Irishname Kazakhname Guqulela

Uguqulelo lwaseireland yintsimi ekhethekileyo kwiilwimi ngenxa yohlobo olwahlukileyo noluntsonkothileyo lolwimi Lwaseireland. Olu lwimi luthethwa ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi eziyi-1.8 Eireland yaye olunye abamalunga nama-60 000 kwiindawo Zasebritani Nasemerika lulwimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabliki Yaseireland nolulwimi oluthethwa ngabantu abambalwa emntla Ireland.

Injongo yenguqulelo Yesi-Irish kukuhambisa ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yokubhaliweyo ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye. Oku kufuna ulwazi olubanzi lweelwimi zombini, kunye nemeko yenkcubeko, yentlalo kunye nezopolitiko. Ngokomzekelo, amagama nemiyalezo eyiyo isenokufuna iziyelelane ezithile ukuze kuguqulelwe ngendlela echanileyo.

Inguqulelo yesi-Irish ibandakanya iinkqubo zobugcisa kunye nezobugcisa. Izakhono zobugcisa zibandakanya ukuqonda igrama, isivakalisi kunye nemigaqo yokwakhiwa, kunye nokukwazi ukuhambelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuguqulela esungulwe. Iziko lezakhono zokuyila ngakumbi malunga nomsebenzi wokutolika kunye nokuhambisa umthombo ngendlela echanekileyo.

Abaguquleli baseireland abaqeqeshiweyo bahlala begxile kwicandelo elithile, njengeyeza, ubunjineli, amaxwebhu asemthethweni okanye ezemali. Abaguquleli kufuneka babe nolwazi oluqinileyo lomxholo abajongene nawo kunye nokutyibilika kuzo zombini iilwimi ezijoliswe kuzo kunye nemvelaphi.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaseireland zifunwa ngenxa yokuba inani elikhulayo leetekisi Zaseireland, amaxwebhu kunye nezinye izinto ziguqulelwa kwisingesi kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Oku kubandakanya iincwadi, iikhontrakthi, izinto zokuthengisa, amaphepha ewebhu, iincwadi zesoftware, umabonwakude kunye nonomathotholo kunye nokunye okuninzi.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba naziphi na iinguqulelo zenziwe yingcali efanelekileyo enesidanga okanye isatifikethi esifanelekileyo. Kwangelo xesha, imibutho kufuneka yazi iimfuno zolwimi ezithile zabaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba iinguqulelo zibonisa oku.

Inguqulelo yesi-Irish yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba inkcubeko, ulwimi kunye nembali yabantu Base-Ireland zigcinwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kwabelwana ngazo nehlabathi. Ikwanceda ekwakheni iibhulorho zamanye amazwe, ukwandisa ukuqonda kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha isiireland?

Ulwimi Lwaseireland luthethwa kakhulu Eireland. Ikwathethwa kwiipokotho ezincinci Ebritane, Eunited States, Ecanada nakwamanye amazwe kwihlabathi liphela apho abantu belifa lase-Ireland bahlala khona.

Yintoni i-Irish ulwimi?

