Isimalagasy Isijalimane Humusha

Isimalagasy siwulimi Lwasemalayo-Polynesia olukhulunywa abantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-17 olukhulunywa ikakhulukazi ezweni Lase-Afrika imadagascar. Ngenxa yalokho, isidingo sezinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezisezingeni Eliphakeme Zesimalagasy siye sakhula eminyakeni yamuva.

Ukuhunyushwa kwemibhalo nezinye izinto zisuka Olimini Lwesimalagasy ziye esingisini, noma okuphambene nalokho, kungaba nzima ngenxa yama-nuances olimi. Nakuba lo msebenzi kudinga ezingeni eliphezulu ubuchwepheshe, kukhona amanye amathiphu angakusiza ukuba uthole best translation services Malagasy izidingo zakho.

Into yokuqala okufanele uyicabangele lapho ufuna umhumushi Wasemadagascar yilokho ababhekana nakho. Ngokufanelekile, kungcono ukukhetha umuntu ongakhulumi kahle izilimi zombili kuphela kodwa futhi onolwazi lokuhumusha ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, njengezomthetho, ezokwelapha, ezezimali, noma ezobuchwepheshe. Umhlinzeki wokuhumusha onolwazi uyokwazi ukubamba ngokunembile amandla nobuciko bolimi Lwesimalagasy olimini okuhloswe ngalo.

Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa izinsizakalo Zokuhumusha Zesimalagasy izindleko. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuthola umhumushi wasemadagascar ongabizi; kodwa, kunezixazululo ezithile ezingakusiza ukuba wenze umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuphula ibhange. Ngokwesibonelo, abahlinzeki abaningi bezinsizakalo zokuhumusha banikeza amaphakheji entengo ebekiwe noma izaphulelo kuma-oda amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha inkonzo yokuhumusha ezenzakalelayo nakho kungaba yindlela enhle yokonga isikhathi nemali.

Ekugcineni, lapho ukhetha inkonzo yokuhumusha, kubalulekile ukunaka ukunemba komsebenzi wabo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umhumushi unolwazi kangakanani, uma ukuhumusha kungabonisi ngokunembile okuqukethwe ulimi lomthombo, ngeke kube usizo ngenjongo ehlosiwe. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokuhumusha, kunconywa ukuba ufune umhlinzeki onomlando wamaphrojekthi aphumelelayo nokubuyekezwa okuhle.

Ngokuvamile, ukuthola izinsizakalo zokuhumusha Zesimalagasy ezifanele kungaba umsebenzi onzima; kodwa, ukusebenzisa amathiphu angenhla kungasiza ekwenzeni le nqubo ibe lula. With umhumushi ilungelo, ungaqiniseka a translation bushelelezi futhi olunembile imibhalo yakho.

Yiluphi ulimi Olukhulunywa Emadagascar?

Ulimi Lwesimalagasy lukhulunywa Emadagascar, Ecomoros Nasemayotte.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesimalagasy?

Ulimi Lwesimalagasy luwulimi lwase-Austronesia olukhulunywa Emadagascar Naseziqhingini Zasecomoros futhi luyilungu lezilimi Zasempumalanga Malayo-Polynesia. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi yahlukana nezinye izilimi Zasempumalanga Malayo-Polynesia cishe ngo-1000 ad, kwaba namathonya avela olimini lwesi-arabhu, isifulentshi nesingisi kulandela ukufika kwabahlali Baseyurophu. Umbhalo wokuqala owaziwayo watholakala emibhalweni yamatshe yekhulu lesi-6 ezindongeni Zerova Yase-Antananarivo futhi wabizwa ngokuthi "Imerina Protocapo" eyaqala ngekhulu le-12. Phakathi nekhulu le-18, kwenziwa imizamo eyengeziwe yokubhala Isimalagasy. Ulimi lwahlelwa ngekhulu le-19 ngaphansi kwegunya likarainilaiarivony Noandriamandisoarivo. Phakathi Nempi Yezwe II, ulimi Lwesimalagasy lwavinjelwa umbuso Wasevichy, kodwa kamuva lwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1959 lapho Imauritius, Iseychelles nemadagascar zithola inkululeko Efrance.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesimalagasy?

