Isibulgaria Isi-serbia Humusha

Isingeniso

Ibulgaria inolimi namasiko ayingqayizivele ayigugu kakhulu. Isibulgaria siwulimi Lwaseningizimu Slavic futhi sikhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-9 emhlabeni wonke. Eminyakeni yamuva, iye yathandwa abantu abahlala ngaphandle kwebulgaria abanesithakazelo ekufundeni lolu limi nasekusebenziseni izinzuzo eziningi ezilunikezayo. Ngokwanda kokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke nokwanda kokuxhumana phakathi kwamazwe, ukufinyelela ezinsizakalweni zokuhumusha zesibulgaria kuye kwaba okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe.

Umlando Wokuhunyushwa kwesibulgaria

Ulimi lwesibulgaria lwaqala ngekhulu lesi-9 lapho lwethulwa Amaproto-bulgarian njengengxenye yokwanda kwawo esifundeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isibulgaria saqala ukusakazeka futhi ekugcineni saba ulimi olusemthethweni Lwe-Principality Of bulgaria ngo-1878. Ngemva Kwempi Yezwe II, lolu limi lwaqhubeka lukhula futhi lwaba ulimi olusemthethweni Lwepeople ' s Republic Of bulgaria ngo-1946.

Namuhla, isibulgaria siwulimi olusemthethweni Ebulgaria futhi siwulimi olusemthethweni Lwe-European Union. Kukhulunywa abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-11 Ebulgaria nakwezinye izindawo Ebalkans kanye nemiphakathi eminingi yabafuduki emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yalokho, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zifunwa kakhulu ukuze kunikezwe ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwabantu abakhuluma izilimi ezihlukahlukene.

Izinzuzo Zokuhumusha isibulgaria

Ukuhumushela imibhalo olimini lwesibulgaria kungaba usizo kakhulu emabhizinisini anamakhasimende noma abalingani abakhuluma lolu limi. Ukuhumusha izinto zokumaketha namawebhusayithi ngesibulgaria kungasiza izinkampani ukuba zifinyelele izethameli ezibanzi futhi zakhe ubudlelwano namakhasimende angaba khona esifundeni. Kungasiza namabhizinisi ukuba akhe ukwethembana phakathi kwabantu ababhekiswe kubo ngokudlulisela umyalezo wokuthi ayaqonda futhi ahloniphe ulimi namasiko abantu azama ukufinyelela kubo. Ngokuthola izinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezinembile nezithembekile, amabhizinisi angathola ukuqonda okungcono kwamakhasimende awo futhi andise amathuba okuphumelela emakethe yasebulgaria.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenani elandayo labokufika Abavela Ebulgaria, izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana okubushelelezi phakathi kwabantu abavela emasikweni ahlukahlukene. Ukuhumushela imibhalo yezokwelapha, izivumelwano, nezinye izinhlobo ezisemthethweni olimini lwesibulgaria kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi wonke umuntu ohilelekile uyayiqonda le ncwadi futhi idluliselwa ngokunembile. Ekugcineni, ukuhumushela imibhalo olimini lwesibulgaria kungasiza ekulondolozeni ulimi namasiko abantu abakhuluma isibulgaria.

Isiphetho

Izinsizakalo zokuhumusha zesibulgaria zifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke nokuxhumana phakathi kwamazwe. Lezi zinsizakalo zingaba usizo kumabhizinisi afuna ukufinyelela izethameli ezibanzi futhi akhe ubudlelwano namakhasimende angaba khona esifundeni, kanye nakubantu abafudukayo abadinga usizo lokwenza lula ukuxhumana okubushelelezi phakathi kwamasiko. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinzuzo ezingokoqobo,ukuba nezinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezinembile nezithembekile kungasiza ekulondolozeni ulimi namasiko abantu abakhuluma isibulgaria.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi lwesibulgaria?

Ulimi lwesibulgaria lukhulunywa ikakhulukazi Ebulgaria, kodwa lukhulunywa nakwamanye amazwe Afana Neserbia, Imontenegro, Inyakatho Macedonia, Iromania, I-Ukraine Neturkey, kanye nemiphakathi emincane yasebulgaria emhlabeni jikelele.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesibulgaria?

