Ikazakh (Isilatini) Isi-Udmurt Humusha

Ukuhunyushwa kwesikazakh (ngesilatini) kuvame ukusetshenziselwa imibhalo yebhizinisi neyomthetho, ukuhumusha izikhulumi zesikazakh ezingakhulumi isingisi noma ezinye izilimi, noma ukuxhumana ngokunembile nezethameli ezikhuluma isikazakh. Ekazakhstan, isilatini siwuhlelo lokubhala olusemthethweni lolimi lwesikazakh, kuyilapho Isicyrillic sisasetshenziswa kabanzi kwezinye izindawo.

Namuhla, kunesidingo esikhula njalo sokuhunyushwa kwemibhalo esezingeni eliphakeme isuka futhi iye olimini lwesikazakh (isilatini). Umhumushi onguchwepheshe kumelwe ajwayelane nolimi lwesikazakh nohlelo lwayo lolimi futhi abe nokuqonda okuhle ngolimi oluwumthombo. Ukuhunyushwa kwemibhalo nemibhalo eyinkimbinkimbi kuba inselele ngokwengeziwe lapho ulimi oluwumthombo lungafani nolimi oluqondisiwe.

Umhumushi kudingeka abe nokuqonda okuhle kwesakhiwo, ukupela, nezisho zolimi azama ukukhiqiza inguqulo esezingeni eliphakeme. Isici esibalulekile sokuhumushela olimini lwesikazakh (isilatini) ukuthi kunesidingo sokuba umhumushi alondoloze izinga eliphakeme lokunemba ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi lo mbhalo awuhunyushwa ngokungeyikho.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuba umhumushi aqonde isiko nomlando walesi sifunda ukuze ukuhumusha kwakhe kungabi okunembile kuphela, kodwa futhi kubonise umongo walesi sifunda. Ukuqonda okunjalo kungasiza umhumushi ukuba akhiqize inguqulo enembile ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ulimi lusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele nokuthi noma yiziphi izinkomba zamasiko embhalweni zihunyushwa ngendlela efanele.

Ukunemba kubaluleke ngokukhethekile uma kuziwa ekuhumusheni imibhalo engokomthetho, edinga ukunemba nokunemba. Umhumushi onguchwepheshe kufanele akwazi ukubona noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele ngokuhumusha futhi azixazulule ngaphambi kokuletha umkhiqizo wokugcina.

Ekuphetheni, kusobala ukuthi umhumushi onguchwepheshe kudingeka aqonde kahle ulimi azama ukuluhumusha, kanye nolwazi olujulile ngamasiko nomlando walesi sifunda ukuze akhiqize inguqulo esezingeni eliphakeme yesikazakh (isilatini).

Yimaphi amazwe olimi lwesikazakh (isilatini) olukhulunywa kuwo?

Ulimi lwesikazakh, olubhalwe ngezinhlamvu zesilatini, lukhulunywa iningi labantu Basekazakhstan futhi lukhulunywa Nasemongolia, Echina, e-Afghanistan, e-Iran, Eturkey, Eturkmenistan Nase-Uzbekistan.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesikazakh (isilatini)?

Ulimi lwesikazakh luwulimi Lwesiturkic olukhulunywa kakhulu Ekazakhstan futhi luwulimi olusemthethweni ezweni. Futhi ingenye yezilimi ezisemthethweni Esifundazweni sasebayan-Ölgii Emongolia. Isikazakh singesinye sezilimi ezindala Kakhulu Zamaturkic futhi umlando waso obhaliwe ungahle ulandelwe emuva ngekhulu lesi-8 lapho wasetshenziswa emibhalweni Yase-Orkhon Emongolia. Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, lolu limi luye lwaguquka futhi lwazivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo zamasiko nezombangazwe Zasekazakhstan.
Isikazakh ekuqaleni sasibhalwe ngezinhlamvu zesi-arabhu kodwa ngawo-1930, ngesikhathi Sesoviet, kwasetshenziswa izinhlamvu zesilatini eziguquliwe njengohlelo lokubhala olujwayelekile lolimi. Izinhlamvu zesilatini zesikazakh zinezinhlamvu ezingu-32 futhi zihlanganisa izinhlamvu ezihlukile zamagama anonkamisa amafushane namade kanye neminye imisindo eyingqayizivele yolimi. Ngo-2017, izinhlamvu zesilatini zesikazakh zashintshwa kancane futhi manje zifaka izinhlamvu ezingu-33.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu kakhulu olimini lwesikazakh (isilatini)?

