Isixhosa Papiamento Guqulela

Isingesi lolona lwimi luthethwayo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye sisebenza njengebhulorho phakathi kweenkcubeko zabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Isidingo senguqulelo yesingesi siyanda, njengoko amashishini amaninzi nangakumbi, oorhulumente kunye nemibutho bayaliqonda ixabiso lokunxibelelana kwimiqobo yolwimi.

Inkqubo yokuguqulela isingesi ibandakanya ukuthatha uxwebhu lomthombo olubhalwe ngolunye ulwimi kwaye uliguqulele kolunye ulwimi ngaphandle kokuphulukana nentsingiselo yoqobo. Oku kunokuba lula njengokuguqulela ibinzana, okanye intsonkothile njengokudala inoveli yonke okanye ingcaciso edibeneyo kwiilwimi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Abaguquleli besingesi baxhomekeke kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwenguqulelo. Kufuneka babe nolwazi olunzulu lweelwimi zombini kwaye bakwazi ukutolika ngokuchanekileyo amagama ngentsingiselo kunye nomxholo. Ukongeza, iingcali zeelwimi ezijolise kwinguqulelo yesingesi kufuneka zibe nokuqonda okunzulu kwesigama senkcubeko, iindawo kunye namasiko.

Kuthatha iminyaka yokufunda kunye nokuziqhelanisa ukuba ngumguquleli wesingesi osebenzayo, kwaye abaninzi bakhetha ukulandela isatifikethi ngemibutho yabaguquleli okanye iiyunivesithi. Esi siqinisekiso asibonisi kuphela ubuchule babo, kodwa siqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wabo uhlangabezana nemigangatho ethile yomgangatho kunye nokusebenza okubekwe ngumzimba oqeqeshiweyo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwakhona kunceda abaguquleli besingesi bahlale behlaziyekile kunye nophuhliso lwamva nje lweshishini.

Inguqulelo yesingesi sisakhono esibalulekileyo esivumela abantu abaneemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo ukuba banxibelelane kwaye babelane ngezimvo kunye namava. Njengoko ihlabathi liqhubeka likhula kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye lidibanisa, inguqulelo yesingesi yinto ebalulekileyo kwishishini, kwezentlalo nakwezopolitiko.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isingesi?

Isingesi lulwimi oluthethwa kakhulu kwaye lulwimi olusemthethweni kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya I-United States, I-United Kingdom, I-Canada, I-Australia, I-Ireland, I-New Zealand, Ijamaica, Kunye namanye amazwe Kwiziqithi Zecaribbean Nasepacific. Isingesi lulwimi olusemthethweni Eindiya, Epakistan, Kwiiphilippines, nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi Eafrika Naseasia.

Yintoni imbali yolwimi lwesingesi?

Ulwimi lwesingesi luneengcambu zalo Kusapho Lweelwimi Zasentshona Jamani, ekukholelwa ukuba luvela kukhokho oqhelekileyo wazo zonke iilwimi Zasejamani, Iproto-Germanic. Kucingelwa ukuba olu lwimi luye lwaphuhliswa phakathi kwe-1000 no-500 BC kwindawo ngoku eyinorthern Germany Kunye Nescandinavia.
Ukususela apho, kwavela iziyelelane Ezahlukahlukeneyo Zasejamani ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ezinye zazo ekugqibeleni zaba Ngamangesi Namafrisian, isingesi Esidala Nesasaxon Esidala. I-Old English yayilulwimi oluthethwa Engilani kude kube malunga ne-1150 AD xa yaqala ukuguqukela kwinto ngoku ebizwa Ngokuba Yi-Middle English. Eli xesha lenguqu liphawulwe ngokuqaliswa kwamagama asefransi awamkelwa njengenxalenye Yenorman Conquest ngo-1066.
Ngexesha Likachaucer ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1300, isingesi Esiphakathi sasilulwimi oluphambili Lwasengilani kwaye sachukunyiswa kakhulu sisifrentshi nesilatini. Ekuqaleni kwee-1500, olu hlobo lwesingesi luye lwaguquka lwaba lulwimi olwamkelekileyo nolwamkelekileyo namhlanje Njengesingesi Sokuqala.
Isingesi samandulo Samanje sasingafani kwihlabathi lonke, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwahlukile kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla. Umzekelo, isingesi sokuqala Sasemelika saqala ukwahluka kakhulu kwisingesi sasebritane ngenkulungwane ye-17.
Namhlanje, amagama amaninzi amatsha kunye namabinzana afakiwe kulwimi lwesingesi ngenxa yeenguqu ezinkulu zenkcubeko kunye nezobuchwepheshe ukususela Kwi-Industrial Revolution. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwehlabathi evelayo kunye nokuhamba okwandayo kwamazwe aphesheya kuye kwakhokelela ekwamkelweni kwee-neologisms ezininzi. Ngenxa yoko, isingesi siye saba lolona lwimi lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesingesi?

