zayo ezabelwana ngazo, isicroatia kulula ukuba izithethi zezinye iilwimi Zeslavic zifunde. Yabelana ngokufana okuninzi kwigrama kunye nesakhiwo sesivakalisi. Kukho kanjalo ezininzi yenkcubeko similarities phakathi Slavic amazwe ukuba yenza ukuqonda Croatian lula kuba abo kunye ulwazi Ezinye Slavic iilwimi.

Kulabo abangenawo amava kunye nezinye iilwimi zeslavic, isicroatia sisenokuba lula ukuyifumana. Ngenxa yempembelelo yayo yenkcubeko eyahlukeneyo, icroatia iboleka amagama kwezinye iilwimi kwaye inenani elikhulu lemali mboleko. I-croatia ine-alfabhethi yefowuni, eyenza kube lula ukufunda kunezinye iilwimi.

Icroatia nayo ineelwimi ezininzi ezahlukileyo ngokusekwe kwindawo ekuyo, kunye nezinto zentlalo kunye nenkcubeko. Ezi lwimi zinokwahluka ngesigama nangesibizo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni zithethwa nini yaye phi.

Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwiinguqulelo zesicroatia kukusebenzisa umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo otyibilikayo kulwimi kwaye aqhelene neziyelelane. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba uguqulelo luchanekile, luyaqondakala kwaye alunazimpazamo. Abaguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo banokubonelela ngomxholo owongezelelweyo kunye nolwazi lwenkcubeko ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasecroatia zinokunceda ukuvala umsantsa wolwimi kwaye zizise ishishini lakho okanye imveliso kwiimarike ezintsha. Nokuba ufuna ukuguqulela amaxwebhu, iincwadana, iiwebhusayithi, okanye umxholo, ingcali efanelekileyo inokukunceda ufikelele kubaphulaphuli bakho ekujoliswe kubo. Abaguquleli abaziingcali banokukunceda uqonde inkcubeko kunye namasiko asekuhlaleni ukuze ukwazi ukunxibelelana kakuhle nabathengi kunye namaqabane kwimarike yakho entsha.

Ngokuvula ulwimi Lweadriatic ngenguqulelo yesicroatia, unokuvula amathuba amatsha okukhula kunye nempumelelo. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasecroatia zinokukunceda ukuvala izikhewu zolwimi nezenkcubeko ukuze wabelane ngomyalezo wakho nehlabathi.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasecroatia?

Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni Ecroatia, Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, nakwiindawo Zaseserbia, Emontenegro Naseslovenia. Ikwathethwa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezithile ezincinci Eostriya, Ehungary, E-Itali Naseromania.

Ziziphi iilwimi ezisemthethweni zasecroatia?

Ulwimi lwasecroatia Lulwimi Lwasemzantsi Slavic oluneengcambu zalo kwinkulungwane ye-11. Yayisetyenziswa ngamacroats okuqala, Abantu Basemzantsi Slavic abahlala kwindawo ngoku eyicroatia Kumaxesha Aphakathi. Ulwimi oluvela Kwicawa Yakudala Islavonic, ulwimi lwembali olusetyenziswa ngabantu Baseslavic Basempuma Yurophu.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, icroatia yaqalisa ukuthabatha uhlobo olwahlukileyo yaye kamva yasetyenziswa kuncwadi, nakwezinye iinkalo zobomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngenkulungwane ye-16, icroatia yafumana umlinganiselo othile wokubekwa emgangathweni ngokupapashwa kwesichazi-magama esibalulekileyo sasecroatia.
Ekugqibeleni, icroatia yakha inxalenye Yobukhosi Base-Austria-Hungarian kwaye yafumana umgangatho ophezulu ngexesha le-19th century, ifana kakhulu nolwimi lwaseserbia. Emva kwemfazwe yehlabathi I, kwasekwa Ubukumkani baseserbia, Basecroats naseslovenes, kamva ababebizwa Ngokuba Yiyugoslavia. Icroatia yahlala ingatshintshanga de yaba lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwasecroatia ngo-1991 kunye nesibhengezo sobu-independence.
Ukususela ngoko, ulwimi luye lwaqhubeka luguquka, kunye neenguqu ezenziwe ukupela, iziphumlisi, kunye namagama amatsha afakwe kwisichazi-magama. Namhlanje, icroatia kuthethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezi-5.5 abahlala Ecroatia, Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, Eserbia, Eostriya, Ehungary, Eitali Naseswitzerland.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasecroatia?

