Esperanto Cebuano Humusha

Isi-Esperanto siwulimi lwamazwe ngamazwe olwakhiwa ngo-1887 Udkt.L. l. Zamenhof, udokotela nesazi sezilimi esizalwa epoland. Lwaluklanyelwe ukukhuthaza ukuqonda kwamazwe ngamazwe nokuxhumana kwamazwe ngamazwe, futhi lube ulimi lwesibili olusebenzayo kubantu abavela emazweni ahlukahlukene. Namuhla, Isi-Esperanto sikhulunywa abantu abayizigidi eziningana emazweni angaphezu kwe-100, futhi sisetshenziswa izinhlangano eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe njengolimi olusebenzayo.

Uhlelo lolimi Lwesi-Esperanto lubhekwa njengolulula kakhulu, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukulufunda kunezinye izilimi. Lokhu kulula kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuhumusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Isi-Esperanto samukelwa kabanzi futhi siyaqondakala, sivumela ukuba sisetshenziswe emisebenzini yokuhumusha eyayingadinga izilimi eziningi.

Ukuhumusha isi-Esperanto kunendawo eyingqayizivele ezweni lokuhumusha. Ngokungafani nezinye izinguqulo, ezakhiwe izikhulumi zolimi okubhekiswe kulo, ukuhumusha Isi-Esperanto kuncike kubahumushi abanolwazi oluhle lwesi-Esperanto nolimi oluwumthombo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abahumushi akudingeki babe izikhulumi zomdabu zanoma yiluphi ulimi ukuze bahumushe ngokunembile.

Lapho kuhunyushwa ukwaziswa okuvela olimini olulodwa Kuya Olimini Lwesi-Esperanto, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulimi oluwumthombo lumelelwa ngokunembile ekuhumusheni okuvelayo. Lokhu kungaba inselele, njengoba ezinye izilimi ziqukethe imishwana, amagama, nemiqondo engahunyushelwa ngokuqondile Olimini Lwesi-Esperanto. Kungase kudingeke ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile nobuchwepheshe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lezi zincazelo zolimi lokuqala zivezwa kahle enguqulweni Yesi-Esperanto.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba Isi-Esperanto singenayo imiqondo noma amagama athile, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukuzungeza ukuze uchaze le mibono ngokucacile nangokunembile. Lena enye yezindlela ukuhumusha Isi-Esperanto okuhluke kakhulu ngazo ekuhumusheni okwenziwa kwezinye izilimi, lapho inkulumo noma umqondo ofanayo ungaba nokulingana okuqondile.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhumusha Isi-Esperanto kuyithuluzi eliyingqayizivele neliwusizo lokukhuthaza ukuqonda nokuxhumana kwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokuthembela kubahumushi abanokuqonda okujulile kokubili ulimi oluwumthombo Nesi-Esperanto, izinguqulo zingaqedwa ngokushesha nangokunembile. Ekugcineni, ngokusebenzisa ukuzungeza ukuze kuvezwe imiqondo nezinkulumo ezinzima, abahumushi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi incazelo yolimi oluwumthombo idluliselwa ngokunembile enguqulweni Yesi-Esperanto.

Yiluphi ulimi Olukhulunywa Isi-Esperanto?

Isi-Esperanto asilona ulimi olwaziwa ngokusemthethweni kunoma yiliphi izwe. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-2 emhlabeni wonke bayakwazi ukukhuluma Isi-Esperanto, ngakho sikhulunywa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Kukhulunywa kakhulu emazweni asengejalimane, Ijapane, Ipoland, Ibrazil Nechina.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesi-Esperanto?