1. Ujean herembert Urandrianarimanana waziwa ngokuthi "uyise wezincwadi Zasemadagascar" futhi uvame ukubhekwa njengomuntu owenza ulimi Lwesimadagascar lube sesikhathini samanje. Wabhala ezinye zezincwadi zokuqala ngolimi futhi wakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwezemfundo nakwezinye izimo ezisemthethweni.
2. Uwilénèse raharilanto wayengumbhali nembongi ebhekwa njengomunye wabantu ababaluleke kakhulu ezincwadini zesimanje Zasemadagascar. Wayengummeli wokuqala wokusetshenziswa Kwesimalagasy kwezemfundo futhi wabhala izincwadi eziningana zokukhuthaza lolu limi.
3. Uraminiaina Andriamandimby Soavinarivo wayengusosayensi wezilimi, uthisha nothisha owabhala incwadi yokuqala yohlelo lolimi ngolimi Lwesimalagasy.
4. Uvictor razafimahatratra wayengusosayensi wezilimi onethonya noprofesa owabhala izincwadi eziningi ngohlelo lolimi lwesimalagasy nokusetshenziswa kwalo.
5. Umarius Etienne wayenguprofesa Wesimalagasy Enyuvesi Yase-Antananarivo owabhala izincwadi eziningana ngolimi nomlando walo.

Ulimi Lwesimalagasy lwakhiwa kanjani?

Isimalagasy siwulimi olusegatsheni lesimalayo-Polynesia lomndeni wezilimi Zase-Austronesia. Kukhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-25 esiqhingini Sasemadagascar naseziqhingini eziseduze.
Ulimi Lwesimalagasy lunendlela yokuguquguquka, okusho ukuthi amagama angashintsha isimo sawo kuye ngomsebenzi wawo wohlelo lolimi emshweni. Ulimi lunonkamisa abayisikhombisa abayinhloko nezinhlamvu zamagama eziyishumi nane, kanye nama-affix nokuziphindaphinda. I–syntax yayo ilandela ukuhleleka kwesihloko–isenzo-into (svo) okuvamile kwezinye izilimi eziningi zase-Austronesian.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Lwesimalagasy ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Gxila emasikweni Asemadagascar: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi iwukuzibandakanya nesiko elikuyo. Funa amathuba okuvakashela Emadagascar noma ukuya ezifundeni ezinabantu Basemadagascar ukuze uthole ukuqonda isiko nolimi lwabo.
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Uma ufuna indlela yokuxhumana namakhasimende aphesheya, noma uma udinga usizo ekuhumusheni idokhumenti ebalulekile kusuka esijalimane kuya esingisini, khona-ke izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesijalimane zingasiza. Isijalimane siwulimi olubalulekile Eyurophu, kokubili kwezamabhizinisi nakwezokuxhumana komuntu siqu. Kukhulunywa izigidi zabantu Ejalimane, e-Austria, Eswitzerland Naseluxembourg, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile zasebelgium, e-Italy, Efrance nakwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yalokho, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezinembile zesijalimane zifunwa kakhulu.

Uma kuziwa ezinsizakalweni zokuhumusha zesijalimane, kunezici eziningana okufanele zicatshangelwe. Okokuqala, kumelwe unqume injongo yokuhumusha bese ukhetha umhlinzeki wenkonzo yokuhumusha ongcono kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, idokhumenti engokomthetho iyodinga uhlobo oluhlukile lokuhumusha kunekhasi lasekhaya kuwebhusayithi. Umhlinzeki wesevisi yokuhumusha ohlonishwayo kufanele akwazi ukunikeza abahumushi abanolwazi ngohlobo oluthile lokuhumusha olukufunayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kokuhumusha nokwenziwa kwendawo. Ukuhumusha kuhilela ukudlulisela ngokunembile incazelo yombhalo kusuka kolunye ulimi kuya kolunye, kuyilapho ukuhumusha kubheka umehluko wesifunda nowamasiko ongase ube nengxenye ekuhumusheni.

