Uzbek (Isicyrillic) Latin Guqulela

I-Uzbek lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwaseburhulumenteni E-Uzbekistan kwaye lithetha ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-25. Ulwimi Lwaseturkey, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu isebenzisa ialfabhethi yesicyrillic, endaweni yesilatini.

Ukuguqulela ukusuka kwisispanish ukuya kwezinye iilwimi kunokuba yinkohliso kuba igrama kunye nesivakalisi sesiuzbek zahluke kakhulu kwezo zisetyenziswa ngesingesi, ispanish kunye nezinye iilwimi Zaseyurophu. Abaguquleli kufuneka basebenzise isigama esikhethekileyo kwaye banikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiintsingiselo ezithile zamagama kunye namabinzana kwimeko yenkcubeko yaseuzbek.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-alfabhethi Yesicyrillic iqulethwe ngabalinganiswa abaninzi, ezinye zazo zibizwa ngokwahlukileyo kwi-Uzbek xa kuthelekiswa nendlela ezibizwa ngayo ngesirashiya. Ngokomzekelo, incwadi Yesicyrillic Ethi" Y "ibizwa ngokuthi" o "ngesiuzbek, ngoxa ngesirashiya ibizwa ngokuthi" oo.""Le ngongoma ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyikhumbule xa uguqulela ukusuka kwisingesi ukuya kwisingesi, kuba ukubizwa kakubi kwamagama kunokukhokelela ekungaqondani okukhulu.

Olunye ucelomngeni lokuguqulela ukusuka kwisingesi ukuya kwisingesi kunokuba sisakhiwo kunye nesitayile solwimi. I-Uzbek ihlala ilandela ulwakhiwo lwesivakalisi olwahlukileyo kwisingesi, ke umguquleli kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba udlulisa ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yomyalezo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kakhulu kuguqulelo lokoqobo.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngenxa yokungafani kwenkcubeko phakathi Kwe-Uzbekistan nakwamanye amazwe, amanye amagama kunye namabinzana angenakulingana ngesingesi. Ngesi sizathu, umguquleli kufuneka abe nokuqonda okunzulu kwenkcubeko yaseuzbek, kunye nolwazi lweelwimi zalo zengingqi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uguqulelo luhambisa intsingiselo ngqo yomyalezo wokuqala.

Isishwankathelo, inguqulelo yesiuzbek ngumsebenzi onzima ofuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo, izakhono kunye nengqwalaselo enkulu kwiinkcukacha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka. Ngendlela efanelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uvelise uguqulelo oluchanekileyo noluchanekileyo olubonisa ngokuchanekileyo umyalezo wombhalo womthombo.

Ziziphi Iilwimi zesiuzbek (Isicyrillic)?

I-Uzbek (Isicyrillic) ithethwa ikakhulu E-Uzbekistan Nasetajikistan, kwaye inezithethi ezincinci E-Afghanistan, Ekyrgyzstan Nasekazakhstan.

Uluphi ulwimi lwesiuzbek( Isicyrillic)?

I-Uzbek (Isicyrillic) lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa Ikakhulu E-Uzbekistan nakwicentral Asia. Ulwimi Olusemthethweni Lwaseuzbekistan kwaye lukwathethwa zezinye iintlanga ezincinci kulo mmandla. Ulwimi luneengcambu zalo kwinkulungwane ye-8 kunye nolwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa Yikarluks Kunye Ne-Usuns, kunye namanye amaqela ezizwe. Ebudeni benkulungwane ye-9, Ulwimi Lwesogdian lwaphakama lwaphakama kuloo mmandla ngaphambi kokuba ubukhulu becala luthatyathelw ' indawo lulwimi Lwaseturkey kwiinkulungwane eziliqela kamva.
Ngenkulungwane ye-14, ibinzana Elithi Uzbegistan lalisetyenziswa okokuqala ukubhekisela koko ngoko yayiliqela lezizwe ezingoonothwal ' impahlana zaseturkey. Ibinzana elithi 'Uzbek' nelithi 'Uzbeg' ngelo xesha lalisetyenziselwa ukuchonga ezi zizwe nolwimi oluthethwa ngazo. Olu lwimi lwaphuhliswa ukutyhubela iinkulungwane kwaye ekugqibeleni lwavela njengolwimi lwangoku lwesiuzbek esilwaziyo namhlanje.
Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-16 ukusa kweye-19, isipersi sasilolona lwimi lubalaseleyo lokubhala kulo mmandla. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-alfabhethi yesilatini yaziswa kunye neskripthi Sesiarabhu, esinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kolwimi lwesiuzbek lwangoku. Xa I-Soviet Union yayilawula I-Asia Ephakathi, isicyrillic yathatha indawo yesilatini njengesikripthi esisemthethweni kwaye ihlala iyinqaku eliphambili le-Uzbek namhlanje.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesiuzbek( Lwesicyrillic)?

1. Unarimon Umarov-Umbhali, Umphengululi, Kunye Nesoviet Linguist 2. Muhammad Salih-Uzbek Umbhali Kunye Nembongi 3. Abdulla Qurbonov-Umlawuli Wemidlalo Yeqonga kunye Nomlawuli Weqonga 4. Abdulla Aripov-Imbongi Kunye Nombhali Weprose 5. Mirzakhid Rakhimov - Umbhali Kunye Nomfanekiso Wezopolitiko

Uluphi ulwimi lwesiuzbek (Isicyrillic)?

Ulwimi lwesiuzbek lubhalwa ikakhulu Ngesicyrillic kwaye lolwaseturkey. Yinzala ngqo Yasechagatai, ulwimi Lweturkey lwamaxesha aphakathi olwasetyenziswa Kumbindi Weasia Nakumbindi Mpuma. Ulwimi lunezikhamiso ezisibhozo kunye namaqabane angama-29, kunye neediphthong ezahlukeneyo. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, apho amagama angatshatanga anokuqulatha izifinyezo ezininzi ezitshintsha intsingiselo kakhulu. Umyalelo wegama udla ngokuba ngumxholo-isenzi-isenzi, kwaye izivakalisi ziphawulwe ngamasuntswana. Kukwakho nenkqubo yokuhlonipha esetyenziswa xa kuthethwa nabantu abakwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwesiuzbek (Isicyrillic) ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngeziseko. Funda ialfabhethi, njengoko oku kubalulekile kulo naluphi na ulwimi lokufunda. Hlola ezinye iindawo Onokukhetha kuzo e-Uzbek Isicyrillic ukukunceda ukhumbule bonke abalinganiswa.
2. Funda igrama. Thatha ikhosi ekwi-intanethi okanye ujonge imigaqo eyahlukeneyo yegrama kwaye ufunde eyona ixhaphakileyo nebalulekileyo.
3. Sebenza kwizakhono zakho zokubiza kunye nokuphulaphula. Mamela iipodcasts kunye nezinye iiklip ezivakalayo ukuze uziqhelanise nokuqonda ummi waseuzbek ongumcyrillic. Phinda igama ngalinye ngokuvakalayo ukuze ufumane ukuqonda okungcono indlela yokubiza.
4. Ziqhelanise nezithethi zomthonyama. Zama ukufumana i-Uzbek-ukuthetha umhlobo okanye practice kwi-ulwimi-learning apps njenge HelloTalk Kwaye Italki, apho ikuvumela ukuba incoko kunye native speakers.
5. Qiniseka ukuba ufunda amagama amatsha kunye namabinzana yonke imihla. Gcina incwadi yamanqaku okanye usebenzise ii-apps zokufunda ulwimi ezinje Ngeduolingo kunye Nememrise yokufunda isigama esonwabisayo, esisebenzisanayo.
6. Sebenzisa ezinye izibonelelo. Sebenzisa iincwadi kunye neewebhusayithi ukukunceda uqonde ngcono ulwimi Lwesicyrillic kunye nenkcubeko, njenge-BBC Uzbek Kunye Ne-Uzbek Portal Yolwimi.

Inguqulelo yesilatini sisenzo esibuyela emva kumawaka eminyaka. Ibandakanya ukuguqulela isicatshulwa ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye, ngesiqhelo ukusuka kwisilatini ukuya kwisingesi okanye kolunye ulwimi lwanamhlanje. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, isilatini ibilulwimi lwabaphengululi, izazinzulu nababhali. Nanamhlanje, isilatini sidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi, njengomthetho, amayeza Necawa Yamakatolika.

Ukuqala iprojekthi yokuguqulela, umguquleli kufuneka achonge ulwimi lomthombo, oludla ngokuba sisilatini kwiiprojekthi zokuguqulela ezibandakanya isilatini. Emva koko, kufuneka baqonde kakuhle ulwimi lwesilatini. Oku kuquka ukwazi igrama nesivakalisi solwimi. Ngaphezu koko, umguquleli umele aluqonde kakuhle ulwimi abaluguqulela kulo. Oku kubandakanya ukwazi indlela yenkcubeko yolwimi ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ithoni kunye nentsingiselo yesicatshulwa sokuqala.

Nje ukuba ulwimi lomthombo luchongiwe kwaye umguquleli unezakhono eziyimfuneko, banokuqalisa uguqulelo. Kuxhomekeke kubunzima besicatshulwa sokuqala kunye nabaphulaphuli abajoliswe kuyo, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokuthi umguquleli athathe. Umzekelo, ukuba isicatshulwa siguqulelwa kubaphulaphuli ngokubanzi ngaphandle kokuqonda isilatini, umguquleli unokukhetha ukusebenzisa amagama anamhlanje kunye namagama endaweni yoogxa babo besilatini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izicatshulwa ezifuna ukuguqulelwa ngokusemthethweni, umguquleli unokukhetha ukuhlala ethembekile kumbhalo wesilatini.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba isilatini lulwimi oluntsonkothileyo. Inezinto ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo ezisenokungqineka zinzima kumguquleli ongaluqondi kakuhle ulwimi. Ngenxa yoko, kungcono ukushiya iinguqulelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zesilatini kumguquleli onamava kule nkalo.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu. Iinguqulelo kufuneka zidlulise ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yombhalo wokuqala ngaphandle kokulalanisa ithoni, isimbo, okanye umyalezo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa kuguqulelwa isilatini, njengoko iimpazamo zinokukhokelela ekudidekeni okanye ekunxibelelaneni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka, ukukhangela kunye nokujonga kabini umbhalo oguqulelweyo kubalulekile.

Uguqulelo sisakhono esithatha ixesha kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuqonda. Xa kuziwa ekuguquleleni isilatini, iingcali zihlala zilukhetho olufanelekileyo. Banokufikelela kwizixhobo kunye nolwazi olufunekayo ukuguqulela ngokuchanekileyo isicatshulwa sesilatini kwisingesi okanye kolunye ulwimi. Ekubeni umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo ewusingatha lo msebenzi, abaguquleli besilatini banokuba nentembelo ekunikeleni iinguqulelo ezichanileyo nezithembekileyo.

Ziziphi iilwimi zesilatin?

Ulwimi lwesilatini aluthethwa njengolwimi oluphambili kulo naliphi na ilizwe, kodwa lusetyenziselwa iinjongo ezininzi ezisemthethweni Kwisixeko Sasevatican nakwiriphabhlikhi Yasesan Marino. Isilatini ikwafundwa njengolwimi okanye ifundiswe njengenxalenye yekharityhulam kumazwe amaninzi, kubandakanya Iunited States, Ifransi, Ispain, Iportugal, I-Itali, Ipoland, Iromania, Ijamani, Iaustria, Inetherlands, Ibelgium, Iswitzerland, Icanada, Imexico, Icolombia, Ibrazil, Ivenezuela, Iperu, Iargentina, Ichile, Iecuador, Ibolivia, Iuruguay, Iparaguay namanye amazwe.

Kuthetha ukuthini ilatin Latin?

Ulwimi lwesilatini lunembali ende ebuyela emva kumawaka eminyaka. Yaqala njengolwimi Lwase-Indo-European kwaye yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwipeninsula yasentaliyane ngexesha Le-Iron Age. Ukusuka apho, yanwenwela nakweminye imimandla efana Neiberia, Igaul, kwaye ekugqibeleni Ibritani ngexesha lobukhosi Baseroma. Isilatini yayilulwimi olusemthethweni Lobukhosi Baseroma ngaphezu kweminyaka eliwaka, yaye yaba lulwimi Lobukatolika ebudeni Bamaxesha Aphakathi. Ngexesha Le-Renaissance, isilatini savuselelwa kwaye sisetyenziselwa iinjongo zesayensi, zemfundo kunye nezoncwadi. Kwinkulungwane ye-19th, yathatyathelw ' indawo ziilwimi Zothando njengolwimi oluphambili lonxibelelwano, kodwa isasetyenziswa nanamhlanje kwizicwangciso ezithile zeziko nakwiinjongo zonqulo nezemfundo.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesilatini?

1. Icicero – 106 BC-43 BC) - igosa laseburhulumenteni Laseroma, igqwetha kunye nomcebisi owathi, ngokubhala kunye neentetho zakhe, waphembelela kakhulu ulwimi lwesilatini.
2. I-Virgil (70 BC-19 BC) - imbongi Yaseroma eyaziwa kakhulu ngombongo wakhe we-epic, I-Aeneid, ebhalwe ngesilatini. Umsebenzi wakhe uye wanegalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso loncwadi lwesilatini nakwisintakisi.
3. Ujulius Caesar – 100 BC-44 BC) - injengele Yaseroma kunye nesitatimende esinegalelo elikhulu ekuphuhliseni igrama yesilatini kunye ne-syntax.
4. Uhorace (65 BC-8 BC) - imbongi Yamaroma yamazwi kunye ne-satires ibe nefuthe elihlala lihleli kwimibongo yesilatini.
5. I-Ovid (43 BC-17 AD) - imbongi Yaseroma eyaziwa kakhulu ngemisebenzi yakhe yokubalisa, njenge-Metamorphoses, eye yatyebisa kakhulu i-latin prose.

Uluphi ulwimi lwesilatin?

Isakhiwo solwimi lwesilatini sisekelwe kwinkqubo ye-declensions ezintlanu, ezi amaqela izibizo kunye nezichazi ezabelana ngeziphelo ezifanayo. I-decension nganye iqulethe amatyala amathandathu ahlukeneyo: ukutyunjwa, i-genitive, i-dative, i-accusative, i-ablative, kunye ne-vocative. Isilatini sineentlobo ezimbini zokudibanisa isenzi: rhoqo kwaye ayiqhelekanga. Isakhiwo sesilatini siquka i-infixes, izimamva, iziphakamiso, kunye nezibhengezo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Indlela yokufunda isilatini ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala kwiziseko. Thatha ikhosi okanye uthenge incwadi yesikhokelo egubungela iziseko zesilatini igrama kunye nesigama, njenge" I-Essential Latin "Ngujohn C. Traupman okanye" i-Wheelock's Latin " Ngufrederic M. Wheelock.
2. Fumana uluhlu lwamagama egama giuseppina. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, fumana ukurekhodwa kwesilatini esithethwa zizithethi zomthonyama. Oku kuya kukunceda ufunde ukubizwa okuchanekileyo kunye nentetho.
3. Funda isilatini. Funda izicatshulwa zesilatini ezifana nemisebenzi yababhali bamandulo kuquka Uvirgil Nocicero, iincwadi zokuthandaza ezindala, kunye neencwadi zesilatini zanamhlanje.
4. Bhala ngesilatini. Njengoko ukhululeka ngesilatini, ziqhelise ukubhala ngesilatini ukuze uqhelane negrama efanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.
5. Thetha Isilatini. Joyina iklabhu yesilatini yendawo, ubhalise kwikhosi yesilatini kwi-intanethi, kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kwiingxaki zokuguqulela isilatini ukuthetha ulwimi.