1. Umarko Marulić (1450-1524) - Ithathelwa Ingqalelo ukuba ibe nguyise weencwadi zanamhlanje zasecroatia kwaye ingqalelo yokuqala enkulu umbhali wasecroatia, Umarulić waqulunqa imisebenzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kuquka imibongo,idrama, kunye nenkolo. Owona msebenzi wakhe udumileyo Ngujudita, umbongo obalaseleyo osekwe Kwincwadi Yetestamente Endala Kajudith.
2. U-Ivan Gundulić ( 1589-1638) - imbongi eyaziwayo eyabhala i-national epic Osman, kunye ne-play dubravka. Wayengomnye wababhali bokuqala basecroatia ukubandakanya izinto zolwimi lwasecroatia kwimisebenzi yakhe.
3. Držić (1508-1567) - Držić widely lunxulumano njengoko wokuqala Croatian dramatist kwaye umseki we-Croatian theatre. Imidlalo yakhe ihlala ibonisa uburharha obumnyama, i-satire, kunye nemvakalelo enamandla yokuqonda kwesizwe.
4. Umatija Antun Riković (1735-1810) - Uriković ubizwa ngokuba ngowokuqala ukubhala ngolwimi lwesicroatia, okwenza kube lula ukuba abantu baqonde kwaye bafunde. Kwakhona wabhala iincwadi ezininzi, amaphecana, namanqaku athetha ngemixholo eyahlukahlukeneyo efana nesayensi, intanda-bulumko nezobupolitika.
5. Petar Preradović (1818-1872) - Preradović ubekwa ngokubanzi njenge "Croatian Byron" kwimibongo yakhe yothando kunye nemibongo yokuthand ' izwe. Ukhunjulwa ngokukhuthaza umanyano lwesizwe, ngakumbi phakathi kwamacandelo amabini Ecroatia, kunye negalelo lakhe kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasecroatia.

Njani ulwimi lwesicroatia?

Ulwimi lwasecroatia lulwimi Lwase-Indo-European kwaye luyinxalenye Yeqela Lolwimi Lwasemzantsi Slavic. Inesakhiwo esifanayo nezinye iilwimi Zeslavic, ezinje ngesibulgaria, isiczech, isipolish nesirashiya. Izenzi zasecroatia zidibaniswa ngokomntu kunye nexesha elide, izibizo kunye nezichazi ziyancitshiswa ngokwesini, inombolo kunye necala, kwaye kukho iimeko ezintandathu zegrama. Isebenzisa ialfabhethi yesilatini kwaye inkqubo yayo yokubhala ifonemic, oko kuthetha ukuba unobumba ngamnye uhambelana nesandi esinye.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasecroatia ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngeziseko: kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi olusisiseko lwegrama, ukubizwa kwamagama kunye noonobumba besicroatia ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufunda ulwimi. Qala ngencwadi elungileyo okanye ikhosi, njengepimsleur okanye Uzifundise isicroatia.
2. Mamela i-podcasts yasecroatia: Ukumamela iipodcasts zasecroatia kunye nemiboniso yenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokufunda kunye nokuqhelana nolwimi. Zininzi iividiyo Zeyoutube ezinezifundo ezithile ngokubiza kunye negrama-bukela kangangoko unako!
3. Ukuziqhelanisa nesithethi somthonyama: Ukuthetha nesithethi somthonyama yenye yeendlela eziluncedo nezonwabisayo zokufunda ulwimi. Unokufumana ngokulula iqabane lolwimi kwi-intanethi okanye kwisixeko sakho.
4. Funda iincwadi zasecroatia: Fumana iincwadi, amanqaku kunye neemagazini ngesicroatia kwaye uzifunde rhoqo. Zama ukufumana uhlobo olukufaneleyo kwaye uqale ukufunda!
5. Sebenzisa ii-flashcards ukuze ufunde isigama: Ii-Flashcards ziyithuluzi elihle xa kuziwa ekufundeni amagama amatsha, ngokukodwa kwiilwimi ezifana nesicroatia apho kukho amagama amaninzi ahlukeneyo kwinto efanayo.
6. Zibhaptize: eyona ndlela yokuqonda ulwimi kukuzifaka kuyo-yiya Ecroatia ukuba unako, okanye ubukele iimovie kwaye umamele umculo ecroatia.
7. Ukufunda i-croatia kunokuba ngamava amnandi kwaye anomvuzo - qiniseka ukuba uyayonwabela inkqubo kwaye ungabeki uxinzelelo olukhulu kuwe.

