I-kannada Isibosnian Guqulela

I-Kannada lulwimi Oluthethwa Kakhulu kwilizwe lasemzantsi Indiya Lasekarnataka ngabantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-44. Yenye yeelwimi ezindala Eindiya kwaye ityebile kuncwadi, imibongo, umculo kunye neentsomi zabantu.

Kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje, kuya kusiba nzima ngakumbi ukunxibelelana nabantu ngeelwimi ezininzi. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwi-intanethi, apho umguquleli onobuchule angasebenzisa i-gameplay ye-gameplay ye-gameplay ye-gameplay.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasekannada ziya ziba zibaluleke ngakumbi njengoko amashishini ekhangela ukufikelela ngaphaya Kwemida Yaseindiya. Nokuba ufuna ukuba newebhusayithi yendawo okanye unencwadi efuna ukulungelelaniswa Nekannada okanye naluphi na olunye ulwimi lwengingqi, zininzi iinkampani zokuguqulela ezinokukunceda.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zasekannada zisusela ekuboneleleni ngeenguqulelo jikelele kwiinkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezinjengezomthetho, ezobugcisa, kunye noguqulelo lwezonyango. Umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo Wasekannada kufuneka abe nomyalelo ogqwesileyo wolwimi, kunye nokuqonda okunzulu kwenkcubeko kunye nemiba yolwimi oluthethwayo. Kukwabalulekile ukuba baqhelane neelwimi ezahlukeneyo kunye neerejista zolwimi.

Xa ufuna umguquleli Wasekannada, kubalulekile ukuba ujonge iingcali ezinobuchule kwaye ezinamava kulwimi. Uninzi lweenkampani zokuguqulela zinikezela ngeenkonzo zasekhaya nezehlabathi kwaye ezinye zijolise ngokukodwa kwinguqulelo yasekannada. Nje ukuba uchonge owona mguquleli we-Kannada kwiprojekthi yakho, ungalindela iziphumo ezikhawulezayo, ezichanekileyo, nezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Nokuba ufuna isithethi somthonyama Sasekannada okanye umntu oqheleneyo nolwimi, iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zasekannada zinokukunceda ufezekise iinjongo zakho. Nokuba ufuna ukunxibelelana nabantu Baseindiya okanye phesheya, inguqulelo Yasekannada inokuqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo wakho uhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwasekannada?

Ikannada ithethwa ikakhulu kwilizwe Lasekarnataka, Eindiya. Ikwathethwa ngomkhamo othile kumazwe angabamelwane baseandhra Pradesh, Itelangana, Itamil Nadu, Ikerala, Igoa Nemaharashtra. Ukongezelela, kukho iindawo ezibalulekileyo zokuthetha I-Kannada E-United States, I-United Arab Emirates, Isingapore, I-Saudi Arabia, I-Qatar, I-Australia NE-UK.

Ziziphi iilwimi Zesintu Zasekannada?

Ulwimi Lwasekannada lulwimi Oluthethwa Kakhulu Kwilizwe Laseindiya Ikarnataka. Ulwimi olusemthethweni lwaseburhulumenteni kunye nolunye lweelwimi zakudala Zaseindiya. Ulwimi lunokulandelwa emva kwe-900-1000 CE, xa Ikarnataka yayilawulwa Yi-Badami Chalukyas. Ngeli xesha, imibhalo emininzi yabhalwa Ekannada, isenza ukuba ibe yenye yezona lwimi zindala ezibhaliweyo Eindiya. Njengoko Iichalukyas zabhukuqwa ziidynasties ezahlukeneyo Ezifana Nerashtrakutas Kunye Nehoysala, iilwimi zabo zaphembelela ulwimi lwangoku Lwasekannada. Ngexesha le-Vijayanagara dynasty, iincwadi Zasekannada zachuma, Kunye Noharihara Norahavanka bezinye zeencwadi ezidumileyo zelo xesha. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, ulawulo Lwasebritani lwazisa imboleko-mali yesingesi kulwimi, oluhlala lubonakala Ekannada yanamhlanje. Namhlanje, I-Kannada ithethwa ngokubanzi kwilizwe Lasekarnataka nakwezinye iindawo Zasemazantsi Eindiya.