1. U-Abay Qunanbayuli (18451904) – ubuhlakani bezincwadi zabantu basekazakh, kuthiwa wenza uhlelo lokubhala lwesilatini lwesikazakh lwaba sesikhathini samanje futhi walwethula ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.
2. Umagzhan zhumabayev (18661919) wayengumsekeli omkhulu Wokwenziwa kwesilatini kolimi lwesikazakh. Waqhubeka nomsebenzi Ka-Abay futhi unesibopho sokwakha izinhlamvu zamagama zesilatini zasekazakh zanamuhla.
3. Ubauyrzhan momyshuly (18971959) wayengumbhali odumile, imbongi kanye nosopolitiki wasekazakhstan odunyiswa ngokuthuthukisa ulimi lwesikazakh lube ulimi oluhlanganisiwe, olujwayelekile.
4. Umukhtar auezov (18971961) – umbhali wasekazakh onethonya, U-auezov wayezibophezele ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesikazakh namasiko.. Wabhala izincwadi eziningi ngesikazakh, enza uhlelo lokubhala lwesilatini lwaziwa.
5. Ukenzhegali bulegenov (1913-1984) – Bulegenov wayengusosayensi wezilimi obalulekile futhi engumuntu ovelele ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesikazakh. Wasebenza ezincwadini eziningi, ezichazamazwini nasezinhlelweni zolimi, esiza ekwenzeni isikazakh sibe ulimi lokubhala.

Isakhiwo solimi lwesikazakh (isilatini) sinjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesikazakh (isilatini) sisekelwe kakhulu olimini lwesiturkey. Ifonoloji yayo ibonakala ngokuvumelana kwezwi, izinga eliphakeme lokunciphisa imisho, nokuthanda imisho evulekile. Ngokwe-grammatic, ulimi oluhlanganisa kakhulu, olunamagama nezichasiso ezibonisa ama-affix amaningi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamapharadigm okuguquguquka. Uhlelo lwayo lwesenzo nalo luyinkimbinkimbi, lunezinhlelo ezimbili zamagama (ezivamile nezisizayo), iziqalo, izijobelelo kanye nohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwesimo nesimo sengqondo. Uhlelo lokubhala lwesikazakh (isilatini) luyi-alfabhethi elisekelwe olimini lwesilatini.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Kazakh (Latin) ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Funda izinhlamvu zamagama. Izinhlamvu zamagama zesikazakh zibhalwe ngezinhlamvu zesilatini, ngakho kuyodingeka ufunde izinhlamvu ezingu-26 nemisindo yazo.
2. Jwayelana lolimi eziyisisekelo. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokutadisha izincwadi ezikhuluma ngezinto eziyisisekelo zolimi noma ngezinsiza ezikuyi-internet njengamavidiyo E-YouTube.
3. Prakthiza ukukhuluma. Njengoba lolu limi lungakhulunywa kabanzi, kungase kudingeke uthole umuntu olukhulumayo noma inkambo yomsindo eku-inthanethi ongazijwayeza ngayo.
4. Ukutshala imali kwezinye izinto zokufunda ezisezingeni. Lezi zingahlanganisa izincwadi, izifundo zomsindo noma zevidiyo, noma ngisho namawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
5. Lalela izikhulumi zomdabu kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungasebenzisa umculo, imibukiso yethelevishini, ama-video, nama-podcast ukukusiza ukuba ujwayele isigqi esivamile solimi.
6. Inselelo ngokwakho. Funda silulumagama ezintsha kanye practice usebenzisa it in izingxoxo. Zama ukubhala imibhalo nokuyifunda ngokuzwakalayo.
7. Ungadikibali! Ukufunda ulimi kuyinqubo ende, ngakho yiba nesineke futhi nijabula nalo!

Ukuhumusha isi-Udmurt inqubo yokuhumusha imibhalo isuka olimini olulodwa iye olimini Lwesi-Udmurt. Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt luwulimi Lwesi-Finno-Ugric olukhulunywa ngabantu base-Udmurt abahlala Eriphabhulikhi Yase-Udmurt, etholakala Enkabeni Yerussia. Lolu limi lunomlando namasiko acebile, futhi luwulimi olusemthethweni Eriphabhuliki Yase-Udmurt. Nakuba lolu limi lungase lubhekwe njengolungamelwe kahle ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, lusalokhu luwulimi olubalulekile kulabo abavela kule ndawo noma abanesithakazelo olimini, emasikweni nasemlandweni wabantu base-Udmurt.

Uma kuziwa Ekuhumusheni Isi-Udmurt, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kwenziwa izinguqulo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa abahumushi bolimi lwesi-Udmurt abanolwazi, abanolwazi ngolimi nangomongo wamasiko. Umhumushi kufanele akwazi ukuqonda uhlelo lolimi, ukupela amagama, kanye nemisho yolimi ukuze enze izinguqulo ezinembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele bakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokunembile ukwanda nokuhlukahluka kwamagama ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi umbhalo usondelene kakhulu nombhalo wokuqala ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukuhumusha isi-Udmurt kungasiza ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kwamasiko futhi kunikeze abantu abavela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ithuba lokuqondana. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa cishe kunoma iyiphi insimu, kuhlanganise nebhizinisi, izincwadi, nabezindaba. Ingasetshenziselwa futhi ukusiza ukulondoloza isiko nomlando wabantu Base-Udmurt ngokuvumela izindaba zabo namazwi abo ukuba ezwakale yizilaleli ezinkulu.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhumusha Isi-Udmurt kungaba ithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu lokuqonda ulimi namasiko abantu base-Udmurt. Ngokuqonda imibhalo Yesi-Udmurt, kunganikeza izilaleli eziningi ithuba lokwazisa nokufunda olimini nasemasikweni abantu base-Udmurt. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba yindlela enhle yokukhuthaza ukuqonda phakathi kwamasiko nokufunda okwengeziwe ngomunye nomunye.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt?

Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt lukhulunywa kakhulu Eriphabhuliki Yase-Udmurt, etholakala esifundeni Sasevolga Erussia. Kukhulunywa nasemiphakathini emincane kwezinye izingxenye Zaserussia, kanye nasemazweni angomakhelwane njengekazakhstan, Ibelarus Nefinland.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesi-Udmurt?

Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt luyingxenye yolimi lwesi-Uralic futhi luhlobene kakhulu nezilimi Zesi-Finno-Ugric. Kukhulunywa ngabantu abangaba ngu-680,000, ikakhulukazi Eriphabhulikhi Yase-Udmurt (Erussia) nasendaweni ezungezile. Uhlobo lwayo lokubhala lwabhalwa ngekhulu le-18 ngabapristi bama-orthodox aserussia, abakha isimiso sokubhala esisekelwe ezinhlamvwini Zesicyrillic. Lolu hlelo lokubhala lwaqhubeka lwandiswa futhi lwathuthukiswa phakathi nekhulu le-19 nele-20, okwaholela olimini lokubhala lwanamuhla. Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt lusasetshenziswa nanamuhla ezifundeni ezinabantu abangama-Udmurt, futhi lufundiswa nasezikoleni nasemanyuvesi.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesi-Udmurt?

1. Uvasiliy Ivanovich Alymov-isazi sezilimi nombhali wemisebenzi eminingi yolimi Lwesi-Udmurt, owabhala uhlelo lolimi olucacile futhi wamisa imithetho eminingi nemigomo esasetshenziswa nanamuhla.
2. Uvyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov-Isazi nomlobi wemisebenzi eminingi ngolimi namasiko Ase-Udmurt, kuhlanganise nohlelo lolimi olunzulu nezifundo ngesakhiwo sezinkondlo zase-Udmurt.
3. Unina vitalievna Kirsanova-Rodionova - umqambi emkhakheni we-Udmurt ebhaliwe, wabhala izincwadi zokuqala ngolimi futhi wadala isichazamazwi sokuqala sase-Ukraine-Udmurt.
4. Umikhayl romanovich pavlov-Owaziwa ngegalelo lakhe elikhulu emkhakheni wolimi Lwesi-Udmurt, izincwadi, kanye nezinganekwane, wayengomunye wabantu bokuqala ukuqopha nokubhala izingoma zomdabu zesifunda.
5. U-Olga Valerianovna fyodorova - Lozhkina-Omunye wabantu bokuqala ukutadisha ulimi namasiko Ase-Udmurt, washicilela amaphephandaba okuqala olimi lwesi-Udmurt futhi wabhala uhlelo lolimi nezinye izinto zokufundisa.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesi-Udmurt sinjani?

Ulimi Lwesi-Udmurt luwulimi Lwesi-Uralic, oluhlobene kakhulu nesifinnish nesi-estonia, futhi lunokufana okuthile nezilimi Zasekomi-zyryan nasepermic. Isakhiwo sayo sibonakala nge-agglutinative morphology, okusho ukuthi amagama akhiwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-affix ezincazelo nemiqondo ehlukene. Ulimi lunokuvumelana konkamisa okuyisici nesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokwehla kwamagama. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezenzi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kunezimo ezihlukahlukene, izici, nezikhathi, kanye nokuhlukanisa okuyisisekelo phakathi kwamafomu aphelele nalawo angaphelele.

Indlela yokufunda Ulimi Udmurt ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Start ngokuzijwayeza ulimi. Funda mayelana zamagama kanye pronunciation futhi uthole ukuqonda eziyisisekelo lolimi.
2. Funda futhi ulalele native Udmurt imithombo. Lalela izindaba zendawo futhi uvumelane umculo NEZINHLELO TV ngolimi.
3. Prakthiza ukukhuluma nokubhala Udmurt. Thola umlingani ulimi noma usebenzise izinkundla inthanethi kanye nezingosi zokuxoxa ukuzijayeza.
4. Thatha izifundo zolimi Lwesi-Udmurt. Kunezikhungo eziningi zezilimi ezinikeza izifundo zolimi Lwesi-Udmurt futhi ungazithola ku-inthanethi.
5. Gxila emasikweni naselulwimini. Vakashela Udmurtia futhi ukhulume izikhulumi bomdabu ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngezilimi zendawo namasiko.