Bashkir Igalician Humusha

Ulimi lwesibashkir luwulimi lwasendulo Lwesiturkic olukhulunywa abantu basebashkir Eriphabhuliki Yasebashkortostan, Erussia. Ingelungu leqembu elincane lamakipchak lezilimi Zamaturkic, futhi ikhulunywa ngabantu abangaba yizigidi eziyi-1.5.

Isibashkir siwulimi oluhlukahlukene, olunezilimi eziningi Ezihlukene ezikhulunywa Kulo Lonke Iriphabhuliki. Lokhu kwenza ukuhumusha kusuka ebashkir kuya ebashkir kube umsebenzi onzima. Kunokwehluka okuningi okukhulu phakathi kwezilimi ezingenza ukuhumusha kube nzima kakhulu, njengokuphela kwamagama okuhlukile nezinguquko ekubizeni.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhunyushwa okunembile, kubalulekile ukuba abantu abakhuluma isibashkir baqonde imininingwane ehlukahlukene yolimi. Laba bahumushi kudingeka bazi kahle izilimi ezihlukahlukene futhi bakwazi ukuthola ngisho nokwehluka okuncane kakhulu. Yingakho abahumushi abangochwepheshe ngokuvamile bethandwa uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni isibashkir.

Lapho ufuna umhumushi wesibashkir, kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe. Okuhlangenwe nakho kuyisihluthulelo; umhumushi kufanele abe nolwazi lomthombo nolimi okubhekiswe kulo, kanye nokuqonda umongo wamasiko. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhumushi unolwazi olusha lwamagama asetshenziswa olimini, njengoba lokhu kungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhumusha isibashkir kudinga ulwazi nekhono elikhethekile, kanye nokuqonda izilimi namasiko. Kubalulekile ukuqasha umhumushi onolwazi futhi onolwazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi incazelo ehlosiwe idluliselwa ngokunembile.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi lwesibashkir?

Ulimi lwesibashkir lukhulunywa Kakhulu Erussia, nakuba kunenani elincane labantu abakhuluma isikazakhstan, I-Ukraine Ne-Uzbekistan.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesibashkir?

Ulimi lwesibashkir luwulimi Lwesiturkic olukhulunywa ikakhulukazi Eriphabhuliki Yasebashkortostan, etholakala esifundeni Sezintaba Zase-Ural Erussia. Yilona kuphela ulimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabhulikhi futhi lukhulunywa namanye amalungu omphakathi omncane wase-Udmurt oseduze. Lolu limi selusetshenziswe amakhulu amaningi eminyaka futhi lungolunye lwezilimi ezindala Kakhulu Zamaturkic ezisakhulunywa nanamuhla.
Imibhalo yokuqala ebhaliwe yolimi lwesibashkir iqala ngekhulu le-16. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, yayithonywe kakhulu isi-arabhu nesipheresiya. Ekhulwini le-19, isibashkir saba ulimi olubhaliwe lwezinhlanga eziningana ezahlukene kule ndawo. Yayisetshenziswa nasemibhalweni yesayensi, eyayisiza ukuba isakazeke kuyo yonke le ndawo.
Phakathi nenkathi Yamasoviet, ulimi lwesibashkir lwathinteka kakhulu ithonya laserussia. Amagama amaningi esibashkir athathelwa indawo amagama afanayo esirashiya. Lolu limi lwalufundiswa nasezikoleni futhi kwaba nomzamo wokwakha izinhlamvu zamagama ezihlanganisiwe zesibashkir.
Esikhathini sangemva Kwesoviet, isibashkir siye sabona ukuvuselelwa kokusetshenziswa kwaso futhi kuye kwaba nomzamo owengeziwe wokulondoloza ulimi. Abantu abaningi manje bafunda isibashkir njengolimi lwesibili, futhi uhulumeni Weriphabhuliki Yasebashkortostan wenza imizamo emikhulu yokuqinisekisa ukusinda kolimi.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesibashkir?

1. U-Ildar gabdrafikov-imbongi, umshicileli, nombhali wesikripthi, wayengumuntu obalulekile ezincwadini zesibashkir nokuvuselelwa kolimi lwesibashkir.
2. Unikolay galikhanov-isazi nesimbongi sasebashkir, wabhala imisebenzi eminingi ngesibashkir futhi uthathwa njengomsunguli wesayensi yanamuhla yasebashkir.
3. Udamir Ismagilov - isazi sezemfundo, isazi sefilosofi nesazi sezilimi, wasebenza kakhulu ekwandiseni amazinga okufunda nokubhala phakathi kwabakhuluma isibashkir futhi wahlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi ebhaliwe ngolimi lwesibashkir.
4. U-Asker aimbetov-imbongi, umbhali kanye nesazi sezemfundo sasebashkir, wayengomunye wabantu abahamba phambili olimini nasezincwadini zasebashkir, futhi wabhala imisebenzi eminingana emikhulu ngolimi.
5. U-Irek Yakhina-umbhali nomlobi wemidlalo odumile wasebashkir, imisebenzi yakhe ayaziwa Erussia kuphela kodwa nasemhlabeni wonke, futhi wenze lukhulu ekwenzeni ulimi lwesibashkir lufinyeleleke kakhudlwana kubafundi.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesibashkir sinjani?