Iluxembourg lulwimi Lwasejamani oluthethwa Kwigrand-Duchy Yaseluxembourg, ephakathi Kwefransi, Ijamani Nebelgium. Ngaphezulu kwe-400,000 yezithethi zomthonyama, Iluxembourg lulwimi lwengingqi olufumana ingqalelo ngakumbi njengolwimi lweshishini kunye nemicimbi yamanye amazwe.

Njengoko Luxembourg iyaqhubeka ukuvula imida yayo kubaphambukeli, uguqulelo Luxembourg iye kubalulekile kwabo banqwenela ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo inkcubeko ezahlukeneyo nelifa lesizwe. Kumashishini, ukunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo nabemi bendawo kuyimfuneko. Ngokufanayo, abafundi Baseluxembourg banokuzuza kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela ukuze baqonde ngcono ubunzima bolwimi.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuguqulelwa Kweluxembourg? Njengalo naluphi na olunye ulwimi, ukuguqulela kubandakanya ukuthatha isicatshulwa kulwimi olunye kwaye usiguqulele kolunye ulwimi, ngelixa ugcina intsingiselo yalo. Ukuguqulela Phakathi Kweluxembourg Kunye nolunye ulwimi akufani. Noko ke, owona mceli-mngeni uphambili kubemi Baseluxembourg sisimo sabo esisodwa ngokwembali. Oku kuye kwaphumela ekuphuhlisweni kwesigama esikhethekileyo, imigaqo yegrama kunye neendibano zolwimi ezingasoloko ziguqulelwa kwezinye iilwimi.

Ngoko ke, xa kuziwa ekuguquleleni, ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengoko iimpazamo zinokukhokelela ngokulula kukungaqondani, unxibelelwano olungalunganga okanye ukonakalisa ubudlelwane, ukusebenza nomguquleli oqeqeshiweyo onolwazi Kakuhle Eluxembourgish ngundoqo.

Abaguquleli Baseluxembourg banamava amaninzi kwiimeko zenkcubeko nezomthetho. Oku kubandakanya ulwazi malunga neenuances Zaseluxembourg kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngonxibelelwano phakathi kwamaqabane oshishino, abathengi okanye abasebenzi. Ukuchaneka, baya kusebenzisa izixhobo zokuguqulela ezisexesheni kunye nesoftware ekhoyo.

Kuba nabani na okhangela umguquleli Onokuthenjwa Waseluxembourg, kubalulekile ukwenza uphando olunzulu kwangaphambili. Jonga umguquleli oqinisekisiweyo kulwimi, onamava okwenyani ebaleni, kwaye uqhelene notshintsho lwamva nje kulwimi.

Ukuqukumbela, inguqulelo Yaseluxembourg yinkonzo exabisekileyo yabantu abahlala nabasebenza Eluxembourg, kunye nabo banomdla kwinkcubeko nakwimbali yeli lizwe. Ngokuqesha iingcali ezinezakhono kunye nobuchule obufunekayo ukuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo amaxwebhu phakathi Kweluxembourg kunye nezinye iilwimi, amashishini kunye nabantu banokuthembela kwiziphumo ezisemgangathweni.

Ngawaphi amazwe ekuthethwa Kuwo Ulwimi Lwaseluxembourg?

Luxembourg kuthethwa Ikakhulu Luxembourg, kwaye kwinqanaba ngaphantsi, kwiindawo Belgium, Fransi, Yaye Jemani.

Luluphi ulwimi Oluthethwa Ngabantu Baseluxembourg?