Isi-Esperanto siwulimi lwamazwe ngamazwe olwakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 udokotela wamehlo wasepoland Ul.l. Zamenhof. Umgomo wakhe kwakuwukuklama ulimi olwaluyoba ibhuloho elisetshenziswa kabanzi phakathi kwamasiko, izilimi nezizwe. Wakhetha ulimi olulula ngokwezilimi, ayekholelwa ukuthi kwakuyoba lula ukulufunda kunezilimi ezikhona.
Uzamenhof washicilela incwadi yokuqala ngolimi lwakhe, Ethi "Unua Libro" ("Incwadi Yokuqala"), ngojulayi 26, 1887 ngaphansi kwegama eliqanjiwe Elithi Dr. Esperanto (okusho ukuthi "umuntu onethemba"). I-Esperanto yasakazeka ngokushesha futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka yayisibe ukunyakaza kwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwabhalwa izincwadi eziningi ezibucayi nezifundwayo ngalolu limi. Umhlangano wokuqala Wezizwe zonke wabanjelwa Efrance ngo-1905.
Ngo-1908, kwasungulwa I-Universal Esperanto Association (UEA) ngenjongo yokukhuthaza ulimi nokuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwamazwe ngamazwe. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, amazwe amaningana amukela Isi-Esperanto njengolimi lwawo olusemthethweni olusizayo futhi kwakhiwa imiphakathi emisha eminingana emhlabeni wonke.
Impi Yezwe Ii yabangela ukucindezeleka ekuthuthukiseni Isi-Esperanto, kodwa asizange sife. Ngo-1954, i-UEA yamukela Isimemezelo Saseboulogne, esachaza izimiso eziyisisekelo nezinjongo Zesi-Esperanto. Lokhu kwalandelwa ukwamukelwa kwesimemezelo Samalungelo Esi-Esperanto ngo-1961.
Namuhla, Isi-Esperanto sikhulunywa izinkulungwane eziningana zabantu emhlabeni wonke, ngokuyinhloko njengento yokuzilibazisa, nakuba ezinye izinhlangano zisakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwaso njengolimi olusebenzayo lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesi-Esperanto?

1. Uludoviko Zamenhof-Umdali wolimi Lwesi-Esperanto.
2. Uwilliam Auld-imbongi nombhali Wasescotland owabhala inkondlo eyingqopha-mlando ethi "Adiaי" Ngesi-Esperanto, kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi ngolimi.
3. Uhumphrey tonkin-uprofesa Wasemelika nowayengumongameli We-Universal Esperanto Association oye wabhala izincwadi ezingaphezu kweshumi Nambili Ngesi-Esperanto.
4. Ul. L. Zamenhof Indodana Kaludoviko Zamenhof nomshicileli Wefundamento de Esperanto, uhlelo lolimi lokuqala olusemthethweni nesichazamazwi Sesi-Esperanto.
5. Uprobal dasgupta-umbhali, umhleli nomhumushi wasendiya owabhala incwadi eqondile yohlelo lolimi Lwesi-Esperanto, Ethi "The New simplified Grammar of Esperanto". Uphinde adunyiswe ngokuvuselela lolu limi Endiya.

Isakhiwo solimi Lwesi-Esperanto sinjani?

Isi-Esperanto siwulimi olwakhiwe, okusho ukuthi lwaklanywa ngamabomu ukuze lube oluvamile, olunengqondo, futhi kube lula ukulufunda. Luwulimi oluhlanganisa amagama okusho ukuthi amagama amasha akhiwa ngokuhlanganisa izimpande nama-affix, okwenza ulimi lube lula kakhulu ukulufunda kunezilimi zemvelo. Ukuhleleka kwamagama okuyisisekelo kulandela iphethini efanayo yezilimi eziningi Zaseyurophu: isihloko isenzo into (svo). Uhlelo lolimi lulula kakhulu njengoba kungekho sihloko esicacile noma esingacacile futhi kungekho mehluko wobulili kumabizo. Futhi akukho ukungahambi kahle, okusho ukuthi uma usufunde imithetho, ungayisebenzisa kunoma yiliphi igama.

Indlela ukufunda Ulimi Esperanto ngendlela efanele kunazo?

