Isicatalan Isi-Tajik Humusha

Isicatalan siwulimi lwesiromance olukhulunywa Ikakhulukazi Espain Naseandorra, kanye nakwezinye izindawo Zaseyurophu Njenge-Italy, Ifrance Nemalta. Ulimi olusemthethweni esifundeni Sasecatalonia Espain futhi lukhulunywa nasezifundeni ezingomakhelwane Zasevalencia naseziqhingini Zasebalearic. Ngenxa yomlando wayo ohlukile, nakuba inokufana okuningi nezinye izilimi Zasespain, iyilimi elihlukile ngokwalo, futhi ukuhumusha phakathi kwesicatalan nezinye izilimi Zaseyurophu kungenza ama-nuances amaningi nobuciko kulahleke kalula.

Kumabhizinisi afuna ukuxhumana namakhasimende noma abasebenzi abakhuluma isicatalan, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zibalulekile. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa abahumushi abanolwazi nabaqeqeshiwe abangajwayelene nolimi kuphela, kodwa nanoma yiziphi izincazelo ezithile zamasiko. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi lapho kuhunyushwa imibhalo enjengezinkontileka zomthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba imithetho Ye-European Union kufanele yenziwe itholakale kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni ze-Eu, ukuhunyushelwa olimini lwesicatalan kuyadingeka kuzo zonke izinkampani ezenza ibhizinisi e-eu.

Ngokufanayo, okuqukethwe okuku-inthanethi njengamawebhusayithi, imikhankaso yokumaketha nokuthunyelwe kwezokuxhumana kudingeka kuhunyushwe ngokunembile kubabukeli basecatalan. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezisebenza ngokuzikhandla ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhumusha kunembile futhi akunamaphutha, futhi kusesikhathini futhi kufanelekile ngokwesiko.

Lapho ufuna izinsizakalo zokuhumusha, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi onerekhodi elibanzi emkhakheni. Eck ulwazi lwabo kanye nesipiliyoni ulimi, kanye nezindlela zabo. Ukusebenza nomhlinzeki wesevisi ofanelekayo nonolwazi kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhumusha kwenziwa ngokunembile nangendlela ecabangela ukuzwela kwamasiko. Isevisi enhle yokuhumusha izosiza futhi ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi okuqukethwe kusendaweni futhi kufanelekile kubabukeli ababhekiswe kubo.

Ekuphetheni, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezisebenza ngokuzikhandla zinikeza ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi kwezilaleli ezikhuluma isicatalan nezingakhulumi isicatalan. Abahumushi abanolwazi nabanolwazi bangasiza amabhizinisi ukuba afinyelele futhi ahlanganyele ezimakethe ezihlosiwe, kanye nokufeza izibopho zawo zomthetho. Ekugcineni, ukulandela amathiphu angenhla kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuhumusha okuphumelelayo nokunembile.

Yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa ecatalan?

Isicatalan sikhulunywa emazweni amaningana, kuhlanganise Nespain, I-Andorra Nefrance. Yaziwa nangokuthi Ivalencian kwezinye izingxenye Zomphakathi Wasevalencian. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isicatalan sikhulunywa emadolobheni azimele Aseceuta Nasemelilla Enyakatho Afrika, Naseziqhingini Zasebalearic.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesicatalan?