Ulwimi Lwaseireland (Igaeilge) lulwimi Lwesiceltic kwaye lolunye lweelwimi ezindala nezona zithethwa Kakhulu Eyurophu, ezinembali ebhaliweyo engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-2 500. Lulwimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabhlikhi Yaseireland kwaye luthethwa zizigidi ezili-1.8 zezithethi Eireland, kunye nenye i-80,000 E-us, Ebritane Nasekhanada, kunye namanani amancinci kwamanye amazwe.
Iisampulu zokuqala ezaziwayo ze-irish ezibhaliweyo zivela malunga nekhulu le-4 AD, kunye nobungqina Be-Old Irish bukhona kwi-6th century. Ifom yokuqala erekhodiweyo ye-Irish ingqinwa kwimibhalo yamandulo yase-Ireland, Imithetho Yasebrehon, eyaqulunqwa kwinkulungwane ye-7 neye-8 AD. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwimi lwaqala ukuthatyathelw ' indawo Ngumbindi Weireland ngenkulungwane ye-11.
I-irish yanamhlanje yavela Kwi-Middle Irish kwaye ihlukaniswe ngokubanzi kwiilwimi ezimbini: Umunster (I-Mhumhain) Kunye Neconnacht (Connachta). Ngenkulungwane ye-19th, I-Irish ibilulwimi oluncinci kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe, kodwa amatsha-ntliziyo olwimi Lwase-Ireland andise iprofayile Yayo ngokuvuselelwa Kwegaelic ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Eli xesha labona uncwadi lweelwimi Zaseireland luchuma yaye lunomdla ngakumbi ekufundeni nasekuthetheni olo lwimi.
Ukusukela ngoko, inani lezithethi liye landa ngokuthe ngcembe, ngokusekwa kwezikhululo zikanomathotholo kunye nomabonwakude ezisasazwa Eireland, ukwaziswa kolwimi Lwase-Ireland njengesifundo kwikharityhulam zezikolo eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari, kunye nokuvuselelwa komdla kulwimi Lwase-Ireland nakwinkcubeko kule minyaka idlulileyo.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwaseireland?

1. Udouglas Hyde (1860-1949): wayengomnye wabasunguli Be-Gaelic League ngo-1893 kwaye wasebenza ngokungakhathali ukukhuthaza ulwimi Lwase-Ireland, ebhala inani leencwadi kulo mbandela.
2. Useán Lúng (1910-1985): wayeyimbongi kunye nomphengululi obhale ngokubanzi malunga noncwadi kunye nolwimi Lwaseireland, kunye nokuba yenye yezona zinto zikhokelayo ekugcineni nasekukhuthazeni ulwimi.
3. Umáire Mhac i tSaoi (1920-2018): wayeyimbongi yaseireland kunye nombhali owabhala imisebenzi yakhe ngolwimi Lwaseireland. Umbongo wakhe odumileyo ubizwa ngokuba Ngu "Ceo Draíochta" ("Inkungu Eyimfihlakalo").
4. Upádraig Mac Piarais (1879-1916): wayengomnye wabalwi abaphambili bezopolitiko Eireland kwaye wayekwangummeli onamandla wolwimi Lwaseireland. Waphefumlela i-Irish revolution Kwi-Easter 1916 kwaye wayenokholo oluqinileyo kwisakhono sabantu Base-Ireland sokubuyisela ulwimi lwabo.
5. Ubrian Sic Cuív (owazalwa ngo-1939): ungumpolitiki Wase-Ireland osebenze Njengomphathiswa Woluntu , Emaphandleni Nasegaeltacht Affairs ukusuka ngo-1997-2011. Uye waba negalelo elikhulu ekuvuselelweni kolwimi Lwase-Ireland ngokwazisa amanyathelo afana Nomthetho Wegaeltacht kunye Nesicwangciso-Qhinga seminyaka engama-20 Solwimi Lwase-Ireland.

Uluphi ulwimi Lwase-Ireland?

