Yiddishname Uzbek (Isicyrillic) Guqulela

I-Yiddish lulwimi lwakudala oluneengcambu Ngekhulu le-10 Lejamani, nangona luthethwe Kumbindi Nasempuma Yurophu ukususela kwixesha eliphakathi. Iyindibaniselwano yeelwimi ezininzi, ikakhulu isijamani, isihebhere, Isiaramiki, Kunye neslavic iilwimi. I-Yiddish ngamanye amaxesha ithathwa njengesiyelelane, kodwa ngokwenene, ulwimi olupheleleyo kunye ne-syntax yayo, i-morphology kunye nesigama. Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kuye kwancipha ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ngenxa yokufuduka, ukufana, kunye notshintsho kwiimeko zentlalo, kodwa kusathethwa Ngamayuda amaninzi Obuothodoki kwamanye amazwe namhlanje.

Nangona kungekho sikhokelo esisemthethweni se-Yiddish, abo basathetha ngayo bayazi ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ngeenjongo zolwimi kunye nenkcubeko. Kungenxa yoko le nto kukho abantu kwihlabathi liphela abazinikele ekugcineni ulwimi ngeenkonzo zokuguqulela Zeyiddish. Abaguquleli banceda ukuvala ukwahlula phakathi kwabo baqonda I-Yiddish kunye nabo bangenayo.

Iinkonzo zokuguqulela zaseyiddish zinokunceda ekufumaneni amagama esihebhere aye aba yinxalenye yolwimi Lwaseyiddish, njengamagama avela Ebhayibhileni okanye amabinzana asetyenziselwa amasiko onqulo. Ngoncedo lokuguqulela, la mabinzana angcwele anokufakwa ngokufanelekileyo ekubhaleni okanye ekuthetheni Ngesiyiddish. Kulabo abangazi kakuhle ulwimi, ukukwazi ukufikelela kwiinguqulelo Ze-Yiddish kunokuba luncedo kakhulu.

Iinguqulelo zamaxwebhu Eyiddish ziye zasetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi ukutyhubela imbali, njengokufuduka nokufuduka, unqulo, uncwadi, iilwimi, nembali Yamayuda. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukufumana abaguquleli abafanelekileyo Baseyiddish abaqinisekisiweyo ngesihebhere nangesijamani. Ukongeza kulwimi ngokwalo, ezi ngcali kufuneka zazi inkcubeko, umongo, kunye neemeko zemibhalo eyahlukeneyo ukuze iinguqulelo zazo zithathe ngokuchanekileyo injongo yoqobo.

Iinguqulelo zeyiddish aziboleki nje kuphela uncedo olukhulu kwabo bazama ukufunda ulwimi, kodwa zikwanceda ukugcina ulwimi luphila. Ngokuncedisa ukuthutha amagama Kunye namabinzana kwezinye iilwimi, iinguqulelo zinceda ukuthintela ulwimi ukuba lungapheli ngokupheleleyo. Ngoncedo lwabaguquleli abanezakhono, I-Yiddish igcinwa iphilile kwaye iphilile ngelixa inikezela ifestile kwinkcubeko kunye nezithethe zabantu Bamayuda.

Ngawaphi amazwe athetha Ulwimi Lweyiddish?

I-Yiddish ithethwa ikakhulu kwimimandla Yamayuda Eunited States, Kwasirayeli, Erashiya, Ebelarus, Eukraine, Epoland Nasehungary. Kwakhona kuthethwa ngamanani amancinane Amayuda Efransi, Eargentina, Eostreliya, Emzantsi Afrika, Ecanada nakwamanye amazwe.

Yintoni I-Yiddish language?