Ulimi lwesicatalan lunomlando omude futhi ohlukahlukene, kusukela ngekhulu le-10. Luwulimi Lwesiromance, okusho ukuthi lwavela olimini lwesilatini, futhi lusuka engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yenhlonhlo Yaseiberia. Isicatalan sasiwulimi Lomqhele Wase-Aragon, owawuhlanganisa izingxenye zefrance yanamuhla, I-Italy Nespain kusukela ngekhulu le-11 kuya kwele-15. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi ulimi lwasakazekela eningizimu nasempumalanga kuyo yonke le ndawo.
Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, isicatalan siye sathonywa kakhulu ezinye izilimi ezihlanganisa isifulentshi, ispanishi nesintaliyane. Ngenkathi Ephakathi, kwakuwulimi olusemthethweni Lombuso Wasemallorca futhi lwaba ulimi oluthandwayo ezinkantolo Zasecatalonia Nase-Aragon. Yayisetshenziswa nasezindaweni ezithile Zasevalencia Naseziqhingini Zasebalearic. Ngenxa yalokho, lolu limi lwakwazi ukulondoloza izici zalo eziyingqayizivele nakuba lwalusebenzise izici zezinye izilimi.
Ekhulwini le-18, lapho Amabourbon ethatha izintambo kule ndawo, isicatalan sathathelwa indawo ispanishi njengolimi olusemthethweni futhi kwathiwa asikho emthethweni ezingxenyeni ezithile zale ndawo. Lokhu kwenqatshelwa kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu le-19 futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lolu limi luye lwaphinde lwathandwa. Manje lolu limi selubhekwa njengolimi olusemthethweni Espain Nasefrance, futhi luye lwavuselelwa emashumini eminyaka amuva.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesicatalan?

1. Ujaume II Wase-Aragon (12671327): wahlanganisa isicatalan nezinye izilimi nezilimi Zasenhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, wakha umanduleli wesicatalan sanamuhla.
2. Upompeu fabra (18681948): Ngokuvamile obizwa ngokuthi "uyise wesicatalan sanamuhla", Ufabra wayengusosayensi wezilimi ovelele owahlela futhi wahlela uhlelo lolimi.
3. Ujoan Coromines (18931997): Ucoromines wabhala isichazamazwi esiphelele solimi lwesicatalan, esihlala siyincwadi ebalulekile namuhla.
4. Usalvador Espriu( 1913-1985): U-Espriu wayengumbongi, umbhali wemidlalo, nomlobi wezindaba owasiza ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwesicatalan ezincwadini.
5. Ugabriel ferrater (1922-1972): Uferrater wayengumbongi nomlobi wezindatshana izingoma zakhe eziye zaba yizimpawu ezivelele zesiko lasecatalan.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesicatalan sakhiwa kanjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesicatalan silandela ukuhleleka kwamagama kwe-svo (Isihloko-Isenzo-Into). Luwulimi olwenziwe, okusho ukuthi igama ngalinye lingadlulisela ukwaziswa okuningi kohlelo lolimi. Izici eziyinhloko ze-morphology yolimi zihlanganisa ubulili, inombolo kanye nokuvumelana kwesimo. Kunezinhlobo ezine zokuhlanganiswa kwamazwi, ezakha amapharadigm ngamazwi kuye ngomuntu, inombolo, isici, nesimo sengqondo. Kukhona nezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zamagama: okuchazayo nokungachazeki. Amagama anqunyiwe anezihloko ezicacile, kuyilapho amagama angenqunyiwe engenayo.

Indlela ukufunda ulimi Catalan ngendlela efanele kunazo?

1. Thola incwadi enhle yolimi lwesicatalan noma inkambo eku – inthanethi-Bheka okuthile okuhlanganisa izinto eziyisisekelo zohlelo lolimi nolwazimagama, futhi unezibonelo nokuzivocavoca ukukusiza uzijwayeze.
2. Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ulimi-Sebenzisa app mobile like duolingo, enikeza saqala-level catalan izifundo futhi isebenzisa imidlalo ukukusiza ufunde.
3. Buka catalan films-ukubukela films in Catalan kuyindlela enkulu ukuze uthole izindlebe zakho ujwayelene ulimi.
4. Funda ngesicatalan-Zama ukuthola izincwadi, omagazini, noma amaphephandaba ezibhalwe ngesicatalan, ngisho noma nje ufunda amakhasi ambalwa, kungakusiza pick up amagama amasha nemishwana.
5. Lalela izikhulumi bomdabu - kukhona podcasts eziningi, imibukiso yomsakazo, nezinhlelo TV atholakalayo Catalan ngakho sebenzisa kubo ukukusiza uthole pronunciation yakho ilungelo.
6. Prakthiza ukukhuluma-indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi iwukuba empeleni ukuyisebenzisa. Kunemiphakathi eminingi ekhuluma isicatalan emhlabeni wonke ngakho-ke kufanele kube lula ukuthola umuntu ozozijwayeza naye!