Lapho ukhetha umhumushi wesijalimane, kubalulekile ukufuna umuntu onolwazi lokuhumusha imibhalo esuka esijalimane iye esingisini. Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezisebenza ngokuzikhandla kufanele zihlanganise ukuhlola nokuhlela okuyisisekelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi idokhumenti ehunyushiwe isalungile, icacile, futhi ihambisana nomthombo wokuqala. Lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi yokuhumusha, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinkomba neziqu, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umhumushi ujwayelene nezilimi zesijalimane kanye nama-colloquialisms.

Uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni imibhalo yesijalimane, kubalulekile futhi ukunaka noma yiziphi izidingo ezithile zokufometha. Uma idokhumenti ihlanganisa ukufometha okukhethekile, njengamatafula nohlu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zifomethiwe kahle ekuhumusheni. Lokhu kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukwaziswa kuvezwa ngokucacile nangokufundeka enguqulweni ehunyushiwe.

Ngokuthatha isikhathi sokukhetha izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezifanele zesijalimane, amabhizinisi angaqinisekisa ukuthi imibhalo yawo ihunyushwa ngokunembile futhi agweme amaphutha abizayo. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe abanolwazi ekuhumusheni isijalimane nesingisi bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi imibhalo ihunyushwa ngokucacile nangokunemba, okusiza ukwenza lula ukuxhumana okusebenzayo namakhasimende nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo isijalimane?

Isijalimane siwulimi olusemthethweni Ejalimane, e-Austria, Eswitzerland, Eliechtenstein, Eluxembourg Naseningizimu tyrol e-Italy. Futhi ulimi olusemthethweni Ebelgium (Esifundeni Saseflemish), Enorth rhine-westphalia, nakwezinye izingxenye Zasejalimane. Isijalimane sikhulunywa nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zasempumalanga Yurophu, Njenge-Alsace Nelorraine Efrance, ezifundazweni ezithile Epoland, Eningizimu Jutland Edenmark, Esilesia eczech Republic, nakwezinye izindawo ezisemngceleni Enetherlands Nasehungary. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isijalimane siwulimi oluncane olwaziwayo ezingxenyeni Ezithile Zase-Italy, Eromania, Ekazakhstan Nasenamibia.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesijalimane?

Ulimi lwesijalimane luyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Indo-European futhi lungolunye lwezilimi ezindala Kunazo Zonke Eyurophu. Kukholakala ukuthi livela Olimini Lwesijalimane sokuqala, ulimi lwasendulo olwalukhulunywa abantu Basejalimane Basenyakatho Yurophu. Ngekhulu lesi-2 ad, lase likhule laba izilimi eziningana ezihlukene, ezaqhubeka ziguquka phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.
Ekhulwini lesi-9, izizwe Zamajalimane zahlanganiswa Ngaphansi Kukacharlemagne futhi ulimi lwazo lwaqala ukuvela njengendlela evamile yokuxhumana. Ngekhulu le-11, izinhlobo ezimbili zesijalimane Esidala Esiphakeme zavela njengolimi oluyinhloko lwezincwadi, izincwadi, namasiko; isijalimane Esiphakeme Esiphakathi ezifundeni eziphezulu Zaserhine Nase-Upper saxony, nesijalimane Esiphakeme Ebavariya nase-Austria.
Ekhulwini le-14, ukusungulwa kokunyathelisa nokwanda komshini wokunyathelisa kwasiza ekuvumelaniseni ulimi futhi kwaholela ekushicilelweni kwemisebenzi efana ne - "Grimm' s law", eyasungula imithetho yokubhala nokukhuluma ulimi.
Phakathi nenkathi yokuhlola nokukhanyiselwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwesijalimane sanamuhla kwaqala ngokwethula amagama amasha nohlelo lolimi olwenziwe lula. Ekhulwini le-19, ulimi lwesijalimane lwahlanganiswa, izilimi zesijalimane Esiphakathi nesiphezulu zaba ulimi olusemthethweni kuleli zwe. Lolu limi luyaqhubeka lukhula futhi lukhula nanamuhla futhi lungolunye lwezilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu emhlabeni.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesijalimane?