Ulimi lwesibulgaria lunomlando omude futhi ohlukahlukene. Kukholakala ukuthi yaqala ukungeniswa esifundeni sasebulgaria yanamuhla ngekhulu lesi-7 ad Ngamabulgaria, ayengabantu baseturkey ababehlala kulokho manje Okuyirussia. Ulimi ababelukhuluma lwalubizwa ngokuthi isibulgaria Esidala noma Isichuvash Esidala, futhi kukholakala ukuthi lwalususelwa ezilimini Ezazikhulunywa Amahuns, ayehlasele le ndawo ngekhulu lesi-4.
Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, ulimi Lwamabulgaria lwahlanganiswa nezilimi zamaslav zabantu bomdabu, ikakhulukazi izilimi Zasempumalanga South Slavic, kuhlanganise nesimacedonia nesiserbia. Le nhlanganisela yaziwa ngokuthi isibulgaria Sasendulo, esasinezinhlobo ezimbili zokubhala: Isislavonic Sesonto, ulimi lwezincwadi olwalusetshenziswa Isonto Lobu-Orthodox, nolimi lwezincwadi lwesibulgaria, olwaluthuthuke kusuka ohlotsheni olukhulunywayo lwesibulgaria.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, kwase kuvele uhlobo olujwayelekile lwesibulgaria Sanamuhla, olwathatha indawo Yesislavonic Sesonto nolimi lwezincwadi lwesibulgaria. Phakathi nawo wonke ikhulu le-19 nele-20, ulimi lwesibulgaria lwathola ukwenziwa kwesimanje okukhulu, ekugcineni lwaba ulimi olusemthethweni Lweriphabhuliki yasebulgaria yanamuhla ngo-1945.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesibulgaria?

1. Ucyril Nomethodius 2. Umbusi Usimeyoni Wasebulgaria 3. Upaisius Wasehilendar 4. Ukonstantin Wasepreslav 5. U-Ivan Shishman Wasebulgaria

Ulimi lwesibulgaria lwakhiwa kanjani?

Isakhiwo sesibulgaria sifana nesezinye izilimi zamaslav. Luwulimi olushintshashintshayo, olunamagama nezichasiso ezinokuphela okuhlukile kuye ngomsebenzi wazo emshweni. Izenzo nazo zinokuphela okuhlukile okusekelwe esikhathini nomuntu. Njengezinye izilimi Zesislavic, isibulgaria sinezimo eziyisithupha zamagama, izimelabizo, nezichasiso: isimelabizo, isimelabizo, isimelabizo, isimelabizo, nesimelabizo. Ukuhleleka kwamagama ngokuvamile Kuyisihloko Isenzo Into kodwa kungahluka kuye ngesakhiwo somusho noma ukugcizelelwa.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi lwesibulgaria ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thatha Izifundo Zolimi lwesibulgaria: Ukuthatha izifundo kuyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokufunda isibulgaria. Ukuze uthole okuningi kakhulu enkambweni yakho ,ureiseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izifundo futhi uhlanganyele ngenkuthalo ezingxoxweni.
2. Sebenzisa Imithombo Online: Kukhona imithombo eminingi omuhle online etholakalayo ukukusiza ufunde Bulgarian. Izingosi eziningi zinikeza izifundo nemisebenzi exhumanayo, amashidi okusebenza angalandwa namafayela alalelwayo, nezincazelo eziningiliziwe zemithetho yohlelo lolimi. Amanye amawebhusayithi aze anikeze nengxoxo ebukhoma nabantu abakhuluma isibulgaria.
3. Gxila: Ukucwiliswa kubalulekile ekufundeni ulimi. Zama ukuthola abangane Bulgarian noma uzicwilise isiko Bulgaria sika. Lalela umsakazo Bulgarian futhi ubuke amabhayisikobho Bulgarian, lalela umculo futhi ufunde izincwadi in Bulgarian ngangokunokwenzeka.
4. Practice, Practice, Practice: Once uke wafunda eziyisisekelo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukwenza ukuqhubeka ukuzijayeza! Makeiseka ukuthi ukhuluma isibulgaria ngangokunokwenzeka ngezikhulumi zomdabu futhi usebenzise izinsiza eziku-inthanethi ukugcina intuthuko yakho.