I-Yiddish lulwimi oluneengcambu Zalo Kwisijamani Esiphakathi Kwaye kuthethwa kwihlabathi Lonke Ngamayuda Aseashkenazi. Iye yasebenza njengolwimi oluphambili Lwamayuda Ase-Ashkenazi ukususela ekusekweni kwayo kwinkulungwane ye-9, xa uluntu lwamayuda lwachuma kwindawo ngoku ebizwa Ngokuba Yijamani kunye nomntla Wefransi. Ngumxube weelwimi ezininzi kubandakanya isihebhere Nesiaramiki, Kunye Neslavic,Uthando Kunye Neelwimi Eziphakathi zasejamani.
I-Yiddish yaqala ukuthandwa phakathi Kwamayuda Aseyurophu malunga nekhulu le-12, xa yaqala ukusetyenziswa njengolwimi oluthethwayo kunokuba lubhalwe ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kwakubangelwa yindawo Yamayuda, ayesoloko ehlukaniswa ngokwendawo kwaye ngaloo ndlela aphuhlise iziyelelane ezihlukeneyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ebudeni benkulungwane ye-15 neye-16, Iyiddish yasasazeka Kulo Lonke Elaseyurophu, isiba lulwimi lwamayuda Aseyurophu.
I-Yiddish iye yaphenjelelwa kakhulu ziilwimi zasekuhlaleni Apho Amayuda ayehlala khona, ukwenzela ukuba iziyelelane ezahlukeneyo ziye zaphuhliswa Eyurophu, Eafrika Nasemerika. Phezu kwako nje ukwahluka kwangaphakathi, iilwimi zaseyiddish zabelana ngegrama, isivakalisi nesigama esiqhelekileyo, ezinye iziyelelane ziphenjelelwa ngamandla sisihebhere nezinye ngeelwimi ezisandul ' ukudibana.
Ngenkulungwane ye-19, uncwadi Lwesiyiddish lwachuma yaye kwapapashwa iincwadi namaphephancwadi amaninzi ngolwimi. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwe-anti-Semitism, ukufuduswa kwamayuda amaninzi emva Kwemfazwe YEHLABATHI II, kunye nokwamkelwa kwesingesi njengolwimi oluphambili Eunited States kwakhokelela ekunciphiseni Kweyiddish njengolwimi oluthethwayo. Namhlanje, kusekho izigidi zabantu abathetha Iyiddish ehlabathini lonke, ubukhulu becala Emntla Merika Nakwasirayeli, nangona olu lwimi lungasasetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengangaphambili.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi Lweyiddish?

1. U-Eliezer Ben-Yehuda (1858-1922): Uben-Yehuda ubizwa ngokuvuselela ulwimi lwesihebhere, awenzayo ngokufaka amagama Amaninzi Aseyiddish kwisihebhere. Kwakhona waba ngowokuqala ukuqulunqa isichazi-magama esibanzi sesihebhere sale mihla waza wabhala amanqaku neencwadi ngolwimi.
2. Usholem Aleichem (1859-1916): U-Aleichem wayengumlobi odumileyo Waseyiddish owabhala ngobomi Bamayuda empuma Yurophu. Imisebenzi yakhe, kuquka Utevye I-Dairyman, yanceda ukwandisa nokusabalalisa I-Yiddish kwihlabathi lonke.
3. Ibanga le-Chaim (1910-1982): Ibanga lalingumlobi Owaziwayo We-Yiddish kunye nembongi. Imisebenzi yakhe, echaza imizabalazo yobomi Bamayuda, ithathwa njengenye yezona ncwadi zibalaseleyo ngolwimi Lweyiddish.
4. Umax Weinreich (1894-1969): ingcali yeelwimi, unjingalwazi kunye nomsunguli kunye nomlawuli WEYIVO Institute For Jewish Research Evilnius, Elithuania, Weinreich wanikezela umsebenzi wakhe wobomi kwisifundo kunye nokukhuthaza Iyiddish.
5. Itzik Manger (1900-1969): Manger wayeyimbongi Yiddish kwaye omnye wababhali abakhulu bekhulu lama-20. Wayenempembelelo enkulu ekuvuseleleni nasekuphuculeni ulwimi.

Uluphi ulwimi Lwe-Yiddish?

Inkqubo Ye-Yiddish iphantse yafana neyesijamani. Inamagama, amabinzana, kunye nezivakalisi ezakhiwe ngokulandelelana kwesihloko-isenzi-into. I-Yiddish ithambekele ekubeni imfutshane kunesijamani, isebenzisa amanqaku ambalwa, izindululo, kunye nezihlanganisi ezingaphantsi. I-Yiddish ayinayo inkqubo efanayo yokudibanisa izenzi njengesijamani, kwaye ezinye izenzi zihluke kulabo basejamani. I-Yiddish inamasuntswana ongezelelweyo kunye nezinye izinto ezingafumanekiyo ngesijamani.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi Lweyiddish ngendlela echanekileyo?

Indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda I-Yiddish kukuntywila kulwimi. Oku kuthetha ukumamela iincoko Zeyiddish, ukufunda iincwadi Zeyiddish kunye namaphephandaba, kunye nokubukela iimovie Zeyiddish kunye nemiboniso kamabonwakude. Unokuthatha iklasi Ye-Yiddish kwiziko loluntu lendawo, iyunivesithi okanye kwi-intanethi. Qiniseka ukuba uyaziqhelanisa nokuthetha nezithethi zomthonyama ukukunceda ukuba uqhele ukubiza kunye negrama. Okokugqibela, gcina i-Yiddish-English dictionary kunye neetafile zesenzi zikulungele ukukunceda ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo.

I-Uzbek lulwimi olusemthethweni Lwaseburhulumenteni E-Uzbekistan kwaye lithetha ngabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-25. Ulwimi Lwaseturkey, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu isebenzisa ialfabhethi yesicyrillic, endaweni yesilatini.

Ukuguqulela ukusuka kwisispanish ukuya kwezinye iilwimi kunokuba yinkohliso kuba igrama kunye nesivakalisi sesiuzbek zahluke kakhulu kwezo zisetyenziswa ngesingesi, ispanish kunye nezinye iilwimi Zaseyurophu. Abaguquleli kufuneka basebenzise isigama esikhethekileyo kwaye banikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiintsingiselo ezithile zamagama kunye namabinzana kwimeko yenkcubeko yaseuzbek.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-alfabhethi Yesicyrillic iqulethwe ngabalinganiswa abaninzi, ezinye zazo zibizwa ngokwahlukileyo kwi-Uzbek xa kuthelekiswa nendlela ezibizwa ngayo ngesirashiya. Ngokomzekelo, incwadi Yesicyrillic Ethi" Y "ibizwa ngokuthi" o "ngesiuzbek, ngoxa ngesirashiya ibizwa ngokuthi" oo.""Le ngongoma ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyikhumbule xa uguqulela ukusuka kwisingesi ukuya kwisingesi, kuba ukubizwa kakubi kwamagama kunokukhokelela ekungaqondani okukhulu.

Olunye ucelomngeni lokuguqulela ukusuka kwisingesi ukuya kwisingesi kunokuba sisakhiwo kunye nesitayile solwimi. I-Uzbek ihlala ilandela ulwakhiwo lwesivakalisi olwahlukileyo kwisingesi, ke umguquleli kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba udlulisa ngokuchanekileyo intsingiselo yomyalezo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kakhulu kuguqulelo lokoqobo.

Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngenxa yokungafani kwenkcubeko phakathi Kwe-Uzbekistan nakwamanye amazwe, amanye amagama kunye namabinzana angenakulingana ngesingesi. Ngesi sizathu, umguquleli kufuneka abe nokuqonda okunzulu kwenkcubeko yaseuzbek, kunye nolwazi lweelwimi zalo zengingqi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uguqulelo luhambisa intsingiselo ngqo yomyalezo wokuqala.

Isishwankathelo, inguqulelo yesiuzbek ngumsebenzi onzima ofuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo, izakhono kunye nengqwalaselo enkulu kwiinkcukacha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka. Ngendlela efanelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uvelise uguqulelo oluchanekileyo noluchanekileyo olubonisa ngokuchanekileyo umyalezo wombhalo womthombo.

Ziziphi Iilwimi zesiuzbek (Isicyrillic)?

I-Uzbek (Isicyrillic) ithethwa ikakhulu E-Uzbekistan Nasetajikistan, kwaye inezithethi ezincinci E-Afghanistan, Ekyrgyzstan Nasekazakhstan.

Uluphi ulwimi lwesiuzbek( Isicyrillic)?