1. Umartin luther (14831546): Umartin luther wayephethe ukudala isisekelo solimi lwesijalimane lwanamuhla ngokuhumushela Ibhayibheli olimini lwesijalimane nokuthuthukisa uhlobo olusha lokubhala olwalusebenzisa izilimi ezimbili eziyinhloko zesijalimane ngaleso sikhathi: isijalimane Esiphakeme Nesisaxon Esiphansi. Ithonya lakhe lisazwakala nanamuhla ekwakhiweni nasekubhalweni kolimi lwesijalimane.
2. Ujohann wolfgang Von Goethe (17491832): Ugoethe wayengumbongi odumile, umbhali wemidlalo yaseshashalazini, nombhali wamanoveli owasebenza ukuhlanganisa izilimi ezihlukahlukene zesijalimane zibe ulimi olulodwa olujwayelekile. Wabuye wasungula amagama amaningi esijalimane "engokuthi "schadenfreude", "weltschmerz", nelithi "landsknecht". Kuze kube namuhla, imisebenzi yakhe isafundwa abantu abakhuluma isijalimane emhlabeni wonke.
3. Uheinrich himmler (19001945): Uhimmler wayeyisikhulu esinamandla Samanazi esaba negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesijalimane. Wayedume ngokuqamba amagama amasha nokunikeza amadala izincazelo ezintsha ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ayavumelana nemibono Yamanazi, ngaleyo ndlela eqinisekisa ukuthi yayiyohlala isikhathi eside ngisho nangemva kokuwa kombuso.
4. U-Ulrich Ammon (1937-2006): U-Ammon wayengusosayensi wezilimi owafunda ukuthuthukiswa kolimi lwesijalimane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Wabhala izincwadi zohlelo lolimi nezincwadi, wasungula inhlangano Ideutsche Sprache E. V., futhi wakhonza njengomongameli Wenhlangano Yokucwaninga Kwezesayensi Nokubhalwa Kolimi lwesijalimane kusukela ngo-1982-2006.
5. Ufritz (Frederic) kempe (1945 -): Kempe uyisazi sezilimi sasejalimane esenze iminikelo ebalulekile olimini lwesijalimane, ikakhulukazi ngokuya nge-syntax. Ubhale izincwadi eziningi nge-syntax yesijalimane futhi imibono yakhe ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni ulimi lwesijalimane lufundiswa kanjani ezikoleni.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesijalimane sinjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesijalimane singachazwa njengolimi lokuhlanganiswa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isebenzisa izakhi zezilimi zokuhlaziya nezokwenziwa, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni kwayo, ubuningi, nokwehla okwakhiwa ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningi zamagama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isijalimane sinezimo ezine eziyinhloko (isimelabizo, isimelabizo, isimelabizo, nesimelabizo), futhi izenzi zihlanganiswa ngokomuntu, inombolo, nesimo sengqondo.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesijalimane ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Gxila: indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda isijalimane ukucwilisa wena kuyo ngangokunokwenzeka. Yenza umzamo wokuxhumana nabantu ngesijalimane, ubuke ithelevishini namafilimu asejalimane, futhi ulalele umsakazo wasejalimane. Chitha isikhathi nabantu abakhuluma isijalimane futhi baxoxe nabo ngesijalimane.
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