Isislovak Isi-georgia Humusha

Ukuhumusha ngesislovak kuwumkhuba wokuhumusha ulimi olubhaliwe noma olukhulunywayo kusuka kolunye ulimi kuya kolunye. Kuyinkambu ekhethekile kakhulu, futhi idinga ulwazi oluningi nobuchwepheshe. Isislovak siwulimi olusemthethweni Eslovakia, ngakho noma yimuphi umbhalo noma ukuxhumana okufanele kuhunyushwe kufanele kunamathele ezindinganisweni eziphakeme kakhulu zokunemba nobuchwepheshe.

Inqubo yokuhumusha ngesislovak iqala ngokukhethwa komhumushi ofanelekayo ukuze aqedele umsebenzi. Umhumushi kumelwe abe nolwazi oluhle ngolimi lomthombo nolimi okubhekiswe kulo, futhi kumelwe futhi ajwayelane nemininingwane ehlukile yamasiko nezilimi ezihlobene nesislovak. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhumushi kumelwe akwazi ukuhumusha ngokunembile umyalezo ohlosiwe womthombo.

Lapho umhumushi ofanele esekhethiwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo siwukuthi baqale ukuhumushela ukwaziswa okuyisisekelo olimini okuhloswe ngalo. Kuye ngokuthi umbhalo uyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani, lokhu kungathatha imizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni amaningana. Kwezinye izimo, umhumushi kungase kudingeke ukuba axhumane nochwepheshe wolimi noma isiko ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ukuhumusha kunembile futhi kuphelele.

Lapho ukuhumusha sekuqediwe, kubalulekile ukuba umhumushi ahlole umsebenzi wakhe ukuze abone ukuthi awunembile yini. Lokhu kusho ukufunda umbhalo izikhathi eziningi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi wonke amaqiniso, izibalo, ngisho nemininingwane emincane idluliselwa kahle. Umhumushi kufanele futhi aqaphele ukungaqondakali nokungalungi okungenzeka emthonjeni, futhi enze noma yikuphi ukulungiswa okudingekayo.

Ukuhumusha ngesislovak kungaba umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ozuzisayo. Ngolwazi olufanele nobuchwepheshe, umhumushi ofanelekayo anganikeza izinguqulo ezingenaphutha futhi aholele ekuxhumaneni okuphumelelayo phakathi kwamasiko amabili ahlukene.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo isislovak?

Ulimi lwesislovak lukhulunywa kakhulu Eslovakia, kodwa lungatholakala nakwamanye amazwe kuhlanganise Ne-Austria, Iczech Republic, Ihungary, Ipoland, Iserbia Ne-Ukraine.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesislovak?

Isislovak siwulimi Lwasentshonalanga Slavic futhi sinemvelaphi yaso Kuproto-Slavic, eyaqala ngekhulu lesi-5 ad. Phakathi Nenkathi Ephakathi, isislovak saqala ukukhula saba ulimi lwaso oluhlukile futhi sathonywa kakhulu izilimi zesilatini, isiczech nesijalimane. Ngekhulu le-11, Isislavonic Esidala Sesonto sase siphenduke ulimi oluvamile Lwaseslovakia futhi sahlala sinjalo kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-19. Maphakathi nawo-1800, kwaqala ukuhlelwa kabusha kweslovak futhi kwasungulwa uhlelo lolimi oluhlanganisiwe nokupela amagama. Ngo-1843, U-Anton bernolák wanyathelisa inguqulo yolimi ehleliwe, kamuva eyaziwa ngokuthi I-Bernolák Standard. Lolu hlelo lwavuselelwa futhi lwabuyekezwa izikhathi eziningana phakathi nekhulu le-19, ekugcineni lwaholela eslovak yanamuhla esetshenziswa namuhla.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesislovak?

1. Uludovít Štúr (1815 1856): isazi sezilimi saseslovak, umbhali nosopolitiki owayengumuntu obalulekile ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwesizwe Saseslovakia ngekhulu le - 19. Wasungula indinganiso yokuqala yolimi lwesislovak eyaziwa Ngokuthi Ulimi Lukaljudovít Štúr.
2. Upavol dobšinský (1827 1885): imbongi yaseslovak, umbhali wemidlalo kanye nomlobi wephrozi omsebenzi wakhe wadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwanamuhla lwezincwadi zaseslovak.
3. Ujozef miloslav hurban (18171886): umbhali waseslovak, imbongi nomshicileli owayengumsekeli wokuqala wobunikazi besizwe saseslovak. Imisebenzi yakhe, kuhlanganise nezinkondlo nezinoveli zomlando, yasiza ekwakheni ukuthuthukiswa kolimi lwesislovak lwanamuhla.
4. U-Anton bernolák (1762 1813): isazi sezilimi saseslovak nompristi owasungula uhlobo lokuqala oluhlanganisiwe lwesislovak sanamuhla, alubiza Ngokuthi Ulimi Lukabernolák.
5. Umartin hattala (1910 1996): isazi sezilimi saseslovak kanye nesazi sezichazamazwi esabhala isichazamazwi sokuqala saseslovak futhi sabhala kabanzi ngohlelo lolimi lwesislovak nokwakheka kwamagama.

Ulimi lwesislovak lunesakhiwo esingakanani?

Isakhiwo sesislovak sisekelwe kakhulu kwezinye izilimi Zesislavic, njengesiczech nesirashiya. Landela i-syntax yesihloko-isenzo-into futhi inohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokwehla kwegama, ukuhlanganiswa kwesenzo, nokumaka icala. Luwulimi olushintshashintshayo, olunezimo eziyisikhombisa nobulili obubili. Isislovak sinezici ezihlukahlukene zomlomo, kanye nezikhathi ezimbili (zamanje nezangesikhathi esidlule). Njengakwezinye izilimi zesislavic, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lolimi zamagama zithathwe emsukeni owodwa.

Indlela ukufunda ulimi Slovak ngendlela efanele kunazo?

1. Thenga incwadi Slovak course kanye workbook. Lokhu kuyoba umthombo wakho oyinhloko wamagama, uhlelo lolimi, namasiko.
2. Sebenzisa imithombo eku-inthanethi. I-YouTube inamavidiyo amaningi amahhala afundisa isislovak atholakala mahhala. Kukhona futhi amawebhusayithi amaningi anikeza izivivinyo nezinye izinto zokufunda.
3. Cabanga ngokuthatha amakilasi. Uma ukhuluma iqiniso ngokufunda ulimi, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda ngempela izisho zendawo iwukuba nokuxhumana njalo nesikhulumi sendawo esingakunikeza impendulo futhi sikuqondise kule nqubo.
4. Prakthiza ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungazijwayeza ukukhuluma nokulalela ngokuba nezingxoxo nezikhulumi zomdabu noma ukuthola umlingani wokushintshana ngolimi. Sebenzisa amabhayisikobho, IMIBUKISO TV nezingoma in Slovak ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho ukufunda nokulalela.
5. Zicwilise emasikweni. Zama ukufunda ngokuphila kwansuku zonke Slovak, amasiko, amaholide nokuningi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba uqonde kangcono ulimi oluvamile nemishwana yendawo.
6. Ungadikibali. Ukufunda olunye ulimi akuwona umsebenzi olula, kodwa kungenziwa. Beka imigomo enengqondo futhi unamathele kubo. Uma uzithola ukhungathekile, thatha ikhefu ubuyele kuwo kamuva.

Ulimi lwesigeorgia lungolunye lwezilimi ezindala kakhulu ezibhaliwe nezikhulunywayo esifundeni Sasecaucasus. Inohlelo lwayo lolimi futhi yaziwa ngohlelo lwayo lolimi oluyinkimbinkimbi nangohlelo lwayo lokuhlanganisa izinto oluyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhumusha ngesigeorgia kuyinkonzo ebalulekile kubantu emhlabeni wonke abafuna ukuxhumana Nabantu basegeorgia ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko.

Izinguqulo zesigeorgia zidinga umhumushi onolwazi njengoba kunzima ukuba abantu bangaphandle baluqonde lolu limi. Abahumushi abangochwepheshe basegeorgia kumelwe babe namakhono amahle kakhulu okubhala nokuqonda ngokujulile isiko nezilimi Zasegeorgia. Kumelwe futhi bakwazi ukuveza ngokunembile incazelo yamagama ngendlela ebhaliwe nekhulunywayo.

Lapho uhumusha phakathi kwesigeorgia nezinye izilimi, ukunemba kubalulekile. Ukuhumusha okuhle kufanele kucabangele ama-nuances nomongo wombhalo, ukuze kucace futhi kuqondwe. Umhumushi onguchwepheshe uyogcina izinkomba zamasiko nezinkulumo zisondelene ngangokunokwenzeka nombhalo wokuqala.

Ukuhumusha kusuka olimini lwesigeorgia kuya kwezinye izilimi kuyinselele njengoba kunamagama amaningi olimini angekho kwezinye izilimi. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ehumusha esuka olimini lwesigeorgia eya esingisini, umhumushi kumelwe athole igama noma inkulumo yesingisi efanele eveza kangcono incazelo yegama lesigeorgia ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubuqotho balo. Lokhu kungaba nzima ngoba ezinye izinkulumo zesigeorgia azinalo igama elifanayo kwezinye izilimi.

Njengoba isigeorgia singelona ulimi olukhulunywa kabanzi, kungaba nzima ukuthola inguqulo yesigeorgia esezingeni eliphakeme. Kubalulekile ukusebenza ne-ejensi yokuhumusha enedumela elihle noma umhumushi onolwazi futhi ofanelekayo ukunikeza izinguqulo ezinembile zesigeorgia.

Ngokuqonda ubunzima bolimi lwesigeorgia, umhumushi onguchwepheshe anganikeza inguqulo esezingeni eliphakeme ethatha ingqikithi yombhalo futhi ethembekile encazelweni yokuqala. Ngosizo umhumushi georgian abanolwazi, ungakwazi ukuqinisekisa imigomo nezinkulumo esetshenziswa idokhumenti yakho zinembile futhi kucace.

Yiluphi ulimi lwesigeorgia olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi lwesigeorgia lukhulunywa Kakhulu Egeorgia, nakwezinye izingxenye zesifunda Sasecaucasus, Njenge-Azerbaijan, I-Armenia Nerussia. Kukhulunywa Naseturkey, E-Iran, Esiriya nasegrisi.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesigeorgia?

Ulimi lwesigeorgia luwulimi Lwesikartvelian olukhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-4 ikakhulukazi Egeorgia. Ulimi olusemthethweni Lwasegeorgia futhi lusetshenziswa njengolimi oluvamile kulo lonke Elasecaucasus. Umlando wolimi lwesigeorgia ungahle uhlehlele emuva ekhulwini lesi-4 ad, lapho kwakhiwa khona izinhlamvu zokuqala zesigeorgia, ezibizwa Ngokuthi I-Asomtavruli. Lolu alu lwalulandelwa uhlelo Lolimi Lwesimkhedruli olusasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Phakathi nekhulu lesi-9, Abantu Basegeorgia baqala ukusebenzisa indlela yokubhala yase-armenia. Kamuva, isigeorgia samukela uhlobo lwesigeorgia lwezinhlamvu zamagama zesigreki ngekhulu le-19. Phakathi nenkathi Yamasoviet, lolu limi lwalufundiswa ezikoleni ezweni lonke, kanye nesirashiya. Ngemva kokuwa kwesoviet Union, ukusetshenziswa kwesigeorgia kwanda kakhulu, futhi ulimi luye lwathandwa kakhulu.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesigeorgia?

1. U-Ivane Javakhishvili Isazi Sezilimi nesazi esabeka isisekelo sezincwadi zesimanje zasegeorgia.
2. Ugiorgi merchule-Isazi esakha indlela yokubhala yesigeorgia yanamuhla.
3. U-Akaki tsereteli-Imbongi nomuntu owaziwayo owafaka imisebenzi eminingi yasentshonalanga olimini lwesigeorgia.
4. Usulkhan - saba Orbeliani - Imbongi nesazi sezilimi esathuthukisa ukucebile kolimi lwesigeorgia ngokwethula amagama angaphandle, izinkulumo namagama ezincwadi.
5. Ugrigol Peradze-Isazi umsebenzi waso wohlelo lolimi lwesigeorgia owaba isisekelo sezifundo zolimi zanamuhla.

Ulimi lwesigeorgia lwakhiwa kanjani?

Ulimi lwesigeorgia luwulimi oluhlanganisa amagama, okusho ukuthi lusebenzisa izijobelelo (izijobelelo nezijobelelo) ukuze kwakheke amagama. Futhi inohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwebizo nesenzo, olunamaphethini avamile nawangajwayelekile okuguquguquka nawokuqhamuka. Isigeorgia sibhalwa ngezinhlamvu zaso, ezinamagama angu-33. Ulimi luphinde luhlukanise phakathi kwama-consonants aphefumulelwe nalawo angaphefumulelwe, okwenza kube olunye lwezilimi ezimbalwa ezenza kanjalo.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesigeorgia ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngezinto eziyisisekelo. Funda alphabet Georgian, pronunciation kanye nemithetho eyisisekelo lolimi. 2. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho ukulalela. Lalela izikhulumi bomdabu futhi abenza pronunciation yakho. 3. Yakha silulumagama yakho. Funda amagama alula, imishwana kanye nemisho. 4. Prakthiza ukufunda nokubhala. Sebenzisa izincwadi, izifundo online, omagazini noma amaphephandaba ngesigeorgia. 5. Ungakhohlwa ukukhuluma. Yiba nezingxoxo nezikhulumi zomdabu futhi usebenzise izinsiza zokufunda ulimi eziku-inthanethi. 6. Gxila emasikweni asegeorgia. Bukela amabhayisikobho, ulalele umculo, noma ufunde izincwadi ngesigeorgia.