Ngoobani abantu aba-5 abaphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwesikannada?

1. Ukempegowda-umlawuli wenkulungwane ye-16 okhokela ukuvuselelwa koncwadi Lwasekannada kwaye uthathwa njengomsunguli weencwadi zanamhlanje Zasekannada.
2. Kuvempu-imbongi Yasekannada yenkulungwane yama-20, inoveli, umbhali wokudlala kunye nefilosofi. Uthathwa njengoyena mntu ubalaseleyo kuncwadi Lwasekannada lwekhulu lama-20.
3. Upampa-wayeyimbongi Yasekannada yenkulungwane ye-11 kwaye ungomnye wababhali Bokuqala baseindiya abaziwayo. Wabhala umbongo wokuqala okhoyo ngolwimi Lwesikannada, Ivikramarjuna Vijaya.
4. Ududana-wayengumlobi Wasekannada wenkulungwane ye-14 kunye nomdlali weqonga. Wabhala imidlalo emininzi kunye nemibongo ethathwa njengobugcisa beencwadi zakuqala Zasekannada.
5. Uragavanka - imbongi Yasekannada yenkulungwane ye-11 kunye nombhali, uthathwa njengombhali odumileyo wexesha Lika-Allama Prabhu. Wayengomnye weembongi ezintlanu ezibalulekileyo zesithethe Soncwadi Sasekannada.

Njani ulwimi Lwasekannada?

Isakhiwo Se-Kannada sinzima kakhulu kwaye senziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukuvisisana kwesikhamiso, ukuvisisana kwesenzi kunye nokudibanisa, isibizo kunye nokubhengezwa kwesibhengezo, ukumakishwa kwetyala, izikhundla, kunye nokunye okuninzi. I-Kannada inesakhiwo solwimi lwe-agglutinative, apho amagama akhiwa ngokudibanisa ii-morphemes ezahlukeneyo (iyunithi encinci yentsingiselo). Igama ngalinye linentsingiselo engaphezu kweyodwa, evumela ukuba kubekho iintlobo ezininzi.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lwasekannada ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana umhlohli. Ukuba nomhlohli onamava Wasekannada kunokukunceda ufunde ulwimi ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Jonga kwi-Intanethi kubahlohli abanamava Basekannada kwaye ukhethe eyona ilungele wena.
2. Sebenzisa izinto ezibonakalayo ezinesandi. Iividiyo, iimuvi, iingoma kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo zizo zonke izixhobo ezinkulu zokufunda naluphi na ulwimi. Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa izinto Ekannada njengoko kuya kuba lula kakhulu ukuqonda kunezinto ezibhalwe ngolunye ulwimi.
3. Zikhuphelele eli khadi lomntu osebhayibhileni. Zama ukuzungeze Ekannada kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Mamela unomathotholo, ufunde iincwadi, ubukele iinkqubo zikamabonwakude kwaye uncokole nabantu ngolwimi.
4. Ukuziqhelanisa. Eyona ndlela ingcono yokufunda naluphi na ulwimi kukuziqhelanisa. Qiniseka ukuba uziqhelanisa nezinto ozifundileyo rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Bekela bucala ixesha elithile suku ngalunye ukuze uziqhelanise Nekannada yakho kwaye ufumane nabanye onokuziqhelanisa nabo.
5. Thatha iiklasi. Ukuthatha iiklasi Kwi-Kindergarten kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Awuyi kufunda kuphela kootitshala abanamava, kodwa uya kuba nakho ukuziqhelanisa nabanye abafundi eklasini.

Ngaba ufuna umguquleli othembekileyo nothembekileyo? Ngeenkampani ezininzi zokuguqulela phaya, kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba loluphi olona khetho lufanelekileyo. Nasi isikhokelo sokukunceda ufumane umguquleli wasebosnia ofanelekileyo kwiprojekthi yakho.