1. Uwilliam Shakespeare - oyena mdlali odumileyo kwisingesi, Ushakespeare ubizwa ngokuqulunqwa kwamawaka amagama kunye namabinzana asasetyenziswa namhlanje.
2. Ugeoffrey Chaucer-omnye wababhali bokuqala owaziwayo ukuba abhale Ngesingesi Esiphakathi, imisebenzi yakhe ithathwa ngokunceda ukulungelelanisa ulwimi.
3. Usamuel Johnson-Obizwa Ngokuba nguyise weencwadi zesingesi, waqulunqa isichazi-magama sokuqala esibanzi sesingesi.
4. Ujohn Milton - Umbongo Wakhe obalaseleyo Iparadesi Elahlekileyo yenye yezona zinto zinempembelelo kwimibongo yesingesi.
5. Uwilliam Tyndale-oyena mntu uphambili Kwinguqulelo yesingesi, wayengumntu wokuqala ukuguqulela Ibhayibhile ngesingesi isuka kwimithombo yayo yantlandlolo yesihebhere neyesigrike.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwesingesi?

Isingesi lulwimi lokuhlalutya, oko kuthetha ukuba luphula amagama kwi-morphemes nganye, okanye iiyunithi ezinentsingiselo. Isebenzisa umyalelo wegama, kunokuba isini segrama okanye ukuphela, ukubonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwamagama kwisivakalisi. Isingesi sinomzekelo oqinileyo we-syntax, kunye nomxholo-isenzi-into-umyalelo kwizivakalisi zayo. Ukongeza, isingesi sisebenzisa umyalelo ochanekileyo wesibizo xa izichazi ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuchaza isibizo esisodwa.

Indlela yokufunda isingesi ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Yenza isicwangciso. Thatha isigqibo sokuba zingaphi iiyure ngeveki onokuzinikezela ekufundeni isingesi, kwaye ufuna ukuchitha ixesha elingakanani kumsebenzi ngamnye.
2. Qala ngeziseko. Funda igrama nesigama esisisiseko esifunekayo ukuze uqalise ukuthetha nokuqonda ulwimi.
3. Iittala teema. Zama ukufumana iindlela zokuzijikeleza ngolwimi. Bukela iimuvi, umamele iingoma kunye neepodcasts, kwaye ufunde iincwadi kunye neemagazini ngesingesi.
4. Thetha nabantu. Cinga ngokujoyina iklasi yencoko okanye uluntu oluku-intanethi ukuze uziqhelanise nesingesi sakho kunye nezithethi zomthonyama.
5. Thatha izifundo online. Zininzi iikhosi ezikwi-intanethi kunye nezifundo ezinokukunceda ufunde isingesi ngendlela ehleliweyo neyonwabisayo.
6. Ziqhelise rhoqo. Bekela bucala ixesha lokuziqhelanisa nokuthetha nokubhala isingesi yonke imihla. Nokuba yimizuzu embalwa kuphela, qiniseka ukuba unamathela kwishedyuli yakho kwaye uqhubeke nokuziqhelanisa.

Ipapiamento lulwimi lwesicreole oluthethwa kwiziqithi Zecaribbean Zasearuba, Ebonaire Nasecuraçao. Lulwimi oludibanisa ispanish, isiphuthukezi, isidatshi, isingesi kunye neelwimi Ezahlukeneyo Zaseafrika.

Kangangeenkulungwane, Ipapiamento ibikhonza njengolwimi oluthethwa ngabantu basekuhlaleni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho unxibelelwano phakathi kweenkcubeko ezahlukahlukeneyo eziqithini. Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kwayo njengolwimi lwencoko yemihla ngemihla, ikwasetyenziswa njengesixhobo soncwadi kunye nokuguqulela.

Imbali yenguqulelo Kapapiamento isusela emva phayaa ngowe-1756, xa iinguqulelo zokuqala zaprintwa. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, ulwimi luye lwavela lwaza lwahlengahlengiswa ukuze luhlangabezane neemfuno zezithethi zalo.

Namhlanje, inguqulelo Yepapiamento isetyenziswa kakhulu kwezoshishino, kwezokhenketho nakwezemfundo. Iinkampani Ezifana Nemicrosoft Kunye Neapple zongeze Ipapiamento kuluhlu lwazo lweelwimi ezixhaswayo, zenza ukuba ulwimi lufikeleleke ngakumbi kwiindwendwe zamanye amazwe kunye nabafundi.

Amashishini asebenza Kwicaribbean anokuxhamla kwiinkonzo zokuguqulela Zepapiamento ukuze anxibelelane ngokufanelekileyo nabathengi babo. Ulwimi lungasetyenziselwa ukudala iiwebhusayithi kunye neencwadana ezifikelelekayo kubemi bendawo. Ukongeza, iinkampani zinokusebenzisa iinkonzo zokuguqulela kwi-intanethi ukubanceda banxibelelane ngeelwimi ezininzi.