1. Start ngokufunda izinto eziyisisekelo zolimi Lwesi-Esperanto. Funda eziyisisekelo lolimi, silulumagama, futhi pronunciation. Kunezinsiza eziningi zamahhala ezikuyi-internet, njenge-duolingo, I-lernu, Ne-La Lingvo Internacia.
2. Prakthiza usebenzisa ulimi. Khuluma Ngesi-Esperanto nabakhuluma isi-Esperanto noma emphakathini we-Esperanto oku-inthanethi. Lapho kungenzeka khona, iya emicimbini Yama-Esperanto nasemihlanganweni yokufundisana. Lokhu kuzokusiza ufunde ulimi ngendlela engokwemvelo futhi uthole impendulo evela izikhulumi abanolwazi.
3. Funda izincwadi futhi ubuke amabhayisikobho In Esperanto. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwakho ulimi futhi kukusize ukwakha silulumagama yakho.
4. Thola umlingani ingxoxo noma ukuthatha inkambo Esperanto. Ukuba nomuntu ozofunda ulimi njalo kuyindlela enhle yokufunda.
5. Sebenzisa ulimi ngangokunokwenzeka. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuba nekhono kunoma yiluphi ulimi iwukuyisebenzisa ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungakhathaliseki ubhekene ukuxoxa nabangani noma ngokubhala imeyili, sebenzisa Okuningi Esperanto ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isicebuano siwulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu Ephilippines futhi siyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko nobuntu Basephilippines. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhumusha Ngesicebuano kuyinkonzo ebalulekile kubantu abahlala Ephilippines noma labo abenza ibhizinisi nezinhlangano ezinze lapho.

Lapho uhumusha kusuka kolunye ulimi kuya kolunye, kubalulekile ukuqonda hhayi nje kuphela amagama nohlelo lolimi kodwa futhi nomongo wamasiko olimi ukuze udlulisele ngokunembile incazelo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi Ngesicebuano, esithonywe kakhulu isiko nomlando Wasephilippines.

Ngaphezu kokuqonda ama-nuances olimi ngokombono wamasiko, kubalulekile ukuba abahumushi Besicebuano babe nolwazi oluqinile lohlelo lolimi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda ngokucophelela ukuhlanganiswa kwezenzi nokwazisa izilimi eziningi ezisetshenziswa kuyo yonke le ndawo.

Lapho ukhetha umhumushi Wesicebuano, kubalulekile ukukhetha umuntu onolwazi ngolimi nokuqonda isiko lendawo. Umhumushi omuhle kufanele akwazi ukwenza umbhalo uzwakale ungokwemvelo kubantu abakhuluma ulimi lwendabuko futhi aqonde ubuciko bolimi.

Ukuhunyushwa kwesicebuano kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kubalulekile kulabo abakudingayo. Ukukhetha umhumushi ofanele kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba nokwethembeka emthonjeni wokuqala. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha isikhathi lapho ukhetha umhumushi futhi ubuze imibuzo eminingi ngeziqu zabo nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ekuhumusheni Kusuka Esicebuano kuya esingisini noma okuphambene nalokho.

Yiluphi ulimi Lwesicebuano olukhulunywa kuwo?

Isicebuano sikhulunywa Ephilippines, ikakhulukazi esiqhingini Sasecebu nasebohol. Kukhulunywa nasezingxenyeni ezithile Zase-Indonesia, Emalaysia, Eguam Nasepalau.

Uyini umlando wolimi Lwesicebuano?

Ulimi Lwesicebuano luyiqembu elincane lezilimi Zasevisayan, eziyingxenye yomndeni wezilimi Zasemalayo-Polynesia. Kukhulunywa Ezifundeni Zasevisayan Nasemindanao Ephilippines. Ulimi lwaqala ukuthuthuka endaweni Yasecebu, yingakho igama lalo, phakathi nekhulu le-16 ngenxa yokoloni lasespain nokungena kwabokufika Abavela Eborneo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ispanishi sasiwulimi olusemthethweni kule ndawo, Futhi Isicebuano sakhula saba ulimi lwabantu bendawo.
Ngekhulu le-19, Isicebuano saziwa njengolimi olubalulekile esifundeni Sasevisayan, njengoba sasisetshenziswa kabanzi ezincwadini, kwezemfundo nakwezombusazwe. Phakathi nenkathi Yasemelika, Isicebuano sasisetshenziswa kakhulu kwabezindaba, futhi ngawo-1920, kwakukhona izinhlelo zomsakazo ezazisakazwa Ngesicebuano. Ngawo-1930, kwakhiwa izindlela zokubhala eziningana zalolu limi, ezinye zazo ezisasetshenziswa nanamuhla.
Namuhla, Isicebuano singesinye sezilimi ezikhulunywa kakhulu Ephilippines, esinabakhulumi abacishe babe yizigidi ezingamashumi amabili. Ulimi oluvamile ezifundeni Zasevisayas Nasemindanao futhi lusetshenziswa njengolimi lwesibili ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwe.