Imbali yolwimi Lwaseluxembourg isusela emva Kumaxesha Aphakathi. Ulwimi lwaqala ukusetyenziswa Ngamacelts Aseromania, ahlala Eluxembourg ngekhulu lesi-3. Kwiinkulungwane ezilandelayo, Iluxembourg yayiphenjelelwa ngamandla ziilwimi Zasejamani ezingabamelwane, ngokukodwa Isifranconia Esisezantsi, esiyinxalenye yesebe Leelwimi Zasentshona Jamani.
Ngekhulu le-19, Iluxembourg yavela njengolwimi olwahlukileyo kunye nefom yayo ebhaliweyo. Ukususela ngoko, ulwimi luye lwaqhubeka lukhula kwaye luguquka njengoko luye lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiincwadi, ukushicilela kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla kunye noluntu.
Namhlanje, Iluxembourg lulwimi olusemthethweni kwilizwe Laseluxembourg kwaye ikwathethwa kwiindawo Zasebelgium, Efrance Nasejamani. Ikwafundiswa kwezinye iiyunivesithi, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana Kwi-European Union.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwaseluxembourg?

1. Ujean - Pierre Feuillet (1893-1943): ingcali yeelwimi yesifrentshi kunye nonjingalwazi owayenoxanduva lokupapashwa kwezichazi-magama zokuqala kunye negrama yaseluxembourgish ngo-1923.
2. U-Emile Weber (1898-1968): umbhali Waseluxembourg kunye nembongi eyabhala iincwadi ezininzi kunye namaphecana ukunceda ukukhuthaza nokusasaza ulwimi Lwaseluxembourg.
3. Ualbert Mergen( 1903-1995): Ingcali Yeelwimi kunye nonjingalwazi obizwa ngokuba wadala i-Orthography yanamhlanje Yaseluxembourg.
4. Unicholas Biever (1912-1998): Umshicileli kunye nomsunguli wejenali "Ulëtzebuerger Srooch" ekhuthaze kwaye yakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa Kweluxembourg.
5. Urobert Krieps (1915-2009): Ingcali Yeelwimi kunye nonjingalwazi osebenze ukudala ifom esemgangathweni yolwimi Lwaseluxembourg kunye nokuphucula ukufundiswa kolwimi ezikolweni.

Njani Ulwimi Luxembourg?

Iluxembourg lulwimi Lwasejamani olunxulumene nesijamani nesidatshi. Ngumxube Weelwimi Eziphezulu zasejamani Kunye Ne-West Central German, ezidibanisa izinto ezivela kuzo zombini. Ulwimi luneelwimi ezintathu ezahlukeneyo: Imoselle Franconian (ethethwa kumantla mpuma Eluxembourg), Ephezulu-Eluxembourg (ethethwa kwimimandla ekumbindi nasentshona yelizwe), Kunye Neluxembourg (ethethwa ikakhulu emazantsi). Amagama aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo kunye aqhelekanga eneenfayile zu. I-grammatic, ifana nejamani, kunye nokufana okuninzi kwisini sayo, umyalelo wegama, kunye nesakhiwo sesivakalisi.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwaseluxembourg ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana incwadi elungileyo okanye ikhosi yokufunda ulwimi. Zininzi izinto ezifumanekayo Eluxembourg, kubandakanya izifundo ezahlukeneyo ezikwi-intanethi kunye neeapps. Oku kunokuba yindlela elungileyo yokufumana izifundo ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuqonda kwakho ulwimi.
2. Fumana isithethi somthonyama. Nxibelelana nesithethi somthonyama Saseluxembourg ngobuqu okanye kwi-intanethi. Oku kunokukunceda ufunde ngokukhawuleza, njengoko uza kuva ulwimi oluthethwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uzuze kulwazi lwabo lwangaphakathi lwenkcubeko.
3. Fumana Uluhlu lwamagama Egama Luxembourg. Zama ukubukela imiboniso kamabonwakude, mamela iinkqubo zikanomathotholo, okanye ufunde amaphephandaba Aseluxembourg. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uqhelane nokubiza kunye nesigama, ngelixa kuya kukunceda uqonde ngcono inkcubeko yelizwe.
4. Ukuziqhelanisa, ukuziqhelanisa, ukuziqhelanisa. Indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi yindlela ehambelanayo. Qiniseka ukuba uqhelisela izakhono zakho zokuthetha, zokufunda kunye nokumamela rhoqo. Sebenzisa iiflashcards, iincwadi zokusebenzela, okanye ezinye izixhobo ukukunceda uphonononge umbandela osele uwufundile, kunye nokwazisa amagama amatsha.