Xa ujonga umguquleli oqeqeshiweyo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba banamava kwiiprojekthi zolwimi Lwasebosnia. Umguquleli wasebosnia kufuneka abe nomyalelo olungileyo wolwimi, ulwazi lwenkcubeko, kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubhala. Xa usebenzisa inkonzo yokuguqulela, kuhlala kulungile ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayaziqonda iinkcukacha zolwimi Lwasebosnia-njengolwimi olwahlukileyo olufumaneka Ebosnia Naseherzegovina.

Ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu xa uguqulela Ukusuka Kwisibosnia ukuya kwezinye iilwimi, njengoko kukho izinto ezininzi ezifuna ukubanjwa ngokuchanekileyo. Umguquleli olungileyo wasebosnia uya kuba nakho ukuthatha amabinzana e-idiomatic kunye nobuqili bolwimi, eqinisekisa ukuba isicatshulwa santlandlolo siguqulelwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka, khangela inkonzo enokubonelela ngesiqinisekiso somgangatho.

Ukuhanjiswa kwangexesha kukwayinto ephambili xa ukhetha umguquleli Wasebosnia. Kubalulekile ukuba ujonge ixesha lokutshintsha kwiprojekthi nganye yolwimi kwaye ufumane uqikelelo lokuba ingagqitywa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ukuba inkampani ayinakuzibophelela ekuhambiseni uxwebhu oluguqulelweyo ngomhla othile, kububulumko ukujonga kwenye indawo.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iindleko zenkonzo yokuguqulela. Nangona ixabiso akufanele libe yinto kuphela ekukhetheni umguquleli Wasebosnia, kulungile ukuthenga ngeenxa zonke ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ixabiso elifanelekileyo lemali. Iindleko zokuguqulela zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubude kunye nobunzima boxwebhu, kunye nesibini solwimi.

Ngokuphanda ngokucokisekileyo iinkonzo zokuguqulela Zasebosnia, kufuneka ukwazi ukufumana umboneleli onokuthenjwa kwaye ohloniphekileyo ohlangabezana neemfuno zakho. Ngomguquleli ofanelekileyo, unokubathemba ukuba baya kuhambisa uxwebhu oluphezulu, ngexesha, kunye nexabiso elifikelelekayo.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lwasebosnia?

Ulwimi Lwasebosnia luthethwa ikakhulu Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, kodwa lukwathethwa kwezinye iindawo Zaseserbia, Emontenegro, Ecroatia nakwamanye amazwe angabamelwane.

Lithini igama lolwimi Lwasebosnia?

Iingcambu zembali zolwimi Lwasebosnia (ekwabizwa Ngokuba Yibosniak, Ibosančica, okanye Iserbo-croatia) zintsonkothile kwaye zininzi. Ulwimi Yi-South Slavic ulwimi, ezifana yayo neighboring iilwimi, isicroatian kwaye isiserbia. Le nguqulo inemvelaphi yolwimi Lwasebalkan lwamaxesha aphakathi athethwa Ngamakristu Asebosnia kuloo Mmandla ebudeni Bamaxesha Aphakathi. Olu lwimi lwakhula ngokuthe ngcembe de lwaba lulwimi olwahlukileyo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20.
Ngenkulungwane ye-19, iingcali zeelwimi zasecroatia Naseserbia zasebenza kunye ukudala ulwimi olubhaliweyo oludibeneyo kuzo zonke iilwimi Zasemzantsi Slavic zommandla, nangona abanye bathi, ngenxa yoko, zonke iilwimi ezintathu ziye zathathwa njengeziyelelane zolwimi olufanayo, olubizwa Ngokuba Yiserbo-croatia.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980 nasekuqaleni kweyee-1990, Ibosnia Neherzegovina yabhengeza ukuzimela geqe Eyugoslavia. Oku kwakhokelela ekwandeni kobuzwe Phakathi Kwamabosnia, nto leyo eyabangela ingcamango "yolwimi Lwasebosnia." Olu lwimi lwadalwa ngokuphuhliswa kolwimi, njengokuqaliswa kwamagama amatsha kunye namabinzana athathwe kwisiarabhu, isiturkish kunye nezinye iilwimi.
Namhlanje, ulwimi Lwasebosnia lubonwa njengolwimi olusemthethweni Ebosnia Naseherzegovina kwaye lufundiswa ezikolweni, kunye nokuthethwa ngokubanzi phakathi kwabemi. Ukongeza kwiindidi eziqhelekileyo Zesibosnia, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezimbini Zesibosnia ezithethwa kwimimandla ethile yelizwe :štokavian Kunye Nekajkavian.