Ulimi lwesibashkir luwulimi oluhlanganisa izilimi oluphakathi kwezilimi zamakipchak. Ibonakala ngokusebenzisa izijobelelo nemisindo ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukuveza imisebenzi yohlelo lolimi. Isibashkir sinesimiso esicebile sama-consonant nama-vowel, kokubili ukwakheka kwe-syllabic ne-adverbial okwenza isakhiwo saso sonke.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Bashkir ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Zijwayeze izinhlamvu zamagama Bashkir kanye pronunciation. Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala esibaluleke kakhulu uma usanda kuqala ukufunda isibashkir. Start ngokufunda eminye imibhalo eyisisekelo ngesibashkir futhi usebenzise ukubiza uhlamvu ngalunye ngendlela efanele.
2. Zama ukuthola umfundisi noma inkambo. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda ulimi iwukuthola imfundo yomuntu ngamunye nesikhulumi somdabu. Uma lokho kungenakwenzeka, bheka izifundo zendawo, noma izifundo zomsindo nezamavidiyo, ukukusiza ufunde ulimi.
3. Funda, lalela futhi ubukele eziningi materials in Bashkir. Njengoba uthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngolimi, continue ufunda futhi ulalele abezindaba ngesibashkir. Zama ukuthola okuqoshiwe audio, izincwadi, amafilimu nezingoma in Bashkir futhi gxila olimini.
4. Thola ezinye umkhuba ukukhuluma Bashkir. Thola umlingani ukuzijayeza, noma ukujoyina iforamu online lapho abantu bakhuluma Bashkir. Ungesabi ukwenza amaphutha-kuyingxenye yokufunda!
5. Keep ufunda. Ngisho noma uzizwa ukhululekile ngezinto eziyisisekelo, kuhlale kunento entsha ongayifunda nokuyenza. Continue ufunda, ulalele futhi ubuke izinto eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka in Bashkir.

Ukuhumusha ngesigalician: Ukuveza Ulimi Lwesi-Iberia Oluyingqayizivele

Isigalician siwulimi Lwesiromance oluvela esifundeni esisenyakatho-ntshonalanga Yespain naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeportugal esaziwa Ngokuthi Igalicia, kanye Nalokho okubizwa Ngokuthi Iterra de santiago (Izindawo Zikasanta James). Kukhulunywa futhi Abanye Abantu Basegalicia abahlala kwamanye amazwe kwezinye izingxenye Zenhlonhlo Yaseiberia. Ngezilimi zayo ezihlukile, nokuhlobana kwayo nomzila wokuhambela wasendulo oholela Esantiago de Compostela, Isigalician besilokhu sihlotshaniswa nesiko nobuntu obuyingqayizivele amakhulu eminyaka.

Isigalician siwulimi olubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abafisa ukwazisa isiko Lasegalician, njengoba ababhali abaningi, izimbongi, nezingoma ezithandwayo zisekelwe kulolu limi. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba abantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke babe nethuba lokuqonda lolu limi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isidingo sokuhunyushwa Sisuka Esigalician siye Esigalician siye sakhula eminyakeni yamuva.

Abahumushi abangochwepheshe Basegalician kumelwe babe nolwazi olujulile ngolimi oluwumthombo noluhlosiwe futhi bajwayelane nesizinda solimi ukuze bakwazi ukubamba ngokunembile incazelo yalo mbhalo. Kudingeka bakwazi ukubona imiqondo eyisisekelo, izinkulumo namagama esipelingi olimi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwezinkulumo ekuhumusheni okuvelayo.

Ngokwesiko, ukuhumusha imibhalo Noma imibhalo Ngesigalician bekulokhu kuwumsebenzi onzima, ngokuvamile odinga ukuqonda ulimi ngokukhethekile. Nokho, ngenxa yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, kuye kwaba nenani elandayo lezinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezitholakalayo ezikhethekile olimini, ezinikeza izinguqulo ezisekelwe kubantu nezisekelwe emshinini.

Lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi, kubalulekile ukukhetha umuntu onolwazi ekuhumusheni Isigalician, kanye nomuntu onolwazi ngezilimi ezihlukahlukene zolimi. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe ngokuvamile banokuqonda okujulile kolimi, futhi banganikeza izinguqulo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunezinguqulo zomshini, ngokuvamile ezivame ukuba namaphutha.

Ngokuvamile, lapho ufuna insizakalo yokuhumusha esezingeni eliphakeme, kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo ukuze uthole umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa onganikeza ukuhumusha Okunembile nokungokobuchwepheshe Kwesigalician. Ngokwenza kanjalo, uyokwazi ukwazisa isiko Lamagalician nolimi lwawo oluyingqayizivele.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo Ulimi Lwesigalician?

Isigalician siwulimi Lwesiromance olukhulunywa emphakathini ozimele Wasegalicia enyakatho-ntshonalanga Yespain. Kukhulunywa futhi eminye imiphakathi yabafuduki kwezinye izingxenye Zespain, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile zaseportugal Nase-Argentina.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesigalician?

Ulimi Lwesigalician luwulimi Lwesiromance oluhlobene kakhulu nesiputukezi futhi lukhulunywa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 enyakatho-ntshonalanga Yespain. Inomsuka wayo embusweni wasegalicia wasendulo, owahlukaniswa phakathi kwemibuso Yamakristu Yasecastile Neleon ngekhulu le-12. Ulimi lwabhekana nenqubo yokujwayeza nokwenziwa kwesimanje ngekhulu le-19 nele-20, okwabona ukuthuthukiswa kolimi olujwayelekile olusemthethweni olwaziwa ngokuthi "Isigalician Esijwayelekile" noma "Isigalician-Portuguese". Lolu limi luye lwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni umbuso wasespain kusukela ngo-1982 futhi lusemthethweni kanye nespanishi esifundeni esizimele Sasegalicia. Lolu limi lukhulunywa nasemazweni amaningana emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni aselatin America Njenge-Argentina, Ibrazil, I-Uruguay, Imexico Nevenezuela.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesigalician?

1. Urosalia de castro (18371885): ubhekwa njengomunye wezimbongi ezidume kakhulu ngolimi Lwesigalician.
2. Uramón Otero pedrayo (18881976): umbhali, isazi sezilimi nomholi wezamasiko, waziwa ngokuthi "Ubaba Wasegalician".
3. U-Alfonso X El Sabio (12211284): Inkosi Yasecastile Naseleon, wabhala imibhalo ngolimi Lwesigalician futhi waba nesandla ekuthuthukiseni isiko layo lezincwadi.
4. Umanuel curros Enríquez (18511906): imbongi nombhali, ohlonishwa ngokubuyiselwa kolimi Lwesigalician.
5. Umaría Victoria Moreno (19232013): isazi sezilimi esakha indinganiso entsha yesigalician sanamuhla esibhaliwe futhi sashicilela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ngokuziphendukela kwaso.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesigalician sakhiwa kanjani?

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesigalician sifana nezinye izilimi Zesiromance njengespanishi, isicatalan nesiputukezi. Inohlelo lwamagama oluhlobene nesenzo nesenzo, futhi isebenzisa isethi yezikhathi zesenzo zesikhathi esedlule, samanje, nesikhathi esizayo. Amagama anobulili (owesilisa noma owesifazane), futhi izichasiso ziyavumelana namagama azichazayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezimpawu: lezo eziveza indlela, nalezo eziveza isikhathi, indawo, imvamisa, nobungako. Lolu limi luhlanganisa nezibizo eziningi, iziqalo, nezihlanganisi.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Galician ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Funda amagama ayisisekelo nemishwana: Start ngokufunda amagama ayisisekelo nemishwana efana imikhonzo, ukuzethula, ukwazi abantu, nokuqonda izingxoxo ezilula.
2. Pick up imithetho lolimi: Uma une eziyisisekelo phansi, uqale ukufunda imithetho lolimi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezifana isenzo conjugations, izikhathi, amafomu subjunctive nokuningi.
3. Funda izincwadi nezihloko: Thatha izincwadi noma izihloko ezibhalwe Ngesigalician uzifunde. Lokhu kuzosiza ngempela uma kuziwa ekuthuthukiseni silulumagama kanye umuzwa wakho pronunciation.
4. Lalela izikhulumi bomdabu: Lalela Podcasts Galician noma amavidiyo, ukubukela amafilimu KANYE TV imibukiso, noma uthole umlingani ingxoxo ukuzijayeza.
5. Khuluma, khuluma, khuluma: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda iwukuzijwayeza ukukhuluma ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unomngane noma uwedwa, zama ukusebenzisa lokho okufundile ezingxoxweni zangempela.