Ulwimi Lwaseireland (ekwabizwa ngokuba Yigaelic okanye Igaelic Yaseireland) lulwimi Lwesiceltic olusebenzisa iilwimi ezininzi. Icwangciswe malunga ne-verb-subject-order order, kwaye ayinayo i-morphology ye-infectional. Ulwimi luyi-syllabic, kunye noxinzelelo lubekwe kwi-syllable yokuqala yegama ngalinye. Uluhlu olubanzi lweefom zomlomo kunye namagama zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa zombini izimvo ezilula kunye ezintsonkothileyo.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lwase-Ireland ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Zikhuphelele eli khadi lomntu osebhayibhileni. Mamela unomathotholo Waseireland kwaye ubukele imiboniso YETV yaseireland ukuze uqhelane nolwimi kunye nokubizwa kwalo.
2. Funda iziseko. Qala ngokufunda amanye amagama aqhelekileyo, amabinzana, kunye nemithetho yegrama. Uninzi lweeklasi zentshayelelo okanye iincwadi ziya kubandakanya ezi.
3. Ziqhelanise nezithethi zomthonyama. Yiya kwiiklasi Zaseireland, udibane nabantu abathetha ulwimi, kwaye uziqhelanise nokuthetha nabo. Unako kanjalo ukufumana i-intanethi incoko iibhodi okanye incoko amagumbi apho unako thetha native Isi-italian speakers.
4. Funda kwaye umamele iincwadi, amaphephandaba kunye neemagazini. Ukufunda iincwadi kunye nokumamela iincwadi ezirekhodiweyo Ngesi-Irish kunokukunceda ukuba uve ukuba ulwimi kufuneka luvakalise njani.
5. Phuhlisa uthando lwakho inkcubeko Irish. Ukufunda ulwimi kulula ukuba uzibhaptiza kwinkcubeko. Bukela iifilimu Zaseireland, ufunde uncwadi Lwaseireland kwaye uphonononge umculo Waseireland ukuze ufumane ukuqonda kwenkcubeko Yaseireland.
6. Ungaze uyeke ukuziqhelanisa. Ngoko ke, yonke imihla, ukuze ungalibali into oyifundileyo. Okukhona uziqhelanisa, kokukhona uya kuba ngcono!

Inguqulelo yesikazakh yinkqubo ebaluleke ngakumbi njengoko ihlabathi liqhubeka likhula. Ngokukhula kweemarike zehlabathi, kukho imfuneko enkulu yeenkonzo ezichanekileyo zokuguqulela zasekazakh. Ukuguqulela ikazakh kwezinye iilwimi kwaye ngokuchaseneyo kunokuba yinkqubo ekhohlisayo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda ulwimi kunye negrama yalo, kunye nokwahluka kwenkcubeko phakathi kwamazwe ukuze kubonelelwe ngeenguqulelo ezisemgangathweni.

Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, kunye nezinye republics zangaphambili Soviet. Kuye kwaphenjelelwa sisiarabhu, isipersi nesirashiya ukutyhubela iinkulungwane. Olu lwimi luneelwimi ezine: Umzantsi, Umntla, Umzantsi-Mpuma Nentshona. Kuxhomekeka kuguqulelo lolwimi lwesiyelelane, imigaqo ethile yegrama neyokusetyenziswa isenokutshintsha. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba wazi zonke iinkcukacha ngaphambi kokuba uqalise iprojekthi yokuguqulela.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ube novelwano kwimiba yenkcubeko enokuchaphazela indlela ulwimi olubonwa ngayo. Umzekelo, ulwimi olusemthethweni luhlala lusetyenziswa xa kuxutyushwa imicimbi yezoshishino, ngelixa ulwimi olungacwangciswanga luhlala lukhethwa kwiingxoxo ezingaqhelekanga. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iminyaka yomguquleli, njengoko abaguquleli abancinci banokungazi amagama amadala okanye amabinzana asenokuba ebesetyenziswa kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukuba abaguquleli baqhelane nealfabhethi kunye nenkqubo yokubhala ulwimi abaluguqulelayo. I-Kazakh ibhalwe ngoonobumba abathathu abahlukeneyo, kodwa Isicyrillic sesona sixhaphakileyo namhlanje. Ukongeza, ulwimi lunemiqondiso yalo ebhaliweyo ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa iguqulela.

Ukuqukumbela, inguqulelo yesikazakh ifuna ukuqonda ulwimi, iziyelelane zayo, iindlela zenkcubeko noonobumba. Ngokuqwalasela zonke ezi nkalo, abaguquleli banokuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqulelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zidlulisela ngokuchanileyo umyalezo ekujoliswe kuwo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha ulwimi lwasekazakh?