Ngoobani abaphezulu be-5 abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lwasebosnia?

1. Umatija Divković (ikhulu le-15) - icroatian humanist kunye nepolyglot owabhala isichazi - Magama Sokuqala Sasebosnia.
2. I – pavao Ritter Vitezović (i-17th century) - umbhali wasecroatia obizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho wolwimi Lwasebosnia kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Tractatus de origine et incrementis Slavorum Illyricorum".
3. Franjo Rački (ngenkulungwane ye-19) - umbhali-mbali wasecroatia, philologist nomphengululi Weslavic owabhala imisebenzi emininzi ngolwimi nenkcubeko Yasebosnia.
4. Uandrija Kacic Miosic (ngenkulungwane ye-19) - imbongi yasecroatia, umbhali nombhali wemidlalo yeqonga owaba negalelo kuphuhliso loncwadi lwangoku Lwasebosnia.
5. Ngo-agasti Cesarec (ikhulu lama-20) – imbongi yasecroatia, umbhali, ulwimi, umhleli kunye nompapashi owabhala amanqaku amaninzi kunye neencwadi ngolwimi Lwasebosnia kunye nenkcubeko.

Ulwakhiwo njani ulwimi Lwasebosnia?

Ulwimi lwasemzantsi Slavic oluhambelana kakhulu nesicroatia nesiserbia. Ilandela inkqubo efanayo ye-phonological njengesicroatia nesiserbia, kodwa kunye nokungafani kwezikhamiso. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni Ebosnia Naseherzegovina kwaye ikwathethwa Emontenegro, Eserbia Nasecroatia. Igrama yayo isekwe ikakhulu kwiziyelelane ezibini eziphambili: ulwimi Lwasempuma Lweherzegovinia-Istrian kunye nesitokavia Sasentshona. Isakhiwo segrama Sasebosnia siquka ukubizwa kwesibizo, ukudibanisa isenzi, kunye nenkqubo entsonkothileyo yamaxesha asetyenziselwa ukubonisa iziganeko ezizayo, ezidlulileyo kunye nezikhoyo.

Indlela yokufunda Ulwimi Lwasebosnia ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Fumana incwadi esemthethweni okanye ezinye izinto. Khangela incwadi Yolwimi Lwasebosnia okanye izinto zezifundo ezenzelwe abafundi bolwimi. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zibonelela ngeyona ndlela ibanzi, eyakhiweyo yokufunda Ibosnia.
2. Sebenzisa izibonelelo ezikwi-intanethi. Zininzi iiwebhusayithi ezinezifundo zasimahla kunye nemisebenzi yokukunceda ufunde Ibosnia, Njengeduolingo, LiveMocha, Kunye Nememrise. Ukongeza, zininzi iipodcasts, iividiyo kunye neengoma ezikhoyo ukukunceda uziqhelanise.
3. Nxibelelana nesithethi somthonyama. Ukuba uyazi umntu othetha Isibosnia, lithuba elihle lokuphucula izakhono zakho zolwimi! Zama ukuthetha nabo rhoqo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ukhululeke usebenzisa ulwimi.
4. Bukela Iifilimu zasebosnia kunye nomabonwakude. Ukuchitha ixesha ukubukela iifilimu ZASEBOSNIA kunye nemiboniso YETV yenye yeendlela ezikhawulezayo zokuphucula ukuqonda kwakho ulwimi. Qiniseka ukuba unikele ingqalelo kubizo kunye nesigama esitsha.
5. Hlala ukhuthazekile. Ukufunda ulwimi luhambo kunye nenkqubo. Zama ukuhlala ushukunyiswa kukuzibekela usukelo olusengqiqweni, uzivuze xa ufikelela kwisiganeko esibalulekileyo uze uqiniseke ukuba uyonwaba ngoxa ufunda.