Ukuhumusha kusuka eserbia kuya eserbia kudinga umhumushi onolwazi ukuze kube nokunemba nokuqonda kwamasiko. Iserbia iyizwe Lasebalkan Eningizimu-Mpumalanga Yurophu elinomlando ocebile futhi elixhumene kakhulu namanye amazwe ayengaphansi kweyugoslavia. Inolimi lwayo oluyingqayizivele, izinhlamvu zamagama Zesicyrillic, namasiko okumelwe kucatshangelwe ngaphambi kokuzama ukuhumusha noma yimuphi umbhalo.

Ulimi lwesiserbia luyingxenye yolimi lwesislavic Saseningizimu oluhlanganisa isibulgaria, isicroatia nesimacedonia. Kunezilimi ezimbili eziyinhloko zalolu limi, Isishtokavian Nesitorlakian. Nakuba Isishtokavian siyindlela ekhulunywa kakhulu, Isitorlakian sisetshenziselwa izinjongo zemibhalo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba nokunemba ekuhumusheni, umhumushi onguchwepheshe kufanele ajwayelane nezilimi zombili kanye nemininingwane ehlukahlukene yesifunda phakathi kwazo.

Isiserbia sibhalwa ngezinhlamvu Zesicyrillic, ezithathwe esigrekini. Lolu hlelo luqukethe izinhlamvu eziningi kunohlelo lolimi lwesilatini, okwenza kube nzima ukufunda nokulawula. Ngenxa yalokho, kubalulekile ukuba nomhumushi ojwayelene nezinhlamvu Zesicyrillic futhi okhululekile ukuzibhala ukuze aqinisekise ukunemba nokucaca embhalweni ohunyushiwe.

Ngenxa yobuhlobo bayo obuseduze nezinye izizwe ezazingamayugoslavia, kubalulekile ukuba umhumushi wakho aqonde umongo namasiko Aseserbia. Ulimi nomlando Waseserbia kuye kwathinteka kakhulu emazweni angomakhelwane namasiko. Umhumushi ojwayelene nale ndawo uyokwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokwehluka kolimi namasiko ukuze umbhalo okubhekiswe kuwo ubonise ngokunembile incazelo nenhloso yombhalo oyisisekelo.

Ngamafuphi, umhumushi osebenza eserbia noma esebenzisa isiserbia kufanele abe nolwazi oluhle ngolimi lwesiserbia nangamasiko namasiko.ahlukile. Ulwazi lwezinhlamvu Zesicyrillic nalo luyimfuneko yokuhumusha ngokunembile nangokunembile ngesiserbia. With the isipiliyoni esifanele kanye nemithombo, umhumushi ofanelekayo serbian angakunikeza i translation olunembile futhi nuanced kusuka noma zibe serbian.

Yimaphi amazwe okukhulunywa kuwo ulimi lwesiserbia?

Isiserbia siwulimi olusemthethweni Eserbia, Ebosnia Naseherzegovina, Emontenegro Nasekosovo. Kukhulunywa futhi ngamaqembu amancane ngaphakathi Kwecroatia, Ibulgaria, Ihungary, Iromania, Neriphabhulikhi Yasenyakatho Macedonia.

Uyini umlando wolimi lwesiserbia?

Ukuthuthukiswa kolimi lwesiserbia kungahle kulandelwe emuva okungenani ngekhulu lesi-8, lapho kwaqala ukuvela njengolimi oluhlukile kulandela ukuwa Kombuso Wasebyzantium ngekhulu lesi-7. Isibonelo sokuqala esaziwayo sokubhalwa kwesiserbia saqala ngekhulu le-13, nakuba ingxenye enkulu yalokho manje okubhekwa njengesiserbia sanamuhla yayisivele ithuthukile ngaleso sikhathi. Ngenkathi Ephakathi, Iserbia yayiyikhaya lezilimi ezihlukahlukene, ngasinye sikhulunywa amaqembu ahlukene ngaphakathi ezweni, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kwezincwadi Zaseserbia ngekhulu le-15 nele-16 kwasiza ukuhlanganisa izilimi futhi kwahlanganisa ulimi.
Phakathi nokubusa Kwama-Ottoman kusukela ngekhulu le-14 kuya kwele-19, isiserbia sasithonywe kakhulu isiturkey sama-Ottoman, esashiya uphawu lwaso olimini ngokuya ngamagama nohlelo lolimi. Lokhu kuye kwaqhubeka ezindaweni eziningi kuze kube namuhla, ikakhulukazi eningizimu nasempumalanga Yeserbia.
Ekhulwini le-19, kwenziwa izinguquko ezengeziwe ezincwadini, futhi ulimi lwesiserbia lwahlelwa ngokuvumelana nolimi Lwesi-Štokavian, olusetshenziselwa imibhalo eminingi ebhaliwe nekhulunywayo ezweni namuhla. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lolu limi luye lwathonywa kakhulu ezinye izilimi, ikakhulukazi isingisi, okwenza kube i-hybrid ethakazelisayo.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini lwesiserbia?