I-Uzbek (Isicyrillic) lulwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa Ikakhulu E-Uzbekistan nakwicentral Asia. Ulwimi Olusemthethweni Lwaseuzbekistan kwaye lukwathethwa zezinye iintlanga ezincinci kulo mmandla. Ulwimi luneengcambu zalo kwinkulungwane ye-8 kunye nolwimi Lwaseturkey oluthethwa Yikarluks Kunye Ne-Usuns, kunye namanye amaqela ezizwe. Ebudeni benkulungwane ye-9, Ulwimi Lwesogdian lwaphakama lwaphakama kuloo mmandla ngaphambi kokuba ubukhulu becala luthatyathelw ' indawo lulwimi Lwaseturkey kwiinkulungwane eziliqela kamva.
Ngenkulungwane ye-14, ibinzana Elithi Uzbegistan lalisetyenziswa okokuqala ukubhekisela koko ngoko yayiliqela lezizwe ezingoonothwal ' impahlana zaseturkey. Ibinzana elithi 'Uzbek' nelithi 'Uzbeg' ngelo xesha lalisetyenziselwa ukuchonga ezi zizwe nolwimi oluthethwa ngazo. Olu lwimi lwaphuhliswa ukutyhubela iinkulungwane kwaye ekugqibeleni lwavela njengolwimi lwangoku lwesiuzbek esilwaziyo namhlanje.
Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-16 ukusa kweye-19, isipersi sasilolona lwimi lubalaseleyo lokubhala kulo mmandla. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-alfabhethi yesilatini yaziswa kunye neskripthi Sesiarabhu, esinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kolwimi lwesiuzbek lwangoku. Xa I-Soviet Union yayilawula I-Asia Ephakathi, isicyrillic yathatha indawo yesilatini njengesikripthi esisemthethweni kwaye ihlala iyinqaku eliphambili le-Uzbek namhlanje.

Ngoobani abona bantu ba-5 baphambili abaye banegalelo elikhulu kulwimi lwesiuzbek( Lwesicyrillic)?

1. Unarimon Umarov-Umbhali, Umphengululi, Kunye Nesoviet Linguist 2. Muhammad Salih-Uzbek Umbhali Kunye Nembongi 3. Abdulla Qurbonov-Umlawuli Wemidlalo Yeqonga kunye Nomlawuli Weqonga 4. Abdulla Aripov-Imbongi Kunye Nombhali Weprose 5. Mirzakhid Rakhimov - Umbhali Kunye Nomfanekiso Wezopolitiko

Uluphi ulwimi lwesiuzbek (Isicyrillic)?

Ulwimi lwesiuzbek lubhalwa ikakhulu Ngesicyrillic kwaye lolwaseturkey. Yinzala ngqo Yasechagatai, ulwimi Lweturkey lwamaxesha aphakathi olwasetyenziswa Kumbindi Weasia Nakumbindi Mpuma. Ulwimi lunezikhamiso ezisibhozo kunye namaqabane angama-29, kunye neediphthong ezahlukeneyo. Lulwimi oluguqukayo, apho amagama angatshatanga anokuqulatha izifinyezo ezininzi ezitshintsha intsingiselo kakhulu. Umyalelo wegama udla ngokuba ngumxholo-isenzi-isenzi, kwaye izivakalisi ziphawulwe ngamasuntswana. Kukwakho nenkqubo yokuhlonipha esetyenziswa xa kuthethwa nabantu abakwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Indlela yokufunda ulwimi lwesiuzbek (Isicyrillic) ngendlela echanekileyo?

1. Qala ngeziseko. Funda ialfabhethi, njengoko oku kubalulekile kulo naluphi na ulwimi lokufunda. Hlola ezinye iindawo Onokukhetha kuzo e-Uzbek Isicyrillic ukukunceda ukhumbule bonke abalinganiswa.
2. Funda igrama. Thatha ikhosi ekwi-intanethi okanye ujonge imigaqo eyahlukeneyo yegrama kwaye ufunde eyona ixhaphakileyo nebalulekileyo.
3. Sebenza kwizakhono zakho zokubiza kunye nokuphulaphula. Mamela iipodcasts kunye nezinye iiklip ezivakalayo ukuze uziqhelanise nokuqonda ummi waseuzbek ongumcyrillic. Phinda igama ngalinye ngokuvakalayo ukuze ufumane ukuqonda okungcono indlela yokubiza.
4. Ziqhelanise nezithethi zomthonyama. Zama ukufumana i-Uzbek-ukuthetha umhlobo okanye practice kwi-ulwimi-learning apps njenge HelloTalk Kwaye Italki, apho ikuvumela ukuba incoko kunye native speakers.
5. Qiniseka ukuba ufunda amagama amatsha kunye namabinzana yonke imihla. Gcina incwadi yamanqaku okanye usebenzise ii-apps zokufunda ulwimi ezinje Ngeduolingo kunye Nememrise yokufunda isigama esonwabisayo, esisebenzisanayo.
6. Sebenzisa ezinye izibonelelo. Sebenzisa iincwadi kunye neewebhusayithi ukukunceda uqonde ngcono ulwimi Lwesicyrillic kunye nenkcubeko, njenge-BBC Uzbek Kunye Ne-Uzbek Portal Yolwimi.