Ehlabathini lezemfundo, I-Papiamento isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Izikolo zasecaribbean zihlala zisebenzisa ulwimi ukufundisa abafundi malunga nenkcubeko kunye nembali yabo. Ngapha koko, iiyunivesithi ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela zibonelela ngezifundo kunye neenkqubo ezizodwa Epapiamento. Oku kuvumela abafundi abavela kwihlabathi liphela ukuba baphucule ukuqonda kwabo ulwimi kunye nenkcubeko enxulumene nayo.

Ngokubanzi, inguqulelo Yepapiamento yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko kunye nelifa lemveli Lecaribbean. Isetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lwemihla ngemihla, ishishini, imfundo kunye noguqulelo. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuthandwa kolwimi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuya kuxhaphaka ngakumbi kwiminyaka ezayo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwepapiamento?

I-Papiamento ithethwa ikakhulu kwiziqithi Zecaribbean Zasearuba, Bonaire, Curaçao, kunye Ne-Dutch Half-Island (Sint Eustatius). Ikwathethwa kwimimandla Yasevenezuela yasefalcón Nasezulia.

Yintoni i-papiamento language?

I-Papiamento lulwimi Lwesicreole Lwase-Afro-Portuguese Oluvela kwisiqithi Sasearuba Sasecaribbean. Ngumxube weelwimi Zasentshona Afrika, isiphuthukezi, ispanish nesidatshi, phakathi kwezinye iilwimi. Olu lwimi lwaqala ukusetyenziswa ngenkulungwane ye-16 ngabarhwebi baseportugal nabasespain abafika kwisiqithi Sasecuraçao befuna igolide namakhoboka. Ngeli xesha, Ipapiamento yayisetyenziswa ikakhulu njengolwimi lorhwebo phakathi kwezi ntlanga ezahlukeneyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, yaba lulwimi lwabantu basekuhlaleni, yathabathel ' indawo iilwimi zomthonyama ezazithethwe apho ngaphambili. Olu lwimi lwasasazeka nakwiziqithi Ezikufuphi Zasearuba, Ebonaire Nasesint Maarten. Namhlanje, ipapiamento yenye yeelwimi ezisemthethweni ZE-ABC islands (Aruba, Bonaire Kunye Necuraçao) kwaye kuthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwe-350,000.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwasepapiamento?

1. Hendrik Kwi 2. Pieter de Jong 3. Hendrik de Cock 4. Ulrich de Miranda 5. Ireimar Iberis Ebesaril

Njani ulwimi Lwepapiamento?

I-papiamento lulwimi lwesicreole, olubunjwe ngamacandelo avela kwisiphuthukezi, isidatshi Kunye Neelwimi Zasentshona Afrika, kunye nespanish, Iarawak nesingesi. Igrama Yepapiamento ilula kakhulu kwaye ithe ngqo, kunye nezitenxo ezimbalwa. Lulwimi olunamandla kakhulu, lusebenzisa i-affixes (izimaphambili kunye nezimamva) ukubonisa umsebenzi wamagama kwisivakalisi. Akukho myalelo uchanekileyo Kwipapiamento; amagama anokucwangciswa ukubonisa iintsingiselo ezahlukeneyo. Ulwimi lukwabotshelelwe ngokukodwa kwinkcubeko Yecaribbean kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukubonisa izimvo zenkcubeko.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lwepapiamento ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Iittala teema. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukuzifaka kuyo. Ukuba ufunda I-Papiamento, zama ukufumana abanye abantu abathetha ngayo ukuze ukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nabo. Khangela amaqela athetha Ipapiamento, iiklasi, okanye iiklabhu.
2. Mamela kwaye uphinde. Thatha ixesha lokumamela izithethi zomthonyama Zepapiamento kwaye uphinde into abayithethayo. Kukho iividiyo ezikwi-intanethi kunye nezithethi zomthonyama Zepapiamento ezithetha ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo ezinokuba luncedo koku.
3. Funda kwaye ubhale. Thatha ixesha lokufunda iincwadi Zepapiamento kunye namaphephandaba. Ukuba ikhona, fumana incwadi yokubhala yabantwana enamagama Epapiamento kunye nemifanekiso ehambelanayo. Kwakhona, bhala phantsi amagama namabinzana owavayo kwizithethi zomthonyama Zasepapiamento.
4. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikwi-intanethi. Zininzi izixhobo ezikwi-intanethi kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo zokunceda ukufunda Ipapiamento. Fumana ikhosi, iwebhusayithi, okanye usetyenziso olunemithambo yegrama, iingxoxo, iingcebiso zokubiza kunye neminye imisebenzi.
5. Ziqhelise ukuthetha. Nje ukuba uqhelene nolwimi, ziqhelanise nokuthetha. Okukhona uziqhelanisa, kokukhona uya kukhululeka ngakumbi ekuthetheni Ipapiamento. Thetha nezithethi zomthonyama, uzirekhode uthetha, kwaye uziqhelanise neengxoxo.