1. Uvuk Stefanovic Karadzic( 17871864): Owaziwa ngokuthi "ubaba wezincwadi zesimanje zaseserbia", wayengumuntu obalulekile ekuvumelaniseni ukubhalwa kwamaserbia nohlelo lolimi nokwakha isichazamazwi saseserbia.
2. Udositej Obradovic (17391811): umbhali owakha izincwadi nemfundo yaseserbia, imisebenzi yakhe ibe negalelo elikhulu ekukhuleni kwesiko, ulimi nemfundo yaseserbia.
3. Upetar II petrović-Njegoš (18131851): umbhishobhi waseserbia kanye nembongi, ungumuntu obalulekile emlandweni wezincwadi waseserbia. Waziwa kakhulu ngenkondlo yakhe ethi "The Mountain wreath" yango-1837, eyayikhuthaza ukunyakaza kokukhululwa kwesizwe.
4. Ujovan Sterija popović (18061856): umbhali wemidlalo, imisebenzi yakhe yasiza ekwakheni imidlalo yaseshashalazini nolimi lwesiserbia lwanamuhla. Uyaziwa njengethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwesiserbia.
5. Ustefan mitrov Ljubiša (18241878): umbhali wemidlalo oholayo Waseserbia, umsebenzi wakhe uye wahlonishwa ngokusiza ukubeka indinganiso yolimi lwaseserbia. Imidlalo yakhe yaziwa ngezinto zayo ezihlekisayo kanye nokugxeka kwayo okucashile kwezenhlalo.

Ulimi lwesiserbia lwakhiwa kanjani?

Isakhiwo solimi lwesiserbia ngokuyisisekelo siyinhlanganisela yezilimi zesislavic nezasebalkan. Luwulimi oluguquguqukayo olunobulili obubili (obesilisa, obesifazane, nobungathathi.), izinombolo ezintathu (ubunye, obubili, nobuningi) namacala ayisikhombisa (okuqamba, okugxekayo, okuzenzakalelayo, okuzenzakalelayo, okuzenzakalelayo, okuzenzakalelayo, nokuzenzakalelayo). Futhi inohlelo lwamagama Oluhlobene Nesenzo nesenzo.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Serbian ngendlela efanele kunazo?

1. Ukuya emakilasini olimi: Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi olusha ukuya ekilasini noma esifundweni. Lokhu kungaba ithuba elikhulu ukufunda lolimi serbian kanye pronunciation in a setting ehlelekile, uthisha ofanelekayo esandleni ukukusiza.
2. Buka amabhayisikobho SERBIAN and TV imibukiso: Ukubukela ithelevishini serbian namabhayisikobho kuyindlela enkulu ukujwayelana ulimi futhi sithathe ezinye imishwana ewusizo kanye tisho.
3. Thola umlingani exchange ulimi: Uma ukuya amakilasi ulimi akuyona inketho ngawe, ke ukuthola umlingani exchange ulimi kungaba indlela enkulu ukufunda ngokushesha. Bothiseka ukuthi bobabili bayavumelana ngolimi ofuna ukugxila kulo lapho ukhuluma futhi uzijwayeza.
4. Sebenzisa imithombo online: Kukhona eziningi ewusizo imithombo online ukukusiza ufunde Serbian, ezifana amawebhusayithi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, podcasts namavidiyo. Zama ukusebenzisa lezi ukwengeza nezinye imisebenzi yakho yokufunda ulimi.
5. Khuluma Serbian nge izikhulumi bomdabu: indlela engcono kakhulu ukuthuthukisa Serbian yakho iwukuba abenza nge izikhulumi bomdabu. Joyina iqembu lendawo noma uthole amathuba online ukukhuluma izikhulumi bomdabu. Lokhu kuzokusiza uthuthukise pronunciation yakho, ukuzethemba kanye nokuqonda ulimi.