Bangobani abantu abaphezulu aba-5 abaye baba negalelo elikhulu olimini Lwesicebuano?

1. Uresil mojares-umbhali nomlando Wasecebuano, obhekwa kabanzi njengombhali nezazi ezivelele kunazo zonke Zasecebuano
2. Uleoncio deriada-imbongi Yasephilippines, umbhali wamanoveli nombhali wemidlalo, owaziwa Njengobaba Wezincwadi Zesicebuano.
3. U-Ursula K. Le Guin-umbhali Wasemelika, owabhala inoveli yokuqala yesayensi eqanjiwe ngolimi Lwesicebuano
4. Ufernando lumbera-umhleli Wasecebuano, umhlaziyi wezincwadi, nombhali wezindatshana, owayengomunye wabantu abanethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ulimi nezincwadi Zasecebuano.
5. Ugermaine Andes-umhumushi nomfundisi Wesicebuano, owaba ngowokuqala ukuhlwanyela imbewu yolimi Lwesicebuano ngokubhala nokushicilela izincwadi zesicebuano zezingane.

Ulimi Lwesicebuano lwakhiwa kanjani?

Isicebuano siwulimi lwase-Austronesia olukhulunywa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20 eziqhingini Zasevisayas Nasemindanao Ephilippines. Isicebuano sinohlelo lwamagama oluthi subjectverbobject (svo), olunamagama aphendukezelwe ngenombolo nesimo. Izenzo zihlanganiswa ukuze kutholakale isici, isimo, isikhathi, nomuntu. Ukuhleleka kwamagama kungahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umusho ugxile kuphi futhi ugcizelelwa kanjani. Lolu limi lunamakilasi amathathu ayisisekelo amagama: amagama, izenzi, nezichasiso. Ezinye izingxenye zenkulumo ezinjengezichasiso, izabizwana, nezichasiso nazo zisetshenziswa Ngesicebuano.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi Lwesicebuano ngendlela efanele kakhulu?

1. Thenga incwadi enhle yolimi Lwesicebuano noma umthombo. Kunezincwadi ezinhle ezimakethe ezingakusiza ufunde Isicebuano, njenge - "cebuano For beginners" ne - "cebuano In A Flash".
2. Thola umngane okhuluma Isicebuano noma ofunda naye ekilasini. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufunda noma yiluphi ulimi iwukukhuluma ngalo. Uma wazi umuntu okhuluma Isicebuano, sebenzisa ithuba lokuzijwayeza ulimi nabo.
3. Lalela iziteshi zomsakazo Cebuano futhi ubuke cebuano amafilimu. Lena indlela enhle yokuthola ulwazi lokuthi ulimi luzwakala kanjani, nokuthi lusetshenziswa kanjani engxoxweni.
4. Bamba iqhaza online cebuano izinkundla kanye izingxoxo. Ukuxhumana nezikhulumi zomdabu ku-inthanethi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzijwayeza ukusebenzisa ulimi ngendlela yokuxoxa.
5. Joyina ikilasi Lesicebuano esikoleni sendawo noma enhlanganweni yomphakathi. Uma kukhona ekilasini etholakalayo endaweni yakho, ukuya kuyokunika inzuzo yokufunda nothisha ofanelekayo futhi in a setting group.