Isitajik, noma Isitajiki, siwulimi olukhulunywa E-Asia Ephakathi Nasempumalanga Ephakathi. Luwulimi Lwesi-Indo-Iranian, oluhlobene kakhulu nesipheresiya kodwa olunezici zalo ezihlukile. Etajikistan, ulimi olusemthethweni, futhi lukhulunywa futhi yizinhlanga Ezincane Ekazakhstan, E-Uzbekistan, e-Afghanistan Naserussia. Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo, kunesidingo esandayo sokuhunyushelwa olimini lwesitajik.

Ukuhumusha ngesitajik kuyinkonzo ebalulekile kumabhizinisi nakubantu ngabanye. Kumabhizinisi, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ngesitajik zinikeza ukufinyelela ezimakethe ezintsha, okwenza izinkampani zikwazi ukuxhumana ngempumelelo nabanye emkhakheni wazo. Lokhu kuyasiza ikakhulukazi kulabo abahileleke ekuhwebeni nasekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zingasetshenziselwa nokwenza lula ukuxhumana phakathi kweminyango kahulumeni, ukusiza izinhlangano zomphakathi nezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ukuba zihlale ziphendule futhi zisebenza.

Abantu bangase badinge ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zomhumushi lapho befaka isicelo somsebenzi noma lapho befuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Amabhizinisi ahlanganyela ekumaketheni nge-inthanethi angase futhi akuthole kuwusizo ukusebenzisa ukuhunyushwa kokuqukethwe kwewebhusayithi nezinto zokukhangisa ngesitajik.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zobungcweti lapho uhumusha phakathi kwanoma yiziphi izilimi ezimbili. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe banolwazi ngezilimi eziningi futhi bayaziqonda izincazelo zolimi ngalunye. Ziqinisekisa ukunemba, ukucaciseleka, nokufundeka ezinguqulweni zazo. Umhumushi onguchwepheshe naye uyaqaphela noma yiliphi igama elishintshayo, elibalulekile ukuze kube nokunemba.

Abahumushi abaqinisekisiwe bayigugu kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni izilimi ezingenazo izindinganiso ezithuthuke kahle. Bangakwazi ukuhumusha imibhalo ngokunembile nangendlela ezokwamukelwa abokufika nezinye izinsizakalo zikahulumeni. Ngokuvamile kudingeka izinguqulo eziqinisekisiwe ukuze zisetshenziswe emanyuvesi nasezinjongweni zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe.

Uma udinga tajik translation services, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa, professional. Khetha umhumushi onolwazi emkhakheni wakho othile futhi angakwazi ukuletha ngesikhathi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola izinga lomsebenzi wabo, njengoba izinguqulo eziningi ziqukethe amaphutha. Ucwaningo ngokucophelela kanye nokubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende kungakusiza uthole umhumushi ongamethemba.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesitajik olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi lwesitajik lukhulunywa kakhulu Etajikistan, E-Afghanistan, e-Uzbekistan Nasekyrgyzstan. Kukhulunywa futhi abantu abancane Erussia, Eturkey, Epakistan, e-Iran nakwamanye amazwe ayengaphansi Kwesoviet.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesitajik?

Isitajik inguqulo yesimanje yolimi lwesipheresiya olukhulunywa e-Iran nase-Afghanistan. Ngokuyinhloko iyinhlanganisela yezilimi zolimi lwesipheresiya kanye nomanduleli walo, isipheresiya Esiphakathi (esaziwa nangokuthi Ipahlavi). Futhi iye yathonywa kakhulu ezinye izilimi, kuhlanganise nesirashiya, isingisi, Isimandarin, Isihindi, isi-Uzbek, isiturkmen nezinye. Ulimi lwesitajik lwanamuhla lwaqala ukusungulwa ngekhulu lesi-8 ad, lapho izizwe zasempumalanga Iran, ezafika kule ndawo ngemuva kokunqotshwa Kwepheresiya Ngama-Arabhu, zamukela lolu limi futhi zaqala ukulusebenzisa empilweni yazo yansuku zonke. Ekhulwini lesi-9, idolobha Lasebukhara laba inhloko-dolobha yombuso Wamasamanid, owawuwumbuso wokuqala okhuluma isipheresiya E-Asia Ephakathi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isiko nezincwadi kwachuma kule ndawo, futhi ulimi olukhulunywayo lwalesi sifunda kancane kancane lwaba yilokho manje esikwaziyo ngokuthi isitajik.
Ekhulwini lama-20, ulimi lwesitajik lwahlanganiswa ngokusemthethweni futhi lwafakwa ezinhlelweni zezifundo zezikole. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, liye laba ulimi olubalulekile esifundeni Sase-Asia ephakathi. Ulimi luye lwaqhubeka lukhula, futhi eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwanezelwa amagama amasha esichazamazwini. Namuhla, isitajik siwulimi olusemthethweni Etajikistan futhi sikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7, ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezwe.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesitajik?

1. U-Abdulmejid dzhuraev-isazi, umbhali noprofesa wolimi lwesitajik owaba nesandla ekumisweni kwalo kwanamuhla.
2. Umirzo tursunzoda-imbongi edumile, usopolitiki nombhali Wasetajikistan owaziwa ngendima yakhe ekwandiseni ulimi nezincwadi zasetajikistan.
3. Usadriddin aini-umbhali ovelele wasetajikistan omsebenzi wakhe uyingxenye ebalulekile yefa lezincwadi lasetajikistan.
4. U-Akhmadjon mahmudov-umbhali, isazi sezilimi, nesazi esasiza ekuvumelaniseni izinkambiso zokubhala zesimanje zasetajikistan.
5. Umuhammadjon Sharipov-imbongi nomlobi wezindaba ovelele owasiza ekwakheni ulimi lwesitajik ngemisebenzi yakhe.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesitajik sinjani?

Ulimi lwesitajik lungolwegatsha lase-Iran lomkhaya wezilimi Zase-Indo-Europe. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: ulimi oludala Lwase-Iran, olubonakala ngohlelo lwamagama oluhlanganisa ubulili obuthathu, nezilimi Zase-Asia Ephakathi, ezibonakala ngohlelo lwamagama oluhlanganisa ubulili obubili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu limi luhlanganisa izici zesi-arabhu, isipheresiya nezinye izilimi, okubonisa ukwehluka kwamasiko.. Ulimi lwesitajik lunesakhiwo sokuhlaziya-synthetic, okusho ukuthi luthembele kakhulu ekuhlelweni kwamagama kanye namadivayisi wokubhala afana nokuphela kwecala kunase-morphology yokuguquguquka. Ukuhleleka kwamagama kubaluleke kakhulu ngesitajik; imisho iqala ngesihloko bese iphela ngesisho.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Tajik ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngokuthola incwadi enhle yolimi lwesitajik noma inkambo eku-inthanethi. Makeiseka ukuthi ihlanganisa uhlelo lolimi, ukufunda, ukubhala, ukukhuluma nokulalela.
2. Lalela tajik audio okuqoshiwe futhi ubuke amavidiyo Tajik. Makeiseka ukugxila pronunciation bese uzama ukulingisa it.
3. Start ukufunda imibhalo elula Tajik. Zama ukuqagela incazelo amazwi angajwayelekile futhi sibheke pronunciation kanye nezincazelo zalawo mazwi.
4. Prakthiza ukukhuluma Tajik nge izikhulumi bomdabu. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amawebhusayithi okuhwebelana ngezilimi Njenge-Italki noma I-Conversation Exchange. Ungase futhi ujoyine club tajik ulimi noma course.
5. Prakthiza ukubhala Tajik usebenzisa amathuluzi online like iTranslate noma Google Translate.
6. Ekugcineni, zibekele imigomo njalo ukugcina isisusa sakho okusezingeni bese ulandelele intuthuko yakho.