I-kazakhstan lulwimi olusemthethweni Ekazakhstan, kunye nokuthethwa Erashiya nakwiindawo Zasechina, E-Afghanistan, Eturkey Nasemongolia.

Luluphi ulwimi oluthethwa ngesikazakh?

Imbali yolwimi lwasekazakh isusela emva phayaa kwiminyaka yee-1400 xa yaqala ukusetyenziswa njengolwimi olubhaliweyo phakathi kwezizwe ezithetha isiturkiki ezazihlala kumbindi Asia. Kukholelwa ukuba amagama amaninzi kulwimi lwesikazakh abolekwe kwezinye iilwimi Zaseturkey, kunye nesipersi, isiarabhu nesirashiya. Ngenkulungwane ye-18, ulwimi lwasekazakhstan lwaba lolona lwimi luphambili Ekazakhstan, yaye emva kwexesha Likastalin, lwaba lulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ekazakhstan ngowe-1996. Namhlanje, kuthethwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-11, ubukhulu becala Ekazakhstan, Euzbekistan Naserashiya.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwasekazakh?

1. U-Abay Qunanbayuli (1845-1904) - owaziwa Ngokubanzi Ngokuba Nguyise woncwadi Lwangoku lwasekazakh, imbongi kunye nefilosofi eyazisa isitayile esitsha soncwadi kunye nolwimi lwanamhlanje.
2. Umagzhan Zhumabayev (1866-1938) - umbhali kunye notitshala obekwe emgangathweni iskripthi solwimi lwasekazakh sangoku.
3. Umukhtar Auezov ( 1897-1961) - umbhali obalaseleyo, umbhali wokudlala, Kunye Nomphathiswa wokuqala Wemfundo Esoviet Kazakhstan, obizwa ngokudibanisa nokuphuhlisa ulwimi lwasekazakh.
4. Ugabit Musrepov (1894-1937) - ingcali yeelwimi, utitshala, kunye ne-ethnographer owayenegalelo lokuqala kuphuhliso lolwimi lwasekazakh.
5. Uyerlan Nysanbayev (1903-1971) - umguquleli wolwimi kunye nomsunguli We-Kazakh Academy Of Sciences ofake igalelo elikhulu ekuphuculweni kolwimi lwasekazakh.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi lwasekazakh?

Ubume bolwimi lwasekazakh bunobugagu. Oku kuthetha ukuba amagama ayenziwa ngokudibanisa i-morphemes ukuba nganye inentsingiselo enye. I-Kazakh nayo ine-syntax ephelele, oku kuthetha ukuba umxholo wesigatya esingenanto kunye nento yesigatya sokuhamba sinokuboniswa ngendlela efanayo. Ulwimi lukwanamatyala asithoba ezibizo kunye nezenzi ezithandathu.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwasekazakh ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngokufunda iziseko. Funda ialfabhethi kunye nendlela yokufunda, ukubhala nokubiza amagama. 2. Funda igrama esisiseko kunye nesakhiwo sesivakalisi. Unokufumana izibonelelo ezininzi eziluncedo kwi-intanethi. 3. Mamela umculo wasekazakh kwaye ubukele iimovie zasekazakh KUNYE nemiboniso YETV ukuze uqhelane nolwimi oluthethwayo. 4. Ziqhelanise nomhlohli okanye isithethi somthonyama. Kubalulekile ukuba uqhelisele ukuthetha nokuva ulwimi ukuba lutyibilike. 5. Qhubeka ufunda. Bekela bucala ixesha suku ngalunye lokusebenza ekufundeni nasekuziqhelaniseni ulwimi. 6. Breathe into culture. Ukufunda iincwadi, ukumamela umculo, kunye nokufunda malunga nendlela yokuphila yasekazakh kuya kukunceda uluqonde